Parents in Neonatal Pain Management-An International Survey of Parent-Delivered Interventions and Parental Pain Assessment.

Background: While parent-delivered pain management has been demonstrated to effectively reduce neonatal procedural pain responses, little is known about to what extent it is utilized. Our aim was to explore the utilization of parents in neonatal pain management and investigate whether local guidelines promote parent-delivered interventions.

Methods: A web-based survey was distributed to neonatal units worldwide.

Bibliometric analysis with reference publication year spectroscopy showed how key programmes drove developmental care in newborn infants.

Aim: We investigated the historical origins of developmental care for newborn infants using Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy (RPYS), an innovative method of bibliometric analysis.

Methods: A Web of Science search query that combined infant and intervention-related synonyms was performed on 2 February 2022. RPYS analysis was performed on this dataset to identify the most referenced historical publications for developmental care in newborn infants.

Prematurity has no impact on the quality of parents' sleep 6 months after birth.

Aim: Due to the stress that is classically associated with the premature birth of a child, these parents may be prone to sleep disorders. The aim of this study was to compare sleep quality of preterm infants' parents with that of term infants' parents.

Methods: Prospective observational cohort study conducted at the University Hospital of Brest between January 2019 and January 2021.

Premedication before laryngoscopy in neonates: Evidence-based statement from the French society of neonatology (SFN).

Context: Laryngoscopy is frequently required in neonatal intensive care. Awake laryngoscopy has deleterious effects but practice remains heterogeneous regarding premedication use. The goal of this statement was to provide evidence-based good practice guidance for clinicians regarding premedication before tracheal intubation, less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) and laryngeal mask insertion in neonates.

Early skin-to-skin contact and risk of late-onset-sepsis in very and extremely preterm infants.

Background: To evaluate the association between exposure to early skin-to-skin contact (SSC) and incidence of late-onset sepsis (LOS) in extremely and very preterm infants.

Methods: Observational study using the national population-based EPIPAGE-2 cohort in 2011. A propensity score for SSC exposure was used to match infants with and without exposure to SSC before day 4 of life and binomial log regression used to estimate risk ratios and CIs in the matched cohort.

Longitudinal Trajectories of Hair Cortisol: Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Dysfunction in Early Childhood.

The objective of this study was to examine if longitudinal trajectories of hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) measured at two or three yearly time points can identify 1-3 year old children at risk for altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis function due to early life stress (ELS). HCC was measured ( = 575) in 265 children using a validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hair was sampled in Clinic Visits (CV) centered at years 1, 2, and 3 ( = 45); 1 and 2 ( = 98); 1 and 3 ( = 27); 2 and 3 ( = 95).

A review of the characteristics, mechanisms and clinical significance of habituation in foetuses and newborn infants.

Habituation has been a topic of interest since the early 20th century. We summarise the characteristics of habituation, the proposed habituation mechanisms, the associated cortical responses and the link between habituation and cognitive development. Behavioural and neuroimaging studies have highlighted the early sensory abilities of foetuses and newborn infants, with preterm newborn infants exhibiting decreased habituation and dishabituation capabilities that increase their environmental vulnerability.

Evaluation of Maturation in Preterm Infants Through an Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithm Using Physiological Signals.

This study was designed to test if heart rate variability (HRV) data from preterm and full-term infants could be used to estimate their functional maturational age (FMA), using a machine learning model. We propose that the FMA, and its deviation from the postmenstrual age (PMA) of the infants could inform physicians about the progress of the maturation of the infants. The HRV data was acquired from 50 healthy infants, born between 25 and 41 weeks of gestational age, who did not present any signs of abnormal maturation relative to their age group during the period of observation.

Investigation of primary immune deficiency after severe bacterial infection in children: A population-based study in western France.

Background: Infectious diseases are still an important cause of morbidity and mortality in high-income countries and may preferentially affect predisposed children, especially immunocompromised children. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of recommended immunological tests in children with community-onset severe bacterial infection (COSBI) admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit. We also assessed the frequency and described the typology of diagnosed primary immune deficiency (PID).

COVID-19 preparedness-a survey among neonatal care providers in low- and middle-income countries.

Objective: To evaluate COVID-19 pandemic preparedness, available resources, and guidelines for neonatal care delivery among neonatal health care providers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) across all continents.

Study Design: Cross-sectional, web-based survey administered between May and June, 2020.

Results: Of 189 invited participants in 69 LMICs, we received 145 (77%) responses from 58 (84%) countries.

Diagnosis of Neonatal Late-Onset Infection in Very Preterm Infant: Inter-Observer Agreement and International Classifications.

Background: The definition of late-onset bacterial sepsis (LOS) in very preterm infants is not unified. The objective was to assess the concordance of LOS diagnosis between experts in neonatal infection and international classifications and to evaluate the potential impact on heart rate variability and rate of "bronchopulmonary dysplasia or death".

Methods: A retrospective (2017-2020) multicenter study including hospitalized infants born before 31 weeks of gestation with intention to treat at least 5-days with antibiotics was performed.

Using sensor-fusion and machine-learning algorithms to assess acute pain in non-verbal infants: a study protocol.

Introduction: Objective pain assessment in non-verbal populations is clinically challenging due to their inability to express their pain via self-report. Repetitive exposures to acute or prolonged pain lead to clinical instability, with long-term behavioural and cognitive sequelae in newborn infants. Strong analgesics are also associated with medical complications, potential neurotoxicity and altered brain development.

Association of Continuous Opioids and/or Midazolam During Early Mechanical Ventilation with Survival and Sensorimotor Outcomes at Age 2 Years in Premature Infants: Results from the French Prospective National EPIPAGE 2 Cohort.

Objective: To evaluate the association of early continuous infusions of opioids and/or midazolam with survival and sensorimotor outcomes at age 2 years in very premature infants who were ventilated.

Study Design: This national observational study included premature infants born before 32 weeks of gestation intubated within 1 hour after birth and still intubated at 24 hours from the French EPIPAGE 2 cohort. Infants only treated with bolus were excluded.

Quiet Sleep Organization of Very Preterm Infants Is Correlated With Postnatal Maturation.

Sleep is an important determinant of brain development in preterm infants. Its temporal organization varies with gestational age (GA) and post-menstrual age (PMA) but little is known about how sleep develops in very preterm infants. The objective was to study the correlation between the temporal organization of quiet sleep (QS) and maturation in premature infants without severe complications during their neonatal hospitalization.

The newborn infant parasympathetic evaluation index for acute procedural pain assessment in preterm infants.

Background: Accurate assessments of pain in hospitalized preterm infants present a major challenge in improving the short- and long-term consequences associated with painful experiences. We evaluated the ability of the newborn infant parasympathetic evaluation (NIPE) index to detect acute procedural pain in preterm infants.

Methods: Different painful and stressful interventions were prospectively observed in preterm infants born at 25 + 0 to 35 + 6 weeks gestation.

Automatic oxygen flow titration in spontaneously breathing children: An open-label randomized controlled pilot study.

Introduction: When children require supplemental oxygen due to acute hypoxemic respiratory distress (AHRD), manual control of the oxygen flow is often difficult and time-consuming, and carries the risk of unrecognized hypoxia and hyperoxia. To date, no automatic oxygen titration system has been developed and evaluated in spontaneously breathing children.

Methods: Children between 1 month and 15 years of age receiving supplemental oxygen due to AHRD were recruited within 24 hours following the onset of the O administration in a French University Department of Paediatrics.

Historical roots of pain management in infants: A bibliometric analysis using reference publication year spectroscopy.

Retrospective evaluations of the historical role of previously published research are often fraught with subjective bias and misrepresentation, which leads to contested scientific claims. This paper investigates the historical roots of infant pain management using novel quantitative methods to identify the published literature and evaluate its relative importance. A bibliometric analysis named "reference publication year spectroscopy" (RPYS), was performed using the program CitedReferencesExplorer (CRExplorer) to avoid the subjectivity associated with comparative evaluations of individual research studies.

A novel, short and easy-to-perform method to evaluate newborns' social olfactory preferences.

Humans' early olfactory perception has been studied mainly within the framework of mother-offspring interactions and only a few studies have focused on newborns' abilities to discriminate body odors per se. The aim of this study was to develop a method to evaluate olfactory social preferences of infants at term-equivalent age. Twenty dyads of infants (10 born preterm and 10 born at term) at term-equivalent age and their mothers were included.

Higher tactile sensitivity in preterm infants at term-equivalent age: A pilot study.

Despite a growing body of research on perinatal sensory abilities, data on the extent of tactile sensitivity and more particularly passive touch (i.e. sensitivity to a stimulation imposed on the skin) are relatively limited, and the development and processing of tactile function are still thus little known.

Root cap size and shape influence responses to the physical strength of the growth medium in Arabidopsis thaliana primary roots.

During the progression of root in soil, root cap cells are the first to encounter obstacles and are known to sense environmental cues, thus making the root cap a potential mechanosensing site. In this study, a two-layered growth medium system was developed in order to study root responses to variations in the physical strength of the medium and the importance of the root cap in the establishment of these responses. Root growth and trajectory of primary roots of Arabidopsis seedlings were investigated using in vivo image analysis.