A highly resolved network reveals the role of terrestrial herbivory in structuring aboveground food webs.

Comparative studies suggest remarkable similarities among food webs across habitats, including systematic changes in their structure with diversity and complexity (scale-dependence). However, historic aboveground terrestrial food webs (ATFWs) have coarsely grouped plants and insects such that these webs are generally small, and herbivory is disproportionately under-represented compared to vertebrate predator-prey interactions. Furthermore, terrestrial herbivory is thought to be structured by unique processes compared to size-structured feeding in other systems.

Positioning the Bariatric Amputee: A Case Report.

Traumatic lower limb amputation has been identified as a major risk factor for obesity and metabolic diseases. Surgery in amputees with obesity poses significant complexities with physical and logistical issues of positioning and ergonomics. A 64-year-old gentleman with a history bilateral above knee amputation, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obstructive sleep apnea was worked up for bariatric surgery.

Assessment of Autonomy in Operative Procedures Among Female and Male New Zealand General Surgery Trainees.

Importance: The need for trainee sex equality within surgical training has resulted in an appraisal of the training experience in the New Zealand general surgery training program.

Objective: To investigate the association between trainee sex and surgical autonomy in the operating room in the New Zealand general surgery training program.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Retrospective cohort study conducted from December 10, 2012, to December 10, 2017, examining all endoscopic, major, and minor procedures performed by all New Zealand general surgery trainees in every training hospital in New Zealand.

Gastroduodenal Artery Aneurysm: A Case Report and Concise Review of Literature.

Gastroduodenal artery (GDA) aneurysm is a rare but potentially fatal vascular disease, with chronic pancreatitis being reported as the commonest aetiological factor. Its main complication is rupture, which is not uncommon and carries high risk of mortality. Clinical suspicion and advanced imaging tools should be employed in a timely fashion to make a diagnosis before this ominous event.

To infiltrate or not? Acute effects of local anaesthetic in breast surgery.

Background: There is limited evidence to support use of local anaesthetic (LA) wound infiltration in breast surgery. This study seeks to examine whether wound infiltration of bupivacaine (0.25%) decreases post-operative pain and analgesic use, without increasing post-operative complications.