Larval Microbiome Composition Provides Evidence for the Presence of Detoxifying Enzymes.

Chironomids (; ) are aquatic insects that are abundant in freshwater. We aimed to study the endogenous microbiota composition of larvae that were sampled from the Mutha River and a laboratory culture in India. Furthermore, we performed a metagenomic analysis of the larval microbiome, sampled from the Mutha River.

Copper and chromium exposure affect chironomid larval microbiota composition.

Chironomids are aquatic insects that are known to be pollution tolerant. We have recently demonstrated that endogenous chironomid microbiota protects its host from toxic metals. Following these findings, we hypothesized that under different environmental conditions, a different bacterial consortium will evolve.

Identification of chironomid species as natural reservoirs of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae strains with pandemic potential.

Vibrio cholerae causes the fatal cholera diarrhea. Chironomids (Diptera; Chironomidae) are abundant in freshwater aquatic habitats and estuaries and are natural reservoirs of V. cholerae.

Changes in Microbiota Composition Along the Metamorphosis Developmental Stages of .

Chironomids (; ), also known as non-biting midges, are one of the most abundant insects in freshwater habitats. Our aim was to understand whether the metamorphosis developmental stages affect the endogenous microbiota composition of . Toward our objective, we analyzed the endogenous microbiota composition of ' four life stages: egg masses, larvae, pupae, and adults.

Quorum-sensing signaling by chironomid egg masses' microbiota, affects haemagglutinin/protease (HAP) production by Vibrio cholerae.

Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, is commonly isolated, along with other bacterial species, from chironomid insects (Diptera: Chironomidae). Nevertheless, its prevalence in the chironomid egg masses' microbiota is less than 0.5%.

Seasonal dynamics of Chironomus transvaalensis populations and the microbial community composition of their egg masses.

Chironomids (Diptera; Chironomidae) are the most abundant insects in freshwater environments and are considered natural reservoirs of Vibrio cholerae. We monitored the annual dynamics of chironomid populations along with their microbiota in order to better understand host-microbiota interactions. Chironomus transvaalensis populations peaked biannually in August and May-June.

Virulence Traits of Environmental and Clinical Legionella pneumophila Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis (MLVA) Genotypes.

causes water-based infections resulting in severe pneumonia. Recently, we showed that different MLVA-8 (multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis using 8 loci) genotypes dominated different sites of a drinking-water distribution system. Each genotype displayed a unique temperature-dependent growth behavior.

Release of neurotransmitter induced by Ca2+-uncaging: reexamination of the ca-voltage hypothesis for release.

The primacy of Ca2+ in controlling the amount of released neurotransmitter is well established. However, it is not yet clear what controls the time-course (initiation and termination) of release. Various experiments indicated that the time-course is controlled by membrane potential per se.