Longitudinal study of retinal status using optical coherence tomography after acute onset endophthalmitis following cataract surgery.

Purpose: To analyse the macula imaged with optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients treated for acute postcataract endophthalmitis.

Methods: Patients presenting with acute postcataract endophthalmitis were included in this observational and multicentre study from January 2008 to December 2011. We recorded the following OCT data at the 3, 6 and 12-month visits: the central macular thickness, the perifoveal macular thickness, the central foveal point thickness and abnormalities of the outer retina, the macula and vitreoretinal interface.

Occurrence and risk factors for retinal detachment after pars plana vitrectomy in acute postcataract bacterial endophthalmitis.

Background/aims: To report the incidence, risk factors and prognosis of retinal detachment (RD) in patients who had vitrectomy for acute bacterial endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.

Methods: 123 patients with acute postcataract endophthalmitis, consecutively treated with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) were included by the French Institutional Endophthalmitis Study group, in a prospective multicentre cohort study. Risk factors of RD were analysed using logistic regression.

[Managing antithrombotic therapy in vitreoretinal surgery].

Given the growing number of patients on antithrombotic therapy we are increasingly confronted with the management of this therapy before, during and after vitreoretinal surgery. In the absence of a consensus, the decision to withdraw antithrombotic therapy is based on the cardiovascular thromboembolism risk versus the theoretical risk of bleeding if the antithrombotic treatment is continued. As suggested by the literature, antiplatelet therapy (acetylsalicylic acid or clopidogrel) may be safely continued for vitreoretinal surgery, including retinal detachment repair.

A case-control study to assess aspirin as a risk factor of bleeding in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hemorrhagic risk factors during the management of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD).

Methods: Three hundred and twenty-two patients with (n = 74) or without (n = 248) bleeding (anterior segment, choroidal, intravitreal and/or subretinal) during or after RD surgery were included in this case-control study. Exclusion criteria were: history of trauma, vitreoretinal surgery, diabetic retinopathy, and taking clopidogrel and/or a vitamin K antagonist.

[Proliferative vitreoretinopathy: prophylactic treatment].

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a complex process. It causes contractile fibrocellular membranes that may prevent retinal reattachment. PVR therefore remains one of the most severe complications of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD), with an incidence of 5-11%, and is among the most frequent causes of surgical failure (50-75%).

[Proliferative vitreoretinopathy: curative treatment].

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), which causes contractile fibrocellular membranes that may prevent retinal reattachment, remains one of the most severe complications of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD), with an incidence of 5-11%, and one of the most frequent causes of surgical failure (50-75%). Its severity is due to the complexity of the surgery required to treat patients, and to its uncertain anatomic and functional prognosis. Curative treatment of PVR includes vitrectomy, sometimes associated with phacoemulsification or scleral buckling; systematic peeling of epiretinal membranes, occasionally retinectomy; and systematic retinopexy by endolaser photocoagulation.

[Proliferative vitreoretinopathy: pathophysiology and clinical diagnosis].

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) remains one of the most common causes of failed retinal detachment (RD) surgery. Many histological and clinical studies have highlighted the chain of events leading to PVR: cellular migration into the vitreous cavity, cellular differentiation, myofibroblast proliferation and activation, synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins, then contraction of preretinal tissues. The development of PVR can be explained schematically by cellular exposure to growth factors and cytokines (particularly retinal pigment epithelial cells and glial cells), in the context of break-down of the blood-retinal barrier (inflammation, choroidal detachment, iatrogenic effect of cryotherapy and surgery) and of cellular contact with the vitreous.

Comparative prospective study of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments in phakic or pseudophakic patients with high myopia.

Purpose: To compare the anatomical and functional results of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in highly myopic phakic or pseudophakic eyes.

Methods: This prospective 2-center study included 191 consecutive eyes (151 phakic and 40 pseudophakic eyes) from a prospective cohort of 835 patients (IRB #5891, between 2004 and 2008). Baseline and follow-up data were systematically recorded at presentation, 1 month, and 6 months or more after surgery.

Comparative study of 23-gauge vitrectomy versus 20-gauge vitrectomy for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of 20- and 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for the management of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grade B or less.

Methods: This comparative nested case-control study included 35 consecutive 23-gauge transconjunctival PPV cases matched (1:1) with 35 cases of 20-gauge PPV (from a prospective cohort of 1,150 patients) for the baseline visual acuity (VA), axial length, lens and macular status, the location and number of breaks, and PVR grade. All patients had complete PPV, cryotherapy, fluid-gas exchange, and a minimum follow-up of 6 months.

Comparative study of 50 early- or late-onset retinal detachments after open or closed globe injury.

Purpose: To compare initial findings and final prognosis of retinal detachments (RDs) secondary to open or closed ocular injuries.

Methods: This prospective study comprised 50 consecutive patients with open (n = 25, with initial successful repair) or closed (n = 25) globe injuries during a 3-year period (2004-2007), with follow-up of at least 6 months (10.1 ± 5.

[Prospective study of 34 retinal detachments associated with giant retinal tear].

Purpose: To report the anatomical and functional outcomes of vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade in the treatment of retinal detachment associated with giant retinal tears due to various factors.

Methods: We prospectively followed 34 eyes of 33 patients with giant retinal tear. That underwent vitrectomy, injection of perfluorocarbon liquids and silicone oil tamponade.

Analysis of diluted vitreous samples from vitrectomy is useful in eyes with severe acute postoperative endophthalmitis.

Purpose: This study was designed to compare the diagnostic yield of microbiological analysis performed on diluted and undiluted vitreous samples from pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients with acute postcataract endophthalmitis.

Design: Cohort study, evaluation of diagnostic test or technology.

Participants: Patients with acute postcataract endophthalmitis (<6 weeks).

Screening of diabetic retinopathy: effect of field number and mydriasis on sensitivity and specificity of digital fundus photography.

Purpose: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of one- and three-field, nonmydriatic and mydriatic, and 45 degrees digital colour photography compared with mydriatic indirect ophthalmoscopy for diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening.

Methods: A group of 79 patients (158 eyes) were included in this prospective study. Colour fundus photographs were taken with a Topcon TRC-NW6S digital camera, using four different techniques--single-field nonmydriatic; three-field nonmydriatic; single-field mydriatic; and three-field mydriatic--followed by dilated ophthalmoscopy.

[Optic disc pit complicated by serous macular detachment: a case report].

Introduction: Optic disc pit is a rare congenital anomaly that, in 60% of cases, can be complicated by serous macular detachment.

Case Report: We report the case of a 56-year-old patient who presented with serous macular detachment caused by optic disc pit and responsible for a deterioration of visual acuity. Intravitreal injection of 0.

[Diffuse diabetic macular edema surgery: prospective study of seven cases followed up with optical coherence tomography].

Introduction: A prospective study was performed in seven eyes of seven consecutive patients who had vitrectomy for diffuse diabetic macular edema (DME) with ILM premacular delamination as part of this treatment.

Patients And Methods: All patients had retinopathy and DME. Only one patient had previous grid photocoagulation.

Cataract formation with a primary iris stromal cyst.

An 11-year-old boy was diagnosed with a primary acquired iris stromal cyst. A 5-year follow-up showed growth of the cyst with visual impairment. An inferior iridectomy was performed including the whole cystic lesion.

Survival after proton-beam irradiation of uveal melanomas.

Purpose: To evaluate the independent prognostic factors for survival, metastasis, local recurrence, and enucleation in patients who had undergone proton-beam therapy for posterior uveal melanomas.

Design: Interventional case series.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 224 consecutive incident cases were treated at the Biomedical Cyclotron Centre (Nice, France) from June 1991 to December 1997.

Survival, anatomic, and functional long-term results in choroidal and ciliary body melanoma after ruthenium brachytherapy (15 years' experience with beta-rays).

Purpose: To analyze survival, radiation-related complications, local recurrence, enucleation, and visual acuity after ruthenium-106 irradiation of malignant uveal melanoma.

Design: Retrospective study.

Methods: A total of 213 patients treated with ruthenium-106 brachytherapy between 1983 and 1995.

[Ciliary body melanomas. Survival and prognostic aspects after brachytherapy or proton therapy].

Introduction: Our main goals were to study the survival of patients with uveal melanomas involving the ciliary body 5 and 10 years after treatment and to review prognosis.

Material And Methods: This study investigated 106 tumors (27 ciliary body melanomas and 79 choroidal-ciliary melanomas) of patients treated between June 1983 and April 1998. Seventy-two patients were treated with 106-ruthenium applicators and 34 were treated with proton therapy.

[Blindness after nitrous oxide anesthesia and internal gas tamponade].

The authors describe the case of a patient with bilateral retinal detachment. Immediately after surgery for the second eye under general anesthesia with nitrous oxide, the patient reported severe visual loss in the first eye successfully treated surgically 2 weeks before, with a residual gas bubble (C3F8) of 50%. In this case, nitrous oxide had rapidly entered the gas bubble and induced a transient expansion of the gas tamponade with a dramatic increase in intraocular pressure.

Malignant glaucoma induced by a phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens for myopia.

A 23-year-old woman with -14.00 diopters of myopia requested emmetropia for professional reasons. An ICM 130 V2 myopic phakic intraocular lens (IOL) (Staar Surgical AG) was implanted in the posterior chamber.

[Sarcoid granuloma simulating amelanotic melanoma of the iris: a case report].

We report the case of a unilateral vascular iris tumor in a 24-year-old patient. Clinically, the iris lesion appeared similar to amelanotic melanoma. A systemic work-up (initial check-up), including an angiotensin-converting enzyme determination, provided the diagnosis of sarcoid granuloma.

[Conjunctival epithelial carcinoma in a 9-year-old child with xeroderma pigmentosum. Case report].

We report the case of a conjunctival tumor in a 9-year-old patient, suffering from Xeroderma Pigmentosum. Our patient presented a raspberry-colored conjunctival tumor. The tumor was resecked without any additional treatment.