Six-month and 1-year continuation rates following postpartum insertion of implants and intrauterine devices.

Objective: Studies show immediate postpartum (PP) insertion increases use of contraceptive implants and intrauterine devices (IUDs). Our objective was to compare the satisfaction and continuation rates of the two types of devices at 6 months and 1 year following PP insertion.

Study Design: We enrolled 133 women in a prospective cohort study following immediate PP insertion of an implant or IUD at two academic hospitals during 8 months of 2011.

Immediate placement of intrauterine devices after first and second trimester pregnancy termination.

Background: We reviewed our experience with intrauterine device (IUD) placement after surgical abortion up to 20 weeks' gestation.

Study Design: Women presenting for elective abortion between January 2004 and March 2009 who requested an IUD were included in this retrospective review.

Results: Of 308 women requesting postabortion IUD placement, 221 (72%) planned insertion at the time of abortion (immediate group) and 87 (28%) planned insertion at their postoperative visit (interval group).

Reduced incidence of gestational diabetes with bariatric surgery.

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for obesity. Our objective was to determine the association of bariatric surgery with the incidence of GDM and related complications.

Study Design: We performed a retrospective study comparing rates of GDM and related outcomes (including cesarean section, large-for-gestational-age infant, shoulder dystocia, and infection) between a group of women with a delivery before bariatric surgery and a group with a delivery after bariatric surgery.

Findings associated with recurrence of bacterial vaginosis among adolescents attending sexually transmitted diseases clinics.

Study Objective: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common infection and has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including preterm birth, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and acquisition of HIV. There are limited data on recurrent BV in adolescents. A relationship between the frequency of BV recurrence and specific risk factors might shed light on the pathophysiology of BV and lead to targeted interventions.

Factors associated with increased charges for hysterectomy.

Objective: To evaluate factors associated with increased hospital charges for hysterectomy with specific attention to differences based on surgical approach.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 686 patients who underwent hysterectomy between January 1997 and September 1997 using medical chart review and hospital financial information. Demographic information, surgical approach (abdominal, vaginal, or laparoscopic), and surgical and postoperative factors were extracted from the medical record.

Prophylactic antibiotic administration prior to hysterectomy: a quality improvement initiative.

Objective: To determine whether institution of a preoperative antibiotic policy could increase the use of prophylactic antibiotics prior to hysterectomy.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study of 400 women who underwent abdominal, vaginal or laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign indications at Women and Infants Hospital was performed. Rates and timing of prophylactic preoperative antibiotic administration were determined, as were the rates of postoperative febrile morbidity.