Comparative analysis of immunological biomarkers in COVID-19 and bacterial pneumonia.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a severe and infectious respiratory condition caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This case-control study aimed to evaluate serum levels of various immunological markers in patients with COVID-19 compared to those with bacterial pneumonia and a healthy control group. Serum samples were collected from adult participants across various COVID-19 isolation centers, including Kassala State and Ahmed Gasim Hospital, between April and June 2021.