Resting-state alterations in emotion salience and default-mode network connectivity in atypical trajectories of psychotic-like experiences.

Social cognition is commonly altered in people with psychosis. Two main brain networks have been implicated: the default-mode network (DMN), which is associated with socio-cognitive processing, and the salience network (SN) associated with socio-affective processing. Disturbances to the resting-state functional connectivity of these networks have been identified in schizophrenia and high-risk individuals, but there have been no studies in adolescents displaying distinct trajectories of subclinical psychotic-like experiences (PLEs).

Neurocognitive consequences of adolescent sleep disruptions and their relationship to psychosis vulnerability: a longitudinal cohort study.

Adolescence is a key period for neurocognitive maturation where deviation from normal developmental trajectories may be tied to adverse mental health outcomes. Cognitive disruptions have been noted in populations at risk for psychosis and are known to accompany periods of sleep deprivation. This study aims to assess the role of cognition as a mediator between sleep disruptions and psychosis risk.

Sleep as a Mediator Between Cannabis Use and Psychosis Vulnerability: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Objectives: Increasing evidence implicates cannabis consumption as a key risk factor in the development of psychosis, but the mechanisms underpinning this relationship remain understudied. This study proposes to determine whether sleep disruption acts as a mediator of the cannabis-to-psychosis relationship.

Study Design: This longitudinal study assessed measures of cannabis use frequency, sleep quality (SQ), and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) were collected using self-reported questionnaires.

A functional neuroimaging study of self-other processing alterations in atypical developmental trajectories of psychotic-like experiences.

Self-disturbances constitute a hallmark of psychosis, but it remains unclear whether these alterations are present in at-risk populations, and therefore their role in the development of psychosis has yet to be confirmed. The present study addressed this question by measuring neural correlates of self-other processing in youth belonging to three developmental trajectories of psychotic experiences. Eighty-six youths were recruited from a longitudinal cohort of over 3800 adolescents based on their trajectories of Psychotic-Like Experiences from 12 to 16 years of age.

Weight change-related factors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based cross-sectional study using social cognitive theory.

Background: Published studies during the Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic have focused on eating and exercise behaviors and failed to portray a comprehensive understanding of the factors associated with weight change in a setting of a behavioral change framework. This study explores factors associated with weight change during the COVID-19 pandemic among Lebanese residents using the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) framework, integrating behavioral, environmental, and cognitive factors.

Materials & Methods: This study uses a cross-sectional design using an anonymous online survey.

Neural alterations of emotion processing in atypical trajectories of psychotic-like experiences.

The aim of this study was to investigate the neural bases of facial emotion processing before the onset of clinical psychotic symptoms in youth belonging to well-defined developmental trajectories of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). A unique sample of 86 youths was recruited from a population-based sample of over 3800 adolescents who had been followed from 13 to 17 years of age. Three groups were identified based on validated developmental trajectories: a control trajectory with low and decreasing PLEs, and two atypical trajectories with moderate to elevated baseline PLEs that subsequently decreased or increased.

Acute effects of ketamine and esketamine on cognition in healthy subjects: A meta-analysis.

Background: Impairment in cognition is frequently associated with acute ketamine administration. However, some questions remain unanswered as to which deficits are most prominent and what variables modulate these effects.

Methods: A literature search yielded 56 experimental studies of acute ketamine administration that assessed cognition in 1041 healthy volunteers.

Acute effects of partial CB receptor agonists on cognition - A meta-analysis of human studies.

Background: Impairment in cognition is frequently associated with acute cannabis consumption. However, some questions remain unanswered as to which deficits are most prominent and which demographic groups are most vulnerable.

Methods: A literature search yielded 52 experimental studies of acute administration of partial CB receptor agonists (i.

Peripheral Endogenous Cannabinoid Levels Are Increased in Schizophrenia Patients Evaluated in a Psychiatric Emergency Setting.

Background: The endogenous cannabinoid system mediates the psychoactive effects of cannabis in the brain. It has been argued that this system may play a key role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. While some studies have consistently shown that the levels of anandamide, an endogenous cannabinoid ligand, are increased in the cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenia patients, inconsistent results have been observed in studies measuring anandamide levels in the periphery.