[Fitness to drive : general aspects in 2017].

General practitioners, as well as many specialized physicians, are frequently confronted with the issue of fitness to drive for their patients. This is for periodically examinations imposed by the cantonal authority but also during their usual consultations. Any physician is supposed to identify situations where his (her) patient is unfit to drive and has an obligation of information.

[Fitness to drive: which assessment by doctors in 2008?].

Medical problems related to car driving are more and more complex and frequent. In the most areas of Switzerland each doctor can be asked to assess the fitness to drive of his patients. Several guidelines from medical societies have been published recently in Switzerland.

Assessment of hepatic glucose metabolism by indirect calorimetry in combination with a non-invasive technique using naturally enriched 13C glucose in healthy children and adolescents.

The metabolic fate of hepatic glucose can be best studied using invasive techniques such as tracer infusions and frequent blood sampling which have been revealed to be impractical in the pediatric age group. The aim of this study was to develop a non-invasive method based on indirect calorimetry and expired 13CO2 monitoring in order to gain insight into the mechanisms leading to impaired glucose tolerance in children and teenagers. As a first step, net glucose oxidation (NGO) and energy expenditure (EE) were measured in 47 subjects (range 7.

Metabolism of oral glucose in children born small for gestational age: evidence for an impaired whole body glucose oxidation.

Epidemiological studies indicate that intrauterine growth restriction confers an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in subsequent life. Several studies have further documented the presence of insulin resistance in young adults or adolescent children born small for gestational age. Since most studies addressed postpubertal individuals, and since puberty markedly affects energy metabolism, we evaluated the disposal of oral glucose in a group including mainly prepubertal and early pubertal children with intrauterine growth restriction and in healthy age- and weight-matched control children.