School-entry age and academic difficulties at 7 years of age in children born very preterm: A call for age-corrected schooling: School-entry age and academic difficulties at 7 years of age in children born very preterm.

Background: Very preterm children are at greater risk of academic difficulties (AD). Some of them start school a year earlier than anticipated during pregnancy due to being born preterm. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between neurodevelopment, school-entry age, and AD at age seven.

Assessing of executive functions in daily life in preterm children aged 3-4 years old from the "Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool version" questionnaire.

Background: Executive functions (EFs) are a set of neuropsychological skills permitting solving problems in a new situation by regulating action, behavior, and emotional response. As cerebral maturation remains vulnerable in preterm children, a higher risk of developing cognitive disorders including EFs exist compared to term children.

Aims: The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of preschool EF impairments through proxy reports in children born preterm before 34 weeks of gestational age using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool (BRIEF-P) version.

Assessing Behavioral Disorders with SDQ in Very Preterm Children at 5 Years of Age in LIFT Cohort.

Background: Preterm-born children are at risk of behavioral disorders and the systematic assessment of these disorders remains a challenge. Questions remain about the accuracy of self-reported parent questionnaires and the real everyday life behavior of the child.

Aim: To evaluate the association between SDQ reported by parents in the preterm and behavioral difficulties in the everyday school life environment reported by teacher.

A Prospective Observational Study to Assess Attachment Representations With Regard to Neurocognitive and Behavioral Outcomes in Children Born Very Prematurely in the Loire Infant Follow-Up Team (LIFT Cohort).

Context And Purpose: Prematurity is a situation that can disrupt parent-child interactions. We hypothesize that establishing relationships with parents in a context of extreme prematurity can alter the development of secure attachment representations in the child. Furthermore, we hypothesize that secure maternal representations and their possible interactions with prematurity factors prevent the development of insecure or disorganized attachment in the child.

Neonatal and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants according to maternal body mass index: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: Maternal obesity is associated with an increase in maternal, foetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationships between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and (1) neonatal outcome in preterm infants, and (2) neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of corrected age.

Method: We conducted a single-centre cohort study.

Neonatal growth velocity of preterm infants: The weight Z-score change versus Patel exponential model.

Background: Different methods are used to assess the growth of preterm infants during neonatal hospital stay. The primary objective was to compare two methods for assessing growth velocity: g/kg/d according to the Patel exponential model (EM) and change in weight z-score (ZS) according to Fenton curves. The secondary objective was to highlight factors influencing the level of agreement between the two methods.

Relative contributions of prenatal complications, perinatal characteristics, neonatal morbidities and socio-economic conditions of preterm infants on the occurrence of developmental disorders up to 7 years of age.

Background: To investigate the relative contributions of prenatal complications, perinatal characteristics, neonatal morbidities and socio-economic conditions on the occurrence of motor, sensory, cognitive, language and psychological disorders in a large longitudinal preterm infant population during the first 7 years after birth.

Methods: The study population comprised 4122 infants born at <35 weeks of gestation who were followed for an average of 74.0 months after birth.

Impact of parental separation or divorce on school performance in preterm children: A population-based study.

The objective of this study was to quantify the possible decrease in school performance at five years of age in preterm children associated with parental separation or divorce, and to test whether this effect varies according to the child's age at the time of the separation. This study included 3,308 infants delivered at < 35 weeks of gestation born between 2003 and 2011 who were enrolled in the population-based LIFT cohort and who had an optimal neurodevelopmental outcome at two years of age. These infants were evaluated by their teachers to assess their abilities and behavior when they had reached five years of age, using the Global School Adaptation (GSA) questionnaire.

Impact of preterm birth on parental separation: a French population-based longitudinal study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate both the effects of low gestational age and infant's neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of age on the risk of parental separation within 7 years of giving birth.

Design: Prospective.

Setting: 24 maternity clinics in the Pays-de-la-Loire region.

Post-term growth and cognitive development at 5 years of age in preterm children: Evidence from a prospective population-based cohort.

While the effects of growth from birth to expected term on the subsequent development of preterm children has attracted plentiful attention, less is known about the effects of post-term growth. We aimed to delineate distinct patterns of post-term growth and to determine their association with the cognitive development of preterm children. Data from a prospective population-based cohort of 3,850 surviving infants born at less than 35 weeks of gestational age were used.

Low-cost multimodal light sheet microscopy for optically cleared tissues and living specimens.

Light sheet microscopy techniques have expanded with designs to address many new applications. Due to rapid advancements in computing power, camera/detector technologies, and tissue clearing techniques, light sheet methods are becoming increasingly popular for biomedical imaging applications at the cellular and tissue levels. Light sheet imaging modalities couple rapid imaging rates, low-levels of phototoxicity, and excellent signal to noise ratios, contributing to their popularity for experimental biology.

Netrin-1-Regulated Distribution of UNC5B and DCC in Live Cells Revealed by TICCS.

Netrins are secreted proteins that direct cell migration and adhesion during development. Netrin-1 binds its receptors deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) and the UNC5 homologs (UNC5A-D) to activate downstream signaling that ultimately directs cytoskeletal reorganization. To investigate how netrin-1 regulates the dynamic distribution of DCC and UNC5 homologs, we applied fluorescence confocal and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, and sliding window temporal image cross correlation spectroscopy, to measure time profiles of the plasma membrane distribution, aggregation state, and interaction fractions of fluorescently tagged netrin receptors expressed in HEK293T cells.

Neonatal EEG and neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants born before 32 weeks.

Objective: To assess the value of neonatal EEG for predicting non-optimal neurodevelopmental outcomes in very preterm infants, using a multimodal strategy of evaluation comprising brain imaging and clinical assessment.

Design And Setting: Between 2003 and 2009, we performed an observational, population-based study. Out of 2040 eligible preterm infants born before 32 weeks, 1954 were enrolled in the French regional Loire Infant Follow-Up Team (LIFT) cohort.

The Association of Urbanicity with Cognitive Development at Five Years of Age in Preterm Children.

Objective: To determine the association of urbanicity, defined as living in an urban area, with cognitive development at five years of age in preterm children who were free of any disabilities or neurodevelopmental delays.

Design: Prospective population-based cohort.

Setting: French regional Loire Infant Follow-up Team (LIFT) network.

[Monitoring network for vulnerable children in the Pays de la Loire ("Grandir ensemble" - Cohort LIFT): 10 years of activity 2003-2013].

Introduction: Vulnerable children are at-risk newborns including premature infants and some children with pathologies presented by fear anomalies and deficiencies, most particularly neurological. Monitoring is based on the detection of these abnormalities and their early management. The organization of this monitoring system is based on a network of doctors, mostly pediatricians, trained regularly.

Physiological epidermal growth factor concentrations activate high affinity receptors to elicit calcium oscillations.

Signaling mediated by the epidermal growth factor (EGF) is crucial in tissue development, homeostasis and tumorigenesis. EGF is mitogenic at picomolar concentrations and is known to bind its receptor on high affinity binding sites depending of the oligomerization state of the receptor (monomer or dimer). In spite of these observations, the cellular response induced by EGF has been mainly characterized for nanomolar concentrations of the growth factor, and a clear definition of the cellular response to circulating (picomolar) concentrations is still lacking.

Predictive value of the parent-completed ASQ for school difficulties in preterm-born children <35 weeks' GA at five years of age.

Background: Preterm infants are at greater risk of developmental impairment and require close follow-up for early and optimal care.

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to determine from which age the parental Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) allows detection of school difficulties in preterm children <35 weeks' gestational age.

Methods: Preterm children from the regional Loire Infant Follow-up Team network were evaluated with the Global School Adaptation (GSA) assessment tool at 5 years of age and at least one parental-completed ASQ at 18, 24, or 36 months.

Independent synchronized control and visualization of interactions between living cells and organisms.

To investigate the early stages of cell-cell interactions occurring between living biological samples, imaging methods with appropriate spatiotemporal resolution are required. Among the techniques currently available, those based on optical trapping are promising. Methods to image trapped objects, however, in general suffer from a lack of three-dimensional resolution, due to technical constraints.

Usefulness of parent-completed ASQ for neurodevelopmental screening of preterm children at five years of age.

Introduction: Preterm children are at greater risk of developmental impairment and require close follow-up for early and optimal medical care. Our goal was to examine use of the parent-completed Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) as a screening tool for neurodevelopmental disabilities in preterm infants at five years of age.

Patients And Methods: A total of 648 preterm children (<35 weeks gestational age) born between 2003 and 2004 and included in the regional Loire Infant Follow-up network were evaluated at five years of age.

H-Ras transfers from B to T cells via tunneling nanotubes.

Lymphocytes form cell-cell connections by various mechanisms, including intercellular networks through actin-supported long-range plasma membrane (PM) extensions, termed tunneling nanotubes (TNTs). In this study, we tested in vitro whether TNTs form between human antigen-presenting B cells and T cells following cell contact and whether they enable the transfer of PM-associated proteins, such as green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged H-Ras (GFP-H-Ras). To address this question, we employed advanced techniques, including cell trapping by optical tweezers and live-cell imaging by 4D spinning-disk confocal microscopy.

Neurological assessment of preterm infants for predicting neuromotor status at 2 years: results from the LIFT cohort.

Objective: To develop a predictive risk stratification model for the identification of preterm infants at risk of 2-year suboptimal neuromotor status.

Design: Population-based observational study.

Setting: Regional preterm infant follow-up programme (Loire Infant Follow-up Team (LIFT) cohort) implemented in 2003.

Probing the plasma membrane organization in living cells by spot variation fluorescence correlation spectroscopy.

While intrinsic Brownian agitation within a lipid bilayer does homogenize the molecular distribution, the extremely diverse composition of the plasma membrane, in contrast, favors the development of inhomogeneity due to the propensity of such a system to minimize its total free energy. Precisely, deciphering such inhomogeneous organization with appropriate spatiotemporal resolution remains, however, a challenge. In accordance with its ability to accurately measure diffusion parameters, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) has been developed in association with innovative experimental strategies to monitor modes of molecular lateral confinement within the plasma membrane of living cells.

Mapping molecular diffusion in the plasma membrane by Multiple-Target Tracing (MTT).

Our goal is to obtain a comprehensive description of molecular processes occurring at cellular membranes in different biological functions. We aim at characterizing the complex organization and dynamics of the plasma membrane at single-molecule level, by developing analytic tools dedicated to Single-Particle Tracking (SPT) at high density: Multiple-Target Tracing (MTT). Single-molecule videomicroscopy, offering millisecond and nanometric resolution, allows a detailed representation of membrane organization by accurately mapping descriptors such as cell receptors localization, mobility, confinement or interactions.