Updates: Outbreak Evaluation through Molecular Assays and Antifungal Stewardship-A Narrative Review.

was reported by the WHO as second to , in the list of nineteen fungal priority pathogens, along with two species with a new nomenclature, () and (). This novel classification was based on antifungal resistance, the number of deaths, evidence-based treatment, access to diagnostics, annual incidence, and complications and sequelae. We assessed which molecular assays have been used to diagnose outbreaks in the last five years.

The Optimal Management of Infections.

is one of the most frequent etiologic agents of STDs (sexually transmitted diseases). Untreated asymptomatic gonococcal infection in women can lead to spreading of the infection in the sexually active population and could lead to late consequences, such as sterility or ectopic pregnancies. One important issue about is its increasing resistance to antibiotics.

Host mRNA Analysis of Periodontal Disease Patients Positive for , and .

Periodontal disease is a frequent pathology worldwide, with a constantly increasing prevalence. For the optimal management of periodontal disease, there is a need to take advantage of actual technology to understand the bacterial etiology correlated with the pathogenic mechanisms, risk factors and treatment protocols. We analyzed the scientific literature published in the last 5 years regarding the recent applications of mRNA analysis in periodontal disease for the main known bacterial species considered to be the etiological agents: , and We identified new pathogenic mechanisms, therapeutic target genes and possible pathways to prevent periodontal disease.

Diagnostics of HNSCC Patients: An Analysis of Cell Lines and Patient-Derived Xenograft Models for Personalized Therapeutical Medicine.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are very frequent worldwide, and smoking and chronic alcohol use are recognized as the main risk factors. For oropharyngeal cancers, HPV 16 infection is known to be a risk factor as well. By employing next-generation sequencing, both HPV-positive and negative HNSCC patients were detected as positive for PI3K mutation, which was considered an optimal molecular target.

Merkel Cell Polyoma Virus and Cutaneous Human Papillomavirus Types in Skin Cancers: Optimal Detection Assays, Pathogenic Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Vaccination.

Oncogenic viruses are recognized to be involved in some cancers, based on very well-established criteria of carcinogenicity. For cervical cancer and liver cancer, the responsible viruses are well-known (e.g.

Postanesthetic skin erythema due to succinylcholine versus atracurium.

Intraoperative anaphylactic reactions may range from mild, erythema-like to anaphylactic shock, with tension crash and bronchospasm. The substances considered to be most responsible for the occurrence of intraoperative allergic reactions are neuromuscular blocking agents, antibiotics and latex. Recent studies have identified a new receptor, Mas-Related G-Protein-coupled Receptor X2 (MRGPRX2), considered as a target for some neuromuscular blockers such as atracurium, rocuronium or fluoroquinolone, resulting in pseudoallergic or anaphylactoid reactions.

Update in pediatric primary brain tumors - from histology to genetically defined tumors.

In childhood and in adolescence, primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are the second most common malignancy after leukemia. The most common entities are gliomas, craniopharyngiomas and embryonal tumors, including primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the CNS, such as medulloblastoma. Proper management of malignancies requires a histological diagnosis, especially in childhood, since diagnostic errors have a significant negative influence on the treatment and subsequently on the patient's care.

Long-term survival in a patient with advanced gastric cancer and metachronous right-sided colon cancer.

Gastrointestinal carcinomas represent the most common cancers worldwide. The coexistence of gastric cancer with metachronous colon cancer represents a rare phenomenon, and the prognosis of the patient is poor. We present here a case of an elderly patient with primary gastric intestinal type well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (pT3N0, stage IIA) who developed a metachronous right-sided colon cancer diagnosed and treated after 11 years from the first surgical intervention.

Surgical management of pulmonary hydatidosis in children.

Unlabelled: Cystic echinococcosis (CE), the most common manifestation of the infestation with the larval form of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, is a public health problem in endemic areas such as Moldavia.

Aim: To retrospectively analyze pediatric patients who underwent surgery for pulmonary hydatid cyst over a 5-year period in order to assess the need for extensive lung resection.

Material And Methods: In the interval January 2007 - January 2012 30 pediatric patients with pulmonary hydatid cyst were surgically treated in the Department of Pediatric Surgery at the Iasi "St.

Epidemiological aspects of hydatidosis in children, in some areas of north-eastern Romania.

Unlabelled: Hydatid cyst is a major public health problem in the pediatric population, both in terms of its frequency and of its endemic character in certain regions. The aim of the study was to present the incidence of hydatidosis in children who were hospitalized in pediatric clinics specialized in surgery of the Emergency Hospital for Children "St. Maria" from lasi.

Correlation between asthma and Toxocara canis infection.

Unlabelled: The aim of the current study was to examine the relationship between asthma and toxocariasis.

Material And Methods: We have studied 76 patients with asthma and 88 controls (without asthma) aged 5-16 years. An ELISA test based on the detection of anti-Toxocara canis (E/S antigen) serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and E (IgE) was done in both groups.