Multimodal Spatial Profiling Reveals Immune Suppression and Microenvironment Remodeling in Fallopian Tube Precursors to High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma.

High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (HGSOC) originates from fallopian tube (FT) precursors. However, the molecular changes that occur as precancerous lesions progress to HGSOC are not well understood. To address this, we integrated high-plex imaging and spatial transcriptomics to analyze human tissue samples at different stages of HGSOC development, including p53 signatures, serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STIC), and invasive HGSOC.

The Spatial Landscape of Progression and Immunoediting in Primary Melanoma at Single-Cell Resolution.

Unlabelled: Cutaneous melanoma is a highly immunogenic malignancy that is surgically curable at early stages but life-threatening when metastatic. Here we integrate high-plex imaging, 3D high-resolution microscopy, and spatially resolved microregion transcriptomics to study immune evasion and immunoediting in primary melanoma. We find that recurrent cellular neighborhoods involving tumor, immune, and stromal cells change significantly along a progression axis involving precursor states, melanoma in situ, and invasive tumor.

A live cell reporter of exosome secretion and uptake reveals pathfinding behavior of migrating cells.

Small extracellular vesicles called exosomes affect multiple autocrine and paracrine cellular phenotypes. Understanding the function of exosomes requires a variety of tools, including live imaging. Our previous live-cell reporter, pHluorin-CD63, allows dynamic subcellular monitoring of exosome secretion in migrating and spreading cells.

Relationship between antidepressant therapy and risk for cardiovascular events in patients with and without cardiovascular disease.

Objective: The American Heart Association has endorsed depression as a cardiac risk factor and recommends screening as part of routine practice. This has been met with controversy due to inconsistencies in the data linking depression treatment to better cardiovascular outcomes. Our objective was to prospectively assess the association between depression treatment (defined as being prescribed antidepressant medication) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients referred for exercise stress tests.

Factors associated with study completion in patients with premature acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Factors associated with study completion in younger adults are not well understood. This study sought to describe psychosocial, clinical, and demographic features associated with completion of a study of men and women with premature acute coronary syndrome.

Methods: As part of the GENdEr and Sex determInantS of cardiovascular disease: From bench to beyond-Premature Acute Coronary Syndrome (GENESIS-PRAXY) study, demographic, psychosocial, and clinical variables were assessed in 1213 patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome (≤ 55 years; 30% women).

Sex Differences in Clinical Outcomes After Premature Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Background: Over past decades, the incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has increased in young women, and greater mortality rates after discharge were observed among young women vs men. We revisited this issue with contemporary data from the Gender and Sex Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease: From Bench to Beyond Premature Acute Coronary Syndrome (GENESIS-PRAXY), a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Methods: One thousand two hundred thirteen patients were enrolled in GENESIS-PRAXY from 26 centres across Canada, the United States, and Switzerland between January 2009 and April 2013.

The Contribution of Gender to Apparent Sex Differences in Health Status Among Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: While it has been identified that gender (socially manufactured roles, behaviors, expressions, and identities) plays a central role in men's and women's health, the distinction between gender and sex (biological attributes) has largely been ignored in health science research. The purpose of this study was to look at the unique contributions of sex, age, and the Gender Index (GI) to baseline health status in a cohort of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Participants And Methods: Questions that comprised the GI were included in the follow-up questionnaire sent to patients in the APPROACH registry.

Premature cardiovascular disease following a history of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy.

Background: Following an episode of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) women have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease over their lifetime. At the time of acute coronary syndrome we compared clinical information between women with and without a history of hypertension in pregnancy to gain further insight into the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease in this population.

Methods: GENESIS-PRAXY (GENdEr and Sex determInantS of cardiovascular disease: from bench to beyond-PRemature Acute Coronary SYdrome) is a prospective multicenter study, with recruitment between January 2009 and April 2013, including 242 parous women with premature acute coronary syndrome.

Do Women With Anxiety or Depression Have Higher Rates of Myocardial Ischemia During Exercise Testing Than Men?

Background: Women diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) typically experience worse outcomes relative to men, possibly through diagnosis and treatment delays. Reasons for these delays may be influenced by mood and anxiety disorders, which are more prevalent in women and have symptoms (eg, palpitations and fatigue) that may be confounded with CAD. Our study examined sex differences in the association between mood and anxiety disorders and myocardial ischemia in patients with and without a CAD history presenting for exercise stress tests.

Sex Versus Gender-Related Characteristics: Which Predicts Outcome After Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Young?

Background: "Gender" reflects social norms for women and men, whereas "sex" defines biological characteristics. Gender-related characteristics explain some differences in access to care for premature acute coronary syndrome (ACS); whether they are associated with cardiovascular outcomes is unknown.

Objectives: This study estimated associations between gender and sex with recurrent ACS and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (e.

Relative associations between depression and anxiety on adverse cardiovascular events: does a history of coronary artery disease matter? A prospective observational study.

Objectives: To assess whether depression and anxiety increase the risk of mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), among patients with and without coronary artery disease (CAD).

Design And Setting, And Patients: DECADE (Depression Effects on Coronary Artery Disease Events) is a prospective observational study of 2390 patients referred at the Montreal Heart Institute. Patients were followed for 8.

Potential factors associated with fruit and vegetable intake after premature acute coronary syndrome: a prospective cohort study.

Studies on dietary changes and their associated factors are limited, particularly with respect to younger cardiovascular patients. Our objective was to evaluate the factors associated with fruit and vegetable intake among adults with premature acute coronary syndrome (ACS) 1 year after the event. We used data from GENESIS-PRAXY, a multicentre prospective study of adults aged 18-55 years, hospitalised for ACS.

Sex differences in health behavior change after premature acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Limited information is available on the health behavior profile of patients with premature acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The purpose of this study is to desribe the health bahvior of young patients with ACS at the baseline and 1 year post-ACS and examine sex differences.

Methods: GENESIS-PRAXY is a prospective cohort study of adults (18-55 years old) hospitalized with ACS from 26 centers located in Canada, United States, and Switzerland.

A composite measure of gender and its association with risk factors in patients with premature acute coronary syndrome.

Objective: To create a gender index by using principal component analyses (PCA) and logistic regression, and to determine the association between gender, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with premature acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: GENESIS-PRAXY is a cohort study including ACS patients aged 55 years or below, and with ACS recruited between 2009 and 2013 from 26 centres across Canada, the United States, and Switzerland. A sample of 1075 patients was used for this study.

Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of Sex Differences in Depression and Prognosis in Persons With Myocardial Infarction: A MINDMAPS Study.

Objective: Using combined individual patient data from prospective studies, we explored sex differences in depression and prognosis post-myocardial infarction (MI) and determined whether disease indices could account for found differences.

Methods: Individual patient data analysis of 10,175 MI patients who completed diagnostic interviews or depression questionnaires from 16 prospective studies from the MINDMAPS study was conducted. Multilevel logistic and Cox regression models were used to determine sex differences in prevalence of depression and sex-specific effects of depression on subsequent outcomes.

Health-related quality of life in premature acute coronary syndrome: does patient sex or gender really matter?

Background: Limited data exist as to the relative contribution of sex and gender on health-related quality of life (HRQL) among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aims to evaluate the effect of sex and gender-related variables on long-term HRQL among young adults with ACS.

Methods And Results: GENESIS-PRAXY (GENdEr and Sex determInantS of cardiovascular disease: from bench to beyond-Premature Acute Coronary SYndrome) is a multicenter, prospective cohort study (January 2009 to August 2013) of adults aged 18 to 55 years, hospitalized with ACS.

The interaction between anxiety and depressive symptoms on brachial artery reactivity in cardiac patients.

The association between anxiety, depression, and endothelial function (EF) was assessed in a sample of 295 cardiac outpatients (n=222 men; mean age=59). Patients were administered the Beck Depression Inventory-II and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, trait scale. EF was assessed through forearm hyperemic reactivity, a nuclear medicine variation of the flow-mediated dilatation technique, which calculates the rate of uptake ratio (RUR) between hyperaemic and non-hyperaemic arms.

Sex-related differences in access to care among patients with premature acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Access to care may be implicated in disparities between men and women in death after acute coronary syndrome, especially among younger adults. We aimed to assess sex-related differences in access to care among patients with premature acute coronary syndrome and to identify clinical and gender-related determinants of access to care.

Methods: We studied 1123 patients (18-55 yr) admitted to hospital for acute coronary syndrome and enrolled in the GENESIS-PRAXY cohort study.

Depression and disease severity in patients with premature acute coronary syndrome.

Objectives: The association between depression and cardiovascular disease severity in younger patients has not been assessed, and sex differences are unknown. We assessed whether major depression and depressive symptoms were associated with worse cardiovascular disease severity in patients with premature acute coronary syndrome, and we assessed sex differences in these relationships.

Methods: We enrolled 1023 patients (aged ≤ 55 years) hospitalized with acute coronary syndrome from 26 centers in Canada, the United States, and Switzerland, through the GENdEr and Sex determInantS of cardiovascular disease: From bench to beyond-Premature Acute Coronary Syndrome study.

Sex- and gender-related risk factor burden in patients with premature acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Few contemporary data exist on traditional (TRF) and non-TRF (NTRF) burden in patients with premature acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: Prevalence of TRFs and NTRFs were measured in 1015 young (55 years old or younger) ACS patients recruited from 26 centres in Canada, the United States, and Switzerland. Risk factors were compared across sex and family history categories, and against a sample of the general Canadian population based on the 2000-2001 Canadian Community Health Survey.

Sex differences in acute coronary syndrome symptom presentation in young patients.

Importance: Little is known about whether sex differences in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presentation exist in young patients and what factors determine absence of chest pain in ACS presentation.

Objectives: To evaluate sex differences in ACS presentation and to estimate associations between sex, sociodemographic, gender identity, psychosocial and clinical factors, markers of coronary disease severity, and absence of chest pain in young patients with ACS.

Design, Setting, Participants: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 1015 patients (30% women) 55 years or younger, hospitalized for ACS and enrolled in the GENESIS PRAXY (Gender and Sex Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease: From Bench to Beyond Premature Acute Coronary Syndrome) study (January 2009-September 2012).