Nonablative transurethral Erbium:YAG laser treatment for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: A prospective comparative study.

Aims: This prospective study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes between the use of Erbium:YAG (Er:YAG) laser in a nonablative mode, to the use of the pharmacological treatment of oral tadalafil for the treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).

Methods: The laser group received two sessions of Erbium:YAG laser, administered intraurethrally in a long, nonablative train of long pulses (SMOOTH™ mode), applied at the level of the male prostatic urethra. Tadalafil group received oral tadalafil at a dose of 5 mg/day, consecutively for 2 months.

Brazilian Environmental-Economic Accounting for Water: A structural decomposition analysis.

The UN Sustainable Development Goals constitute a bench of directives with a universal scope to establish actions to mitigate poverty and protect the environment. Benefiting from the Environmental-Economic Accounting for Water recently published in Brazil, it is possible to harmonize the demand of water and the economic sectors. To this end, this study conducted an input-output analysis and structural decomposition analysis to explore the water consumption of the Brazilian Economy and its driving forces during an unprecedented drought and economic recession between 2013 and 2015.

Analysis of potential for reducing emissions of greenhouse gases in municipal solid waste in Brazil, in the state and city of Rio de Janeiro.

This paper examines potential changes in solid waste policies for the reduction in GHG for the country of Brazil and one of its major states and cities, Rio de Janeiro, from 2005 to 2030. To examine these policy options, trends in solid waste quantities and associated GHG emissions are derived. Three alternative policy scenarios are evaluated in terms of effectiveness, technology, and economics and conclusions posited regarding optimal strategies for Brazil to implement.

Strategic environmental assessment of mining activities: A methodology for quantification of cumulative impacts on the air quality.

Environmental impact assessments in Brazil have usually focused solely on project-related issues without considering the regional context. Although required by current environmental legislation, cumulative impact assessments have not been included in the overall environmental assessment of projects. However, in recent Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) studies of policies, plans, and programs undertaken on a voluntary basis in support of the decision-making process, this kind of assessment has been performed especially with respect to air quality.

[Health and environmental indicator systems in health institutions].

This article presents a discussion on conceptual and methodological aspects involved in the establishment of a system of indicators for Health and Environment, with the purpose of integrating the management of research, education and health services institutes while also taking Biosafety into account. The initial task was the study of international indicator models, paying special attention to the World Health Organization model, more apropriate to this article, which was used in the process of collection, organization and synthesis of data. This work aims to create methodological instruments for the monitoring and evaluation of these procedures and support the decision making process.

Management challenges on small-scale gold mining activities in Brazil.

This article presents a focused study of environmental management in small-scale gold mining, called garimpo, at the Tapajós River in the Amazon basin (Brazil). Environmental management is necessary in this very important area not only for Brazil but for the general world welfare. The fact that this is a very dispersed area, with a very low economic and education level, complicates the issues.

Cell loss and proliferation in non-small cell lung carcinoma: correlation with histological subtype.

Background: Cell kinetic data are important indicators of the aggressiveness of tumor and treatment response. The size of a neoplasm depends on the balance between cell proliferation and death. Thus, the analysis of the kinetics of cell proliferation and death may explain differences in the rates of tumour progression.

Myofibrosarcoma of the breast: review of the literature on myofibroblastic tumors and criteria for defining myofibroblastic differentiation.

A case of myofibrosarcoma of the breast is described. A 55-year-old woman presented with a small mammary nodule. A large recurrent lesions appeared a month later, and the patient died 11 months following initial presentation from diffuse pleuropulmonary metastases.

Divergent differentiative histogenetic lines in lung tumors: identification of histotypes with pure or mixed ultrastructural phenotype and their prognostic significance.

We performed an electron microscopic study of 50 lung tumors, previously diagnosed by light microscopy, and compared the results of the two techniques. Data analysis identified two ultrastructural phenotypes: pure and mixed. The former was characterized by a constant differentiative pattern and the latter by diverging differentiative histogenetic lines.

Anaplastic large cell Ki-1 lymphoma of the stomach with villopodial projections: an immunocytochemical and ultrastructural study and review of the literature.

The report describes a case of anaplastic large cell Ki-1 lymphoma of the stomach with a rapidly fatal course observed in a 28-year-old woman. By electron microscopy the neoplastic cells presented long projections of the cytoplasmic membrane arranged uniformly along all the cell circumference. The morphology and distribution of these projections were characteristic, and the term villopodial is proposed for them.