Effects of antioxidants on in vitro growth of Thecaphora frezzii.

Aims: Thecaphora frezzii, the causal agent of peanut smut, causes significant grain losses in Argentina. Current control strategies are insufficient to manage this pathogen. We investigate the effect of antioxidants on the in vitro development of T.

Eudragit Films as Carriers of Lipoic Acid for Transcorneal Permeability.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent disease affecting almost 10% of the world population; it is characterized by acute and chronic conditions. Diabetic patients have twenty-five times higher risk of going blind and developing cataracts early than the general population. Alpha-lipoic acid (LA) is a highly valuable natural antioxidant for the prevention and treatment of ophthalmic complications, such as diabetic keratopathy and retinopathy.

Expression and localization of tubulin isotypes and its mRNAs during Thecaphora frezii developments.

Thecaphora frezii is a phytopathogenic fungus that infects Arachys hypogaea L. and produces peanut smut. It has three ontological stages teliospores, basidiospores, and hyphae.

Biocompatible Hydrogel for Intra-Articular Implantation Comprising Cationic and Anionic Polymers of Natural Origin: In Vivo Evaluation in a Rabbit Model.

We describe the functional capability of a cross-linked hydrogel composed of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and a cationic cellulose by conducting trials on experimental animal models using intra-articular implants to treat an articular disease called osteoarthritis. Forty-eight mature New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three experimental groups: A, B, and C. Group A and B underwent unilateral anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) of the right knee.

Self-assembled micelles of the (lipo) glycopeptides, teicoplanin, as taxane nanocarriers.

The use of nanoparticles is one of the strategies currently studied to minimize the toxicity and lack of tissue specificity of many cancer drugs used in chemotherapy. In this research the physicochemical and biological behavior of a novel self-assembled nanostructure of the antibiotic Teicoplanin (Teico) was characterized as a nanocarrier system for solubilizing highly hydrophobic drugs like Paclitaxel (Ptx) in aqueous media. The Teico micelles were loaded with Ptx in DMSO or PEG-400.

Testosterone-loaded GM1 micelles targeted to the intracellular androgen receptor for the specific induction of genomic androgen signaling.

Androgens play a central role in homeostatic and pathological processes of the prostate gland. At the cellular level, testosterone activates both the genomic signaling pathway, through the intracellular androgen receptor (AR), and membrane-initiated androgen signaling (MIAS), by plasma membrane receptors. We have previously shown that the activation of MIAS induces uncontrolled proliferation and fails to stimulate the beneficial immunomodulatory effects of testosterone in prostatic cells, becoming necessary to investigate if genomic signaling mediates homeostatic effects of testosterone.

Ibuprofen, a traditional drug that may impact the course of COVID-19 new effective formulation in nebulizable solution.

The traditional formulation of ibuprofen is poorly soluble in water, so the administered dose must be 10 times higher than the dose required for a therapeutic effect. The development of a hydrosoluble form of ibuprofen can be a strategy to reach a high concentration in the lungs by using modern inhalation devices. Therefore, the development of an inhalable formulation with high bioavailability in the lungs was the leitmotiv of our investigation.

Monosialoganglioside GM1 reduces toxicity of Ptx and increase anti-metastasic effect in a murine mammary cancer model.

Having demonstrated the ability of monosialoganglioside GM1 micelles as oncology drug transporter, this work focuses on evaluating its application in an in vivo system, studying the toxicity and antitumoral effect of GM1-Ptx micellar formulation. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) obtained after intravenous administration of GM1-Ptx in mice was 55 mg/kg and the 50% lethal dose (LD50) was 70 mg/kg. This value is higher than those described for the commercial formulations TAXOL and ABRAXANE, with LD50 of 30 and 45 mg/kg respectively.

High Concentrations of Sodium Chloride Improve Microbicidal Activity of Ibuprofen against Common Cystic Fibrosis Pathogens.

Ibuprofen (IBU-H), a widely used anti-inflammatory, also shows a marked antimicrobial effect against several bacterial species, including those involved in cystic fibrosis such as , methicillin resistant and complex. Additionally, our results show significant synergy between water soluble Na-ibuprofen (IBU-Na) and ionic strength. Salt concentrations above 0.

Silver Nanoparticles with High Loading Capacity of Amphotericin B: Characterization, Bactericidal and Antifungal Effects.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the most appropriate conditions to generate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) loaded with a potent antimycotic drug like amphotericin B (AmB), characterize the physicochemical properties, and to evaluate the cytotoxic effect and biological activity of these new nanostructures as a potential nanocarrier for hydrophobic drugs. It was determined that the optimal molar ratio between Ag and AmB is 1/1 given the uniformity of size around 170 nm of the nanoparticles generated as well as their strongly negative ζ potential of -35 mV, a condition that favors repulsions between AgNPs and inhibiting their aggregation. In this condition, only 0.

Sialoganglioside Micelles for Enhanced Paclitaxel Solubility: In Vitro Characterization.

Efficiency of mono-sialogangliosides to load Paclitaxel (Ptx) has recently been found to depend on the structure of the polysaccharide chain. In this study, we demonstrated that incorporation of only one more sialic acid into the ganglioside molecule, independently of its position, causes a 4-fold increase in Ptx-loading capacity, the maximum being at a 5:1 molar ratio (di-sialoganglioside/Paclitaxel, GD/Ptx). These complexes are stable in solution for at least 3 months, and over 90% of Ptx remains loaded in the micelles after extreme stress conditions such as high-speed centrifugation, lyophilization, or freeze-thaw cycles.

Thermodynamic and Kinetic Aspects Involved in the Development of Nanocarriers and Drug Delivery Systems Based on Cationic Biopolymers.

During the last years we have seen an increasing number of reports describing new properties and potential applications of cationic polymers and derived nanostructures. This review gives a summary of their applications in drug delivery, the preparation methods for nano and microstructures and will attempt to give a glimpse on how their structure, chemical composition and properties may be affected or modulated as to make them suitable for an intended application as drug delivery nanocarriers. The compositional complexity with the existence of several reacting groups makes cationic nanostructures critically sensitive to the contribution of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters in the determination of the type and stability of a particular structure and its ability to respond to changes in environmental conditions in the right time frame.

Biochemical characterization of the interactions between doxorubicin and lipidic GM1 micelles with or without paclitaxel loading.

Doxorubicin (Dox) is an anthracycline anticancer drug with high water solubility, whose use is limited primarily due to significant side effects. In this study it is shown that Dox interacts with monosialoglycosphingolipid (GM1) ganglioside micelles primarily through hydrophobic interactions independent of pH and ionic strength. In addition, Dox can be incorporated even into GM1 micelles already containing highly hydrophobic paclitaxel (Ptx).

Biochemical characterization of GM1 micelles-Amphotericin B interaction.

In this work a thorough characterization of the GM1 micelle-Amphotericin B (AmB) interaction was performed. The micelle formation as well as the drug loading occurs spontaneously, although influenced by the physicochemical conditions, pH and temperature. The chromatographic profile of GM1-AmB complexes at different molar ratios shows the existence of two populations.

Ocular biocompatibility of polyquaternium 10 gel: functional and morphological results.

This paper deals with the characterization study of topical and intraocular biocompatibility and toxicity of cationic hydroxyethylcellulose Polyquaternium 10 (PQ10). It also evaluates the rheological properties of gels. The cytotoxicity assays were done in two cell lines: HEp-2 and VERO (human larynx epidermoid carcinoma cell and African green monkey kidney cells respectively).

Characterization and bacterial adhesion of chitosan-perfluorinated acid films.

We reported herein the study and characterization of films obtained by casting of chitosan solutions in perfluorinated acids, trifluoroacetic (TFA), perfluoropropionic (PFPA), and perfluorooctanoic (PFOA). The films were characterized by FTIR, solid state (13)C NMR, X-ray, AFM, contact angle, thermogravimetric effluent analysis by mass spectrometry, and rheology. The results showed a marked influence of chain length of the perfluorinated acids on the hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratio of the modified chitosan films which was evidenced by the different characteristics observed.

Self-assembled micelles of monosialogangliosides as nanodelivery vehicles for taxanes.

We demonstrate herein that taxanes (paclitaxel (Ptx) and docetaxel (Dtx)) can be spontaneously loaded into ganglioside nanomicelles. The efficiency of gangliosides to solubilize taxanes was highly dependent on their self-aggregating structure. Thus, GM3 that forms unilamellar vesicles was less efficient to solubilize taxanes than gangliosides that form micelles (i.

Superstimulation of ovarian follicular development in beef cattle with a single intramuscular injection of Folltropin-V.

The need to inject FSH twice daily for superstimulation of ovarian follicular development in cattle necessitates frequent attention by farm-personnel and increases the possibility of failures due to mishandling and errors in administration of treatments. A series of three experiments were designed to evaluate the feasibility of superstimulation in beef cattle with a single intramuscular (IM) injection of Folltropin-V diluted in a hyaluronan-based slow-release formulation (SRF). In Experiment 1, cows were assigned to one of three treatment groups to compare two methods of injection as compared to the twice daily IM injection protocol.

Eudragit E100 surface activity and lipid interactions.

Eudragit E100 (E100) is a cationic methacrylate polymer that interacts with viral and cell membranes. We studied the effect of pH, ionic strength and the presence of lipid monolayers on the surface activity of the polymer. E100 forms stable monolayers at the air-water interface, either by spreading or when added into the subphase.

Characterization of physicochemical properties of perfluorodecanoic acid-polyquaternium cellulose hydrogel.

We investigated the nature and stability of the interactions established between polyquaternium (PQ10) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) in terms of different variables such as composition, ionic strength, pH and temperature. The PQ10-PFDA complex formation is interpreted in view of electrostatic associations between carboxylic and quaternary amino group. The properties of the systems were characterized by rheology analysis.

Characterization of the inhibition of enveloped virus infectivity by the cationic acrylate polymer eudragit E100.

The antiviral effects of the cationic acrylate polymer E100 on a panel of lipid-enveloped viruses and the interactions involved are studied. The treatment of several common viruses with E100 induced a dose-dependent inhibition of the infectivity of viruses below the detection limit of the assays employed. Similarly, the treatment of human sera infected with HIV or HCV reduced virus RNA plasma levels to undetectable values.

Reversible precipitation of casein micelles with a cationic hydroxyethylcellulose.

The cationic hydroxyethylcellulose Polyquaternium 10 (PQ10) was found to produce a dose-dependent destabilization of casein micelles from whole or skim milk without affecting the stability of most of the whey proteins. The anionic phosphate residues on caseins were not determinant in the observed interaction since the destabilization was also observed with dephosphorylated caseins to the same extent. However, the precipitation process was completely inhibited by rising NaCl concentration, indicating an important role of electrostatic interactions.

Amphipathic and membrane-destabilizing properties of the cationic acrylate polymer Eudragit E100.

The cationic acrylate polymer Eudragit E100 (E100) produces a biphasic effect on the stability of casein micelles disrupting their internal structure. These results suggested that this polymer could have some amphipathic character. Therefore, in this study the polymer was characterized with respect to its interaction with different amphipathic systems (bile-acid micelles, lipoproteins and liposomes), cell membranes (red blood cells) and virus membranes (Herpes simplex type 2 virus).

Interaction of a cationic acrylate polymer with caseins: biphasic effect of Eudragit E100 on the stability of casein micelles.

When whole or skim milk was incubated with the cationic acrylate polymer Eudragit E100, a biphasic effect on the stability of casein micelles was observed. A precipitation phase was observed at low polymer/casein ratios. Strikingly, a solubilization phase of the aggregates was observed when the ratios of polymer/casein were increased.