Homologous recombination pathway gene variants identified by tumor-only sequencing assays in lung carcinoma patients.

Background: The homologous recombination (HR) repair pathway plays a key role in double-stranded DNA break repair, and germline HR pathway gene variants are associated with increased risk of several cancers, including breast and ovarian cancer. HR deficiency is also a therapeutically targetable phenotype.

Methods: Somatic (tumour-only) sequencing was performed on 1,109 cases of lung tumors, and the pathological data were reviewed to filter for lung primary carcinomas.

Perspectives, risk factors, and coping mechanisms in patients with self-reported financial burden following lung cancer surgery.

Objective: We evaluated self-reported financial burden (FB) after lung cancer surgery and sought to assess patient perspectives, risk factors, and coping mechanisms within this population.

Methods: Patients with lung cancer resected at our institution between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2021, were surveyed. Descriptive and multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate the association between clinical and financial characteristics with patient-reported major ("significant" or "catastrophic") FB.

A New Class of Diaryl Ether Herbicides: Structure-Activity Relationship Studies Enabled by a Rapid Scaffold Hopping Approach.

We report on the development of a novel class of diaryl ether herbicides. After the discovery of a phenoxybenzoic acid with modest herbicidal activity, optimization led to several molecules with improved control of broadleaf and grass weeds. To facilitate this process, we first employed a three-step combinatorial approach, then pivoted to a one-step Ullmann-type coupling that provided faster access to new analogs.

Increased plasma lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and altered inflammatory mediators in overweight women suggest a state of subclinical endotoxemia.

Chronic low-grade inflammation has been recognized as an underlying event linking obesity to cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, inflammatory alterations in individuals who are overweight remain understudied. To provide insight, we determined the levels of key circulating biomarkers of endotoxemia and inflammation, including lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), CRP, IL-6, leptin, and adiponectin in adult female subjects (n=40) who were lean or overweight and had high cholesterol and/or high blood pressure - two important conventional risk factors for CVD.

Glucagon-like peptide-1: a multi-faceted anti-inflammatory agent.

Inflammation contributes to many chronic conditions. It is often associated with circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune cells. GLP-1 levels correlate with disease severity.

Spatiotemporal dissemination of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales in municipal sewer systems: a prospective, longitudinal study in the city of Basel, Switzerland.

Background: The contribution of community and hospital sources to the transmission of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) remains elusive.

Aim: To investigate the extent of community dissemination and the contribution of hospitals to the spread of ESBL-PE by exploring their spatiotemporal distribution in municipal wastewater of the central European city of Basel.

Methods: Wastewater samples were collected monthly for two consecutive years throughout Basel, Switzerland, including 21 sites across 10 postcode areas of the city collecting either community wastewater (urban sites,  = 17) or community and hospital wastewater (mixed sites,  = 4).

Financial Toxicity in Patients With Resected Lung Cancer.

Objectives: To describe financial toxicity (FT) in patients with resected lung cancer and identify risk factors in this population.

Background: FT describes the financial burden associated with cancer care and its impact on the quality of survivorship. Few prior studies have examined FT in patients with lung cancer.

A cognitive balance approach to understanding intergroup attitudes in post-Brexit Northern Ireland.

Cognitive balance theory posits that a drive for cognitively consistent thoughts modulates interpersonal relations. We extended cognitive balance theory to intergroup relations and tested it in a real-life setting where intergroup relations are under strain: Northern Ireland in the wake of the UK's withdrawal from the EU. We predicted that when the groups of Irish people and British people in Northern Ireland are perceived as more compatible, intergroup bias would be lower than when groups are perceived as less compatible.

Biased perception of distributions: Anchoring, interpolation and smoothing as potential causes.

Perceiving the degree of variation in the social and non-social environment is a cognitive task that is important for many judgments and decisions. In the present research, we investigated cognitive underpinnings of how people estimate the average value of segments of a statistical distribution (e.g.

OMERACT International Consensus for Ultrasound Definitions of Tenosynovitis in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Systematic Literature Review and Delphi Process.

Objective: Synovitis and tenosynovitis are present in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), both as joint pain and/or inflammation, making them difficult to detect on physical examination. Although ultrasonography (US) allows for discrimination of the 2 entities, only definitions and scoring of synovitis in children have been established. This study was undertaken to produce consensus-based US definitions of tenosynovitis in JIA.

Endovascular stenting of an HVAD™ outflow graft pseudoaneurysm that exerts compression and kinking stenosis on the soft portion of the prosthesis.

Key Clinical Message: Complex presentations of MCS patients may necessitate a multidisciplinary approach involving HF cardiologists, CT surgeons, advanced cardiac imagers, and interventional cardiologists in order to define the optimal management strategy.

Abstract: Left ventricle assist devices (LVADs) provide life-sustaining treatment for patients with terminal heart failure, but their intricacy allows for complications. One complication is LVAD outflow graft obstruction due to the graft's intraluminal thrombus or extraluminal compression.

Translation of non-canonical open reading frames as a cancer cell survival mechanism in childhood medulloblastoma.

A hallmark of high-risk childhood medulloblastoma is the dysregulation of RNA translation. Currently, it is unknown whether medulloblastoma dysregulates the translation of putatively oncogenic non-canonical open reading frames. To address this question, we performed ribosome profiling of 32 medulloblastoma tissues and cell lines and observed widespread non-canonical ORF translation.

Salvage of ribose from uridine or RNA supports glycolysis in nutrient-limited conditions.

Glucose is vital for life, serving as both a source of energy and carbon building block for growth. When glucose is limiting, alternative nutrients must be harnessed. To identify mechanisms by which cells can tolerate complete loss of glucose, we performed nutrient-sensitized genome-wide genetic screens and a PRISM growth assay across 482 cancer cell lines.

Histochemistry and Cell Biology-a glance into the past and a look ahead.

At the occasion of the 65th anniversary of Histochemistry and Cell Biology, we browse through its first ten years of publication and highlight a selection of papers from the early days of enzyme, protein, and carbohydrate histochemistry. In addition, we narrate recent progress to identify, quantify, and precisely determine the tissue localization of proteins and lipids, and small molecules by the combination of spectroscopic techniques and histology.

Iterative Metal Artifact Reduction in Head and Neck CT Facilitates Tumor Visualization of Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer Obscured by Artifacts From Dental Hardware.

Rationale And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of iterative metal artifact reduction (iMAR) in computed tomography (CT)-imaging of oral and oropharyngeal cancers when obscured by dental hardware artifacts and to determine the most appropriate iMAR settings for this purpose.

Materials And Methods: The study retrospectively enrolled 27 patients (8 female, 19 male; mean age 64±12.7years) with histologically confirmed oral or oropharyngeal cancer obscured by dental artifacts in contrast-enhanced CT.

3-Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 drives acquired resistance to osimertinib.

Osimertinib sensitive and resistant NSCLC NCI-H1975 clones are used to model osimertinib acquired resistance in humanized and non-humanized mice and delineate potential resistance mechanisms. No new EGFR mutations or loss of the EGFR T790M mutation are found in resistant clones. Resistant tumors grown under continuous osimertinib pressure both in humanized and non-humanized mice show aggressive tumor regrowth which is significantly less sensitive to osimertinib as compared with parental tumors.

Assessing Barriers to use of the Specific Carbohydrate Diet in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Qualitative Study.

Unlabelled: Because of the high cost and associated toxicities of pharmacotherapy treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), there has been growing interest in dietary therapy. The objective of this study is to assess barriers to initiating or maintaining the specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) to inform strategies for improving access and adherence to the diet.

Methods: We conducted semistructured interviews with parents of 10 children with IBD receiving care at a single academic treatment center.

Multi-strain compatibility polymorphism between a parasite and its snail host, a neglected vector of schistosomiasis in Africa.

Interactions between and its snail host are understood primarily through experimental work with one South American vector species, . However, 90% of schistosomiasis transmission occurs in Africa, where a diversity of species may serve as vectors. With the long-term goal of determining the genetic and ecological determinants of infection in African snail hosts, we developed genetic models of , a principal vector in the African Great Lakes.

[EPILEPSY SURGERY IN CHILDREN: A SUMMARY OF A DECADE AT THE SOURASKY TEL AVIV MEDICAL CENTER].

Introduction: Drug-resistant epilepsy in children is associated with morbidity, developmental regression and mortality. Over recent years, there is an increase in awareness regarding the role of surgery in the treatment of refractory epilepsy, both in the diagnostic phase and for treatment, reducing the number and magnitude of seizures. Technological advancements have enabled a minimalization of surgery, with reduction in surgical associated morbidity.

Comparative long-term effectiveness between ventral hernia repairs with biosynthetic and synthetic mesh.

Background: Debate exists regarding the most appropriate type of mesh to use in ventral hernia repair (VHR). Meshes are broadly categorized as synthetic or biologic, each mesh with individual advantages and disadvantages. More recently developed biosynthetic mesh has characteristics of both mesh types.