Efficacy and safety of 250 mg versus 500 mg oral terbinafine in the treatment of tinea corporis and cruris: A randomised, assessor-blinded comparative study.

Background Though higher doses of terbinafine are often prescribed to treat dermatophyte infections, it is unknown if such doses are more effective than the conventional dose because comparative data are unavailable. Aim To compare the efficacy and safety of a once-daily dose of oral terbinafine 250 mg with 500 mg along with topical clotrimazole in the treatment of tinea infections. Methods A randomised, assessor-blinded, comparative study was carried out.

Assessment of microbiological status after successful completion of intermittent revised national tuberculosis control programme directly observed treatment, short course regimen for microbiologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis cases: While new daily regimen going to be implemented in India.

Purpose: The Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) is now introducing daily fixed-dose regimen instead of Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course (DOTS) regimen for treatment of drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB) in India. It would be beneficial to understand the drawbacks, barriers and advantages of the existing system for better implementation of new policy. Our study was aimed to evaluate the current microbiological status of new microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB patients who have successfully completed intermittent DOTS regimen within last 2 years and also to find the economic barriers faced by beneficiaries to avail DOTS treatment.

Biofilm colonization of Mycobacterium abscessus: New threat in hospital-acquired surgical site infection.

Introduction: Rapidly growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are hazardous cause of post-operative soft tissue infection leading to nosocomial outbreaks following various surgical procedures, especially laparoscopic surgeries using heat sensitive, non-autoclavable surgical instruments.

Methodology: Surgery department of our hospital noticed increase in rate of post-laparoscopic abdominal port site infection (PSI) and informed the Microbiology Department. A prospective investigational study of defined cases with the aim of source tracing and formulation of infection control measures was initiated.

Port-site infections by nontuberculous mycobacterium: A retrospective clinico-microbiological study.

Background: Port-site infection (PSI) is a prevailing, chronic, nagging, treatment refractory complication of laparoscopic surgery (LS). It neutralizes the advantages of minimally invasive surgery and increases morbidity, treatment cost of patient, leading to loss of confidence on operating surgeon. PSIs are preventable with appropriate preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative measures.

Experience of Varied Presentation of Chronic Progressive Disseminated Histoplasmosis in Immunocompetent Patients: A Diagnostic Conundrum.

We report two cases of chronic progressive disseminated histoplasmosis with unusual and rare clinical picture in a patient with no underlying risk factor. One 50-year-old male, presented with hoarseness of voice, chronic cough, with a history of nonresponding anti-tubercular therapy, revealed mucocutaneous lesions on examination. Fungating vocal cord lesions were visualized on bronchoscopy, raised suspicion of carcinoma.

Multi drug resistance and Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases in clinical isolates of Shigella: A study from New Delhi, India.

Background: Shigella is an important cause of gastroenteritis in local Indian population, as well as of traveler's diarrhea in the international visitors to India. These patients often require appropriate antimicrobial therapy; however, rapid development of antimicrobial resistance poses a major hurdle in achieving this goal.

Method: A prospective study was conducted during 2009-12 in New Delhi, India, including 6339 stool samples from gastroenteritis patients.

True Prevalence of Shigellosis in Indian Children with Acute Gastroenteritis: Have We Been Missing the Diagnosis?

Background: Shigella is responsible for high morbidity and mortality among children, yet its true prevalence remains inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine the actual prevalence of Shigella infection in childhood diarrhea and dysentery cases and assess the applicability of ipaH gene PCR in Indian settings.

Methods: This study was conducted at Maulana Azad Medical College and associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India during 2011-12.

A comparative study of conventional and molecular techniques in diagnosis of campylobacter gastroenteritis in children.

Background: Campylobacter species are a significant cause of gastroenteritis among children worldwide. Conventional methods for detection of Campylobacter spp. based on cultural isolation and biochemical tests are cumbersome and time consuming.

Enteric pathogens, immune status and therapeutic response in diarrhea in HIV/AIDS adult subjects from north India.

Intestinal infection causing diarrheal disease is a dominant contributor to high morbidity and mortality in developing countries. This intervention study aimed to assess the response of specific anti-microbial and anti-retroviral therapy (ART) on enteropathogens identified in HIV/AIDS adult subjects from northern India. Seventy five ART naive (group 1) and seventy five ART adherent (group 2) HIV/AIDS adult subjects with diarrhea were enrolled.

Increasing antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter jejuni isolated from paediatric diarrhea cases in a tertiary care hospital of new delhi, India.

Introduction: The resistance to the clinically important antimicrobial agents, particularly the fluoroquinolones and the macrolides, is increasing among the Campylobacter isolates. Only limited data is available regarding the changing antimicrobial resistance pattern in the Indian scenario.

Methodology: Three hundred fifty cases (ages ≤12years) of acute diarrhoea, who were admitted to a tertiary-care hospital, were investigated for Campylobacter spp.

Clinical and Microbiological Profile of HIV/AIDS Cases with Diarrhea in North India.

Intestinal infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) especially in developing countries. The present study was conducted to assess the clinical and microbiological spectrum in HIV/AIDS cases with diarrhea and to correlate the occurrence of such pathogens with stool characters, HIV seropositivity status, and CD4 counts. Stools from 154 HIV seropositive subjects and 50 HIV negative controls were examined by direct microscopy, fecal cultures, and serological tests (Clostridium difficile Toxin A, Cryptosporidium antigen, and Entamoeba histolytica antigen ELISA).