Who are we missing? Language exclusivity of patient-reported outcomes in atrial fibrillation clinical trials.

Introduction: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are increasingly used to evaluate quality of life (QoL) in Atrial Fibrillation (AF) patients, providing crucial insights in clinical trials. This study examines the frequency of PRO use in AF trials and the linguistic accessibility of AF-specific PROs.

Background: As the United States becomes more multilingual, ensuring PROs are available in various languages is vital.

Inequities in atrial fibrillation trials: An analysis of participant race, ethnicity, and sex over time.

Background: Despite the importance of racial and ethnic representation in clinical trials, limited data exist about the enrollment trends of these groups in atrial fibrillation (AF) trials over time.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of contemporary AF clinical trials and to evaluate their association with race and ethnicity over time.

Methods: We performed a systematic search of all completed AF trials registered in ClinicalTrials.

Outcomes and care quality metrics for people living with rheumatic heart disease and atrial fibrillation in Uganda.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common complication of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and is challenging to treat in lower-resourced settings in which RHD remains endemic.

Objective: We characterized demographics, treatment outcomes, and factors leading to care retention for participants with RHD and AF in Uganda.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the Uganda national RHD registry between June 2009 and May 2018.

Characteristics of contemporary atrial fibrillation clinical trials and their association with industry sponsorship.

Background: Industry sponsorship is an important source of funding for atrial fibrillation (AF) clinical trials, the implications of which have not been analyzed.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of contemporary AF clinical trials and to evaluate their association with funding source.

Methods: We systematically assessed all completed AF trials registered in the ClinicalTrials.

Opportunities to Increase Science of Diversity and Inclusion in Clinical Trials: Equity and a Lack of a Control.

The United States witnessed a nearly 4-fold increase in personal health care expenditures between 1980 and 2010. Despite innovations and obvious benefits to health, participants enrolled in clinical trials still do not accurately represent the racial and ethnic composition of patients nationally or globally. This lack of diversity in cohorts limits the generalizability and significance of results among all populations and has deep repercussions for patient equity.

Resident Involvement in Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion is Associated With Increased Readmissions and Operative Time, But No Increased Short-term Risks.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: The aim was to compare rates of adverse events and additional posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) cases assisted by residents versus cases performed solely by an orthopedic attending.

Summary Of Background Data: PLIF is a widely accepted surgical technique for the management of a variety of spinal conditions requiring spinal stabilization and fusion.

Characterization of Clinical Symptoms by Race Among Women With Early-Stage, Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Before Starting Chemotherapy.

Importance: Race disparities persist in breast cancer mortality rates. One factor associated with these disparities may be differences in symptom burden, which may reduce chemotherapy tolerance and increase early treatment discontinuation.

Objectives: To compare symptom burden by race among women with early-stage breast cancer before starting chemotherapy and quantify symptom differences explained by baseline characteristics.

Contemporary Outpatient Arthroplasty Is Safe Compared with Inpatient Surgery: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of 574,375 Procedures.

Background: Outpatient joint arthroplasty is a potential modality for increased case throughput and is rising in demand. However, we are aware of no study that has compared outcomes between risk-matched outpatient and inpatient procedures within the last 7 years. The aims of this study were to compare matched patient cohorts who underwent outpatient or inpatient joint arthroplasty in terms of 30-day adverse events and readmission rates.

Outcome measures in total hip arthroplasty: have our metrics changed over 15 years?

Introduction: Consensus has not been reached regarding ideal outcome measures for total hip arthroplasty (THA) clinical evaluation and research. The goal of this review was to analyze the trends in outcome metrics within the THA literature and to discuss the potential impact of instrument heterogeneity on clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: A PubMed search of all manuscripts related to THA from January 2005 to December 2019 was performed.

How Are We Measuring Cost-Effectiveness in Total Joint Arthroplasty Studies? Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: As volumes of total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) continue to rise, it is important to understand their economic impact. No systematic review on cost-effectiveness of THA/TKA has been performed since 2016 despite recent changes in the healthcare environment. The purpose of the study is to provide a contemporary analysis of the cost-effectiveness of total joint arthroplasty and the use of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs).

Evolving Outcome Measures in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Trends and Utilization Rates Over the Past 15 Years.

Background: Patient-reported outcome metrics and reporting are important for demonstrating value associated with total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This review studied the patient-reported outcome utilization trends as reported within the TKA literature over a 15-year period.

Methods: A PubMed search of all manuscripts related to TKA from January 2005 to December 2019 was performed.

Post-acute care disparities in total joint arthroplasty.

Background: Understanding the socioeconomic factors that influence hospitalization and post-discharge metrics after joint replacement is important for identifying key areas of improvement in the delivery of orthopaedic care.

Methods: An institutional administrative data set of 2869 patients from an academic arthroplasty referral center was analyzed to quantify the relationship between socioeconomic factors and post-acute rehabilitation care received, length of stay, and cost of care. The study used International Classification of Disease, ninth edition coding in order to identify cohorts of patients who received joint arthroplasty of the knee and hip between January 2007 and May 2015.

Does the Timing of Pre-Operative Medical Evaluation Influence Perioperative Total Hip Arthroplasty Outcomes?

Background: Medical evaluation pre-operatively is an important component of risk stratification and potential risk optimization. However, the effect of timing prior to surgical intervention is not well-understood. We hypothesized that total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients seen in pre-operative evaluation closer to the date of surgery would experience better perioperative outcomes.

American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons-Endorsed Comorbidity Coding for Total Joint Arthroplasty: How Often Did We Hit the Mark With International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision?

Background: Initiatives led by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons (AAHKS) have indicated a number of clinical risk factors associated with total joint arthroplasty that might reflect the complexity of contemporary hip and knee care. This study sought to examine the prevalence of specific International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9), coding with respect to an AAHKS-endorsed list of comorbidity codes.

Methods: An administrative data set from an academic arthroplasty referral center was analyzed in an attempt to measure the prevalence of clinical risk factors (ICD-9) endorsed by AAHKS.