Laser excitation of the 1-2 transition in singly-ionized helium.

Laser spectroscopy of atomic hydrogen and hydrogen-like atoms is a powerful tool for tests of fundamental physics. The 1-2 transition of hydrogen in particular is a cornerstone for stringent Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) tests and for an accurate determination of the Rydberg constant. We report laser excitation of the 1-2 transition in singly-ionized helium (He), a hydrogen-like ion with much higher sensitivity to QED than hydrogen itself.

Treatment of Hypothalamic Obesity With GLP-1 Analogs.

Introduction: Congenital and acquired damage to hypothalamic nuclei or neuronal circuits controlling satiety and energy expenditure results in hypothalamic obesity (HO). To date, successful weight loss and satiety has only been achieved in a limited number of affected patients across multiple drug trials. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) acts via central pathways that are independent from the hypothalamus to induce satiety.

A Bayesian Inference Approach to Accurately Fitting the Glass Transition Temperature in Thin Polymer Films.

We present a Bayesian inference-based nonlinear least-squares fitting approach developed to reliably fit challenging, noisy data in an automated and robust manner. The advantages of using Bayesian inference for nonlinear fitting are demonstrated by applying this approach to a set of temperature-dependent film thickness () data collected by ellipsometry for thin films of polystyrene (PS) and poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP). The glass transition experimentally presents as a continuous transition in thickness characterized by a change in slope that in thin films with broadened transitions can become particularly subtle and challenging to fit.

Endoscopic endonasal resection of a craniopharyngioma in a 23-month-old patient: illustrative case.

Background: Treatment of pediatric craniopharyngioma requires a multidisciplinary approach to counsel patients and families on the spectrum of treatment options, including biopsy, radiation, and/or resection. Gross-total resection can avoid radiation and its long-term comorbidities. In very young patients, this is of particular importance but is especially challenging because of anatomical considerations.

Cold plasma reengineers peanut protein isolate: Unveiling changes in functionality, rheology, and structure.

This study investigates the effects of cold plasma (CP) treatment on peanut protein isolate (PPI), focusing on functionality, rheology, and structural modifications across various treatment times (0, 90, 180, 270, 360, and 450 s) and voltages (120, 140, and 160 kV). Key findings include a significant increase in solubility from 9.99 mg/mL to 15.

Role of van der Waals, Electrostatic, and Hydrogen-Bond Interactions for the Relative Stability of Cellulose Iβ and II Crystals.

Naturally occurring cellulose Iβ with its characteristic parallel orientation of cellulose chains is less stable than cellulose II, in which neighboring pairs of chains are oriented antiparallel to each other. While the distinct hydrogen-bond patterns of these two cellulose crystal forms are well established, the energetic role of the hydrogen bonds for crystal stability, in comparison to the van der Waals (vdW) and overall electrostatic interactions in the crystals, is a matter of current debate. In this article, we investigate the relative stability of celluloses Iβ and II in energy minimizations with classical force fields.

Obstetric Life Support Education for Maternal Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Management of maternal cardiac arrest (MCA) requires understanding the unique physiology of pregnancy and modifications to life support. Health care professionals have historically demonstrated inadequate knowledge and skills necessary to treat MCA.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of Obstetric Life Support (OBLS) education on health care professionals' cognitive performance, skills, and self-efficacy in managing MCA.

Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses identify apo-transcobalamin-II as a biomarker of overall survival in osteosarcoma.

Background: The large-scale proteomic platform known as the SomaScan® assay is capable of simultaneously measuring thousands of proteins in patient specimens through next-generation aptamer-based multiplexed technology. While previous studies have utilized patient peripheral blood to suggest serum biomarkers of prognostic or diagnostic value in osteosarcoma (OSA), the most common primary pediatric bone cancer, they have ultimately been limited in the robustness of their analyses. We propose utilizing this aptamer-based technology to describe the systemic proteomic milieu in patients diagnosed with this disease.

Quantifying metadata relevance to network block structure using description length.

Network analysis is often enriched by including an examination of node metadata. In the context of understanding the mesoscale of networks it is often assumed that node groups based on metadata and node groups based on connectivity patterns are intrinsically linked. This assumption is increasingly being challenged, whereby metadata might be entirely unrelated to structure or, similarly, multiple sets of metadata might be relevant to the structure of a network in different ways.

Transesophageal echocardiography and intracerebral pressure (ICP) in neurocritical care patients - An observational study.

Purpose: Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) may cause an increase in intracerebral pressure (ICP). Data are currently lacking.

Methods: Monocentric observational study.

Ocular Imaging Challenges, Current State, and a Path to Interoperability: A HIMSS-SIIM Enterprise Imaging Community Whitepaper.

Office-based testing, enhanced by advances in imaging technology, is routinely used in eye care to non-invasively assess ocular structure and function. This type of imaging coupled with autonomous artificial intelligence holds immense opportunity to diagnose eye diseases quickly. Despite the wide availability and use of ocular imaging, there are several factors that hinder optimization of clinical practice and patient care.

Peripheral opioid receptor antagonism alleviates fentanyl-induced cardiorespiratory depression and is devoid of aversive effects.

Unlabelled: Millions of Americans suffering from Opioid Use Disorders (OUD) face a high risk of fatal overdose due to opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD). Fentanyl, a powerful synthetic opioid, is a major contributor to the rising rates of overdose deaths. Reversing fentanyl-induced respiratory depression has proved to be challenging due to both its high potency and lipophilicity.

Research participant perceptions of personal utility in disclosure of individual research results from genomic analysis.

This article elaborates research participant perspectives on the communication of individual research results from genomic analyses. While most analyses focus on how to communicate results from the perspectives of clinicians or researchers, there is insufficient data on user perspectives and how this information may be used, valued, and interpreted by patients and their families. The concept of personal utility, which considers factors related to quality of life, including on how information may impact the person's future decisions, has been shown to be particularly relevant to understand research participant perspectives and to move beyond clinical and analytic utility factors such as mortality and morbidity.

Performance comparison of a previously validated microhaplotype panel and a forensic STR panel for DNA mixture analysis.

Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) are the most widespread markers in forensic genetics. However, STR stutter peaks can mask alleles from a minor contributor when analysing mixtures, hindering the interpretation of complex profiles. In this study we compared the performance of a previously described panel of microhaplotypes (MHs), an alternative type of forensic marker, against a standard STR kit.

Transactional sex in humanitarian settings: A comparative analysis of livelihood and demographic predictors.

Millions of people have been displaced within or outside their countries. Disruptions associated with displacement often lead to transactional sex with dire social, sexual and reproductive health implications. A common driver of transactional sex is food insecurity among refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs), yet IDP/refugee settings offer an opportunity for females to challenge and renegotiate gender norms and exercise greater control over their lives and sexuality.

Implementation of a multimodal home-based rehabilitation intervention after discharge from inpatient geriatric rehabilitation (GeRas): an early qualitative process evaluation.

Background: Geriatric rehabilitation aims at increasing physical and social activity and maintaining the functional reserve of older people. However, the continuity of geriatric rehabilitation in the outpatient setting is limited due to a lack of structured aftercare programs. In order to overcome this, a three-month multimodal home-based intervention program (GeRas) was implemented.

Identification of antimycobacterial 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives as in vitro enzymatic inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase.

The increasing prevalence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains stimulates the discovery of new drug candidates. Among them are 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) derivatives that exhibited antimicrobial properties. Unfortunately, there is a lack of data assessing possible targets for this class mainly against Mycobacterium tuberculosis enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (MtInhA), a validated target in this field.