Acceptability of a Fresh Produce Intervention for Individuals With Serious Mental Illnesses.

Objective: To qualitatively evaluate the acceptability and end-user perspectives of a 3-component Fresh Produce and Healthy Eating intervention seeking to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among individuals with serious mental illnesses (SMI) in residential settings.

Methods: Twenty-seven interviews were conducted with housing residents with SMI, curriculum instructors, agency leadership, and mobile market staff. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Bidirectional modulation of TCA cycle metabolites and anaplerosis by metformin and its combination with SGLT2i.

Background: Metformin and sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are cornerstone therapies for managing hyperglycemia in diabetes. However, their detailed impacts on metabolic processes, particularly within the citric acid (TCA) cycle and its anaplerotic pathways, remain unclear. This study investigates the tissue-specific metabolic effects of metformin, both as a monotherapy and in combination with SGLT2i, on the TCA cycle and associated anaplerotic reactions in both mice and humans.

A Group-Based, Six-Lesson Healthy Eating Curriculum for Individuals With Serious Mental Illnesses: Development and Implementation.

As part of an intervention tailored to individuals with serious mental illnesses in residential settings that aimed to increase dietary intake of fresh vegetables and fruits, we developed and implemented a nutrition and cooking curriculum. To develop the curriculum, we assembled a Workgroup that consisted of professionals from multiple fields. The Workgroup held weekly discussions before drafting what would become the Workbook.

Introducing the Staff-Administered Meal Independence Rating Scale for Use Among Patients With Serious Mental Illnesses.

For individuals living with serious mental illnesses (SMIs), inadequate meal preparation skills can hinder the ability to live independently; yet rating scales tailored for this population are lacking. We describe development, item analysis, and initial reliability and validity of the Staff-Administered Meal Independence Rating Scale (SAMIRS). After item development involving expert consultation, two rounds of pilot testing ( n = 188, n = 293) were conducted in inpatient and residential settings (transitional living residences [TLRs] and community residences [CRs]).

ACEs and the Possibility of Preventing the Past.

Ashekun and colleagues' study of the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and arrests in persons with serious mental illness (SMI) provides more evidence for the importance of addressing the broader needs (beyond narrowly defined symptoms of mental illness) of clients with SMI and criminal legal contact. Furthermore, the article supports the need to appreciate fully the intersection of behavioral health and criminal justice and the intersectionality of mental health and race (i.e.

Associations Between Cumulative Social Adversities and Substance Use Comorbidity in a Statewide Sample of Individuals in Treatment for Mental Illnesses.

We sought to investigate associations of cumulative social adversities in four areas (low education, unemployment, homelessness, and criminal/legal involvement) with presence of comorbid alcohol and drug use disorders among individuals in treatment for mental illnesses. Using data from 103,416 adults in mental health treatment, generalized estimating equation modified Poisson models were used to estimate increased risk of having comorbid substance use disorders based on individual and/or cumulative number of social adversities present. Controlling for effects of sex, race/ethnicity, and region (New York City vs .

Associations between Social Adversities and Chronic Medical Conditions in a Statewide Sample of Individuals in Treatment for Mental Illnesses.

Individuals with mental illnesses experience disproportionately high rates of social adversities, chronic medical conditions, and early mortality. We analyzed a large, statewide dataset to explore associations between four social adversities and the presence of one or more, and then two or more, chronic medical conditions among individuals in treatment for mental illnesses in New York State. In Poisson regression models adjusting for multiple covariates (e.

Improving Nutrition Security for Individuals With Serious Mental Illnesses: A Partnership of Public and Nonprofit Agencies.

In conjunction with multiple partners (state agencies, nonprofits, a university, and key stakeholders and content experts), the authors are implementing and evaluating an intervention intended to enable individuals with serious mental illnesses living in community residences (i.e., group homes) and supportive housing apartments to-with support from residential staff-access, purchase, prepare, and enjoy healthy, local produce.

Integrating Siderophore Substructures in Thiol-Based Metallo-β-Lactamase Inhibitors.

Metallo beta lactamases (MBLs) are among the most problematic resistance mechanisms of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens due to their broad substrate spectrum and lack of approved inhibitors. In this study, we propose the integration of catechol substructures into the design of thiol-based MBL inhibitors, aiming at mimicking bacterial siderophores for the active uptake by the iron acquisition system of bacteria. We synthesised two catechol-containing MBL inhibitors, as well as their dimethoxy counterparts, and tested them for in vitro inhibitory activity against NDM-1, VIM-1, and IMP-7.

Criminal Legal Involvement Among U.S. Adults With Serious Psychological Distress and Differences by Race-Ethnicity.

Objective: The authors examined associations between criminal legal involvement (CLI) and serious psychological distress and how these associations differed by racial-ethnic group.

Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of multiple cross-sections of data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2015-2019) and used multivariable linear probability regression models to assess lifetime CLI and past-year probation, parole, supervised release, or other conditional release in a nationally representative sample of noninstitutionalized U.S.

Climate and the biotic community structure plant resistance across biogeographic groups of yellow monkeyflower.

Characterizing correlates of phytochemical resistance trait variation across a landscape can provide insight into the ecological factors that have shaped the evolution of resistance arsenals. Using field-collected data and a greenhouse common garden experiment, we assessed the relative influences of abiotic and biotic drivers of genetic-based defense trait variation across 41 yellow monkeyflower populations from western and eastern North America and the United Kingdom. Populations experience different climates, herbivore communities, and neighboring vegetative communities, and have distinct phytochemical resistance arsenals.

Night work, chronotype and cortisol at awakening in female hospital employees.

To examine the effect of night shift on salivary cortisol at awakening (C1), 30 min later (C2), and on the cortisol awakening response (CAR, the difference between C2 and C1). We compared shift and non-shift workers with a focus on the impact of worker chronotype. Our study included 66 shift-working females (mean age = 37.

Fluorescent annulated imidazo[4,5-]isoquinolines a GBB-3CR/imidoylation sequence - DNA-interactions in pUC-19 gel electrophoresis mobility shift assay.

Herein we report the development of a sequential synthesis route towards annulated imidazo[4,5-]isoquinolines comprising a GBB-3CR, followed by an intramolecular imidoylative cyclisation. X-Ray crystallography revealed a flat 3D structure of the obtained polyheterocycles. Thus, we evaluated their interactions with double-stranded DNA by establishing a pUC-19 plasmid-based gel electrophoresis mobility shift assay, revealing a stabilising effect on ds-DNA against strand-break inducing conditions.

-Aryl Mercaptopropionamides as Broad-Spectrum Inhibitors of Metallo-β-Lactamases.

Drug-resistant pathogens pose a global challenge to public health as they cause diseases that are extremely difficult to cure. Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) are a diverse set of zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of β-lactam drugs, including carbapenems, which are considered as the last resort to fight severe infections. To restore the activity of current β-lactam antibiotics and to offer an orthogonal strategy to the discovery of new antibiotics, we have identified a series of polar -aryl mercaptopropionamide derivatives as potent inhibitors of several class B1 MBLs.

The Social Determinants of Mental Health: A Descriptive Study of State Mental Health Agencies' Priorities.

Social determinants are receiving renewed attention as research demonstrates the effects of social factors on individuals' physical and mental health and elucidates the biological and psychological mechanisms underlying those effects. Through spheres of influence from policy and regulation development to direct service provision, state mental health agencies are in a unique position to lead primary and secondary prevention efforts aimed at addressing social determinants with both client-level and structural-level interventions. A survey of social determinants-related activity was sent to the Medical Directors of the state offices of mental health in all 50 states.

Process intensification for the continuous production of an antimicrobial peptide in stably-transformed Sf-9 insect cells.

The antibiotic resistance crisis has prompted research into alternative candidates such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). However, the demand for such molecules can only be met by continuous production processes, which achieve high product yields and offer compatibility with the Quality-by-Design initiative by implementing process analytical technologies such as turbidimetry and dielectric spectroscopy. We developed batch and perfusion processes at the 2-L scale for the production of BR033, a cecropin-like AMP from Lucilia sericata, in stably-transformed polyclonal Sf-9 cells.

Nitroxoline and its derivatives are potent inhibitors of metallo-β-lactamases.

Carbapenemases such as metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) are spreading among Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Infections due to these multidrug-resistant bacteria constitute a major global health challenge. Therapeutic strategies against carbapenemase producing bacteria include β-lactamase inhibitor combinations.

-Aryl mercaptoacetamides as potential multi-target inhibitors of metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) and the virulence factor LasB from .

Increasing antimicrobial resistance is evolving to be one of the major threats to public health. To reduce the selection pressure and thus to avoid a fast development of resistance, novel approaches aim to target bacterial virulence instead of growth. Another strategy is to restore the activity of antibiotics already in clinical use.

Rh -Catalyzed De-symmetrization of Ethane-1,2-dithiol and Propane-1,3-dithiol Yields Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitors.

Diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) is a rich source for novel lead structures in Medicinal Chemistry. In this study, we present a DOS-compatible method for synthesis of compounds bearing a free thiol moiety. The procedure relies on Rh(II)-catalyzed coupling of dithiols to diazo building blocks.

Criminal Legal Involvement: A Cause and Consequence of Social Determinants of Health.

The overrepresentation of people of color and individuals with serious mental illnesses across all levels of the criminal legal system results from the effects of social and economic forces, including social determinants of health and behavioral health, as well as systemic racism. Conversely, criminal legal contact creates and exacerbates these social stresses, with associated consequences to general medical and behavioral health. In this column, the authors explore the relationship between social determinants of health and criminal legal contact through the lens of recent literature on criminal recidivism and describe the ways in which criminal legal contact is itself a social determinant that drives mental health outcomes.

Violence risk assessment for young adults receiving treatment for early psychosis.

Aim: Although the absolute risk of violence is small for individuals with mental illnesses, a specific subgroup of individuals who appear to be at increased risk for violence includes young people experiencing emerging or early psychosis. Prior research has identified risk factors for violence in this population, though no prior studies using a formal risk assessment tool have been identified. This study used the Historical Clinical Risk Management-20, version 3 (HCR-20) to identify risk of future violence among a sample of young adults with early psychosis and relevant predictors of risk unique to this population.

Population genomic and historical analysis suggests a global invasion by bridgehead processes in Mimulus guttatus.

Imperfect historical records and complex demographic histories present challenges for reconstructing the history of biological invasions. Here, we combine historical records, extensive worldwide and genome-wide sampling, and demographic analyses to investigate the global invasion of Mimulus guttatus from North America to Europe and the Southwest Pacific. By sampling 521 plants from 158 native and introduced populations genotyped at >44,000 loci, we determined that invasive M.

Social Determinants of Mental Health As Mediators and Moderators of the Mental Health Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Contracting COVID-19, being exposed to it, or being affected by societal containment measures can have consequences that are themselves social determinants of health. Preexisting social determinants of health also drive the disproportionately high prevalence of COVID-19 infection and deaths among minority, marginalized, and other vulnerable populations. Thus, the social determinants of mental health act as both mediators and moderators of the pandemic's impacts, and like all social determinants, the effects of the pandemic are underpinned by public policies and social norms.