Ribonucleotide reductase from Fusarium oxysporum does not Respond to DNA replication stress.

Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the rate limiting step in dNTP biosynthesis and is tightly regulated at the transcription and activity levels. One of the best characterized responses of yeast to DNA damage is up-regulation of RNR transcription and activity and consequently, elevation of the dNTP pools. Hydroxyurea is a universal inhibitor of RNR that causes S phase arrest.

Monitoring brain damage using bioimpedance technique in a 3D numerical model of the head.

Disturbance in the blood supply to the brain causes a stroke or cerebrovascular accident. This can be due to ischemia caused by blockage (thrombosis, arterial embolism) or a hemorrhage. In this study, the feasibility of basic electrical impedance technique for monitoring such damage was analyzed using a computerized model.

Explosive sport training and torque kinetics in children.

A high rate of force development (RFD) is often more important than maximal force in daily and sports activities. In children, resistance training has been shown to increase maximal force. It is unclear whether, or to what extent, can children improve RFD and force kinetics.

Child-adult differences in the kinetics of torque development.

Children have lower size-normalised maximal voluntary force, speed, and power than adults. It has been hypothesised that these and other age-related performance differences are due to lesser type-II motor-unit utilisation in children. This should be manifested as slower force kinetics in explosive muscle contractions.

Timed high-fat diet resets circadian metabolism and prevents obesity.

Disruption of circadian rhythms leads to obesity and metabolic disorders. Timed restricted feeding (RF) provides a time cue and resets the circadian clock, leading to better health. In contrast, a high-fat (HF) diet leads to disrupted circadian expression of metabolic factors and obesity.

Child-adult differences in muscle activation--a review.

Children differ from adults in many muscular performance attributes such as size-normalized strength and power, endurance, fatigability and the recovery from exhaustive exercise, to name just a few. Metabolic attributes, such as glycolytic capacity, substrate utilization, and VO2 kinetics also differ markedly between children and adults. Various factors, such as dimensionality, intramuscular synchronization, agonist-antagonist coactivation, level of volitional activation, or muscle composition, can explain some, but not all of the observed differences.

Rate of muscle activation in power- and endurance-trained boys.

Unlabelled: Previous studies in adults have demonstrated power athletes as having greater muscle force and muscle activation than nonathletes. Findings on endurance athletes are scarce and inconsistent. No comparable data on child athletes exist.

Do neuromuscular adaptations occur in endurance-trained boys and men?

Most research on the effects of endurance training has focused on endurance training's health-related benefits and metabolic effects in both children and adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the neuromuscular effects of endurance training and to investigate whether they differ in children (9.0-12.

The substructure of the suprachiasmatic nucleus: Similarities between nocturnal and diurnal spiny mice.

Evolutionary transitions between nocturnal and diurnal patterns of adaptation to the day-night cycle must have involved fundamental changes in the neural mechanisms that coordinate the daily patterning of activity, but little is known about how these mechanisms differ. One reason is that information on these systems in very closely related diurnal and nocturnal species is lacking. In this study, we characterize the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the primary brain structure involved in the generation and coordination of circadian rhythms, in two members of the genus Acomys with very different activity patterns, Acomys russatus (the golden spiny mouse, diurnal) and Acomys cahirinus (the common spiny mouse, nocturnal).

Masking and temporal niche switches in spiny mice.

Activity patterns are the product of interactions between an internal circadian clock and direct responses to photic and nonphotic features of the environment that are said to "mask" the influence of that clock. Evolutionary transitions between nocturnality and diurnality involve changes in mechanisms underlying both of these processes. Here, the authors examined how masking influences activity patterns of golden spiny mice ( Acomys russatus), which can be either nocturnal or diurnal, and common spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus), which are strictly nocturnal.

Chronic MCH infusion causes a decrease in energy expenditure and body temperature, and an increase in serum IGF-1 levels in mice.

Melanin concentrating hormone (MCH) is an orexigenic peptide secreted from the lateral hypothalamus. Various observations suggest a role for MCH in energy expenditure in transgenic mice; however, the influence of MCH on energy expenditure and body temperature in WT mice was inadequately studied. Therefore, our first goal was to characterize the influence of chronic intracerebroventrical MCH infusion on energy homeostasis in mice.

Plasticity of circadian activity and body temperature rhythms in golden spiny mice.

Most animals can be categorized as nocturnal, diurnal, or crepuscular. However, rhythms can be quite plastic in some species and vary from one individual to another within a species. In the golden spiny mouse (Acomys russatus), a variety of rhythm patterns have been seen, and these patterns can change considerably as animals are transferred from the field into the laboratory.

Individual variability and photic entrainment of circadian rhythms in golden spiny mice.

Golden spiny mice are diurnally active in most of their natural habitat. Their diurnal activity is ascribed to non-photic cues: competitive exclusion from the nocturnal niche, or thermoregulatory considerations. Here we studied the entrainment of golden spiny mice to light.