Surgical correction of a chin-on-abdomen deformity due to ankylosing spinal deformity and obesity: illustrative case.

Background: Kyphotic spinal deformity is a complication of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). In rare cases, particularly in obese patients, the deformity might extend to the cervicothoracic spine, resulting in a severe "chin-on-abdomen" deformity. This condition severely impairs quality of life by affecting gaze, swallowing, and causing chronic pain.

"White Cord Syndrome" as clinical manifestation of the spinal cord reperfusion syndrome: a systematic review of risk factors, treatments, and outcome.

Objective: Paralysis subsequent to spinal cord decompression in the cervical or thoracic region is infrequent, with White Cord Syndrome (WCS) being among its several causes. Due to WCS's infrequency, there exists a paucity of high-level evidence concerning its manifestations. Our primary objective is to systematically collate all documented WCS cases, discern prevalent risk and prognostic factors, appraise available treatment modalities, and evaluate patient outcomes.

The effectiveness of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) model in people with HIV: A cross sectional study.

Background And Aims: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are a chronic and disabling disease that has a significant impact on quality of life due to weakening of physical health, financial problems and social stigma. This study aims to validate the Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) model in people with human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) in Iran.

Methods: Four hundred and fifty-two people with HIV from Imam Khomeini Hospital between the age of 18 and 65 years (men: 308, women: 144) participated in the research.

Surgical management of transcervical gunshot injury presented with CSF leak and progressive left upper extremity paresis: a case report and literature review.

Introduction: Penetrating neck trauma (PNT) due to gunshot injuries is one of the challenging conditions with the potential for both significant morbidities and mortality.

Research Question: There are significant concerns in the approach to patients with spinal gunshot injuries. Surgery indications, methods of surgery, and management of CSF leaks are the main concerns of these patients.

Management of aggressive recurrent thoracic spine aneurysmal bone cyst in a 7-year-old male: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Spinal aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are rare, histologically benign tumors with aggressive behavior, which may cause bone and soft-tissue destruction, particularly affecting neural elements. Management of these tumors, including treatment modalities and follow-up protocols, remains challenging.

Case Description: A 7-year-old boy presented with chest wall pain persisting for two months before admission, accompanied by progressive mono paresis lasting ten days before admission.

The Advantages of 4-rod Construct over the 2-rod Techniques in Adult Spinal Deformity Patients who Underwent Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy: A Multicenter Retrospective Comparative Study.

Objective: In this retrospective study we compared clinicoradiologic outcomes and complication profiles of the traditional 2-rod construct versus the 4-rod construct in patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD) who underwent pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO).

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 208 ASD patients at 2 referral centers who underwent lumbar PSO and long fusion from thoracic to the pelvis. Two different techniques, including the 4-rod construct and the traditional 2-rod technique, were used at the PSO level.

The quality of care index for low back pain: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 1990-2017.

Background: . Low back pain is one of the major causes of morbidity worldwide. Studies on low back pain quality of care are limited.

Targeted drug delivery in pulmonary therapy based on adhesion and transmission of nanocarriers designed with a metal-organic framework.

With the recent increase in lung diseases, especially with the onset of the coronavirus pandemic, the design of a highly efficient and optimal targeted drug delivery system for the lungs is crucial in inhaler-based delivery systems. This study aimed to design a magnetic field-assisted targeted drug delivery system to the lungs using three types of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and nanoliposomes. The optimization of the system was based on three main parameters: the surface density of the nanocarriers' (NCs) adherence to each of the lung branches, the amount of drug transferred to each branch, and the toxicity based on the rate of nanocarrier delivery to the branches.

Clinicoradiological Outcomes and Complication Profiles of Bilateral Dual Sacral-Alar-Iliac Screws versus Bilateral Single Sacral-Alar-Iliac Screws in Patients with Spinal Deformity Who Underwent Grade 3 or 4 Spinal Osteotomies: A Retrospective Comparative Study.

Objective: To compare short-term clinical and radiological outcomes and complication profiles between bilateral dual sacral-2-alar-iliac (S2AI) screw and bilateral single S2AI screw fixation techniques in patients who underwent grade 3 or 4 spinal osteotomies.

Methods: A retrospective review of 83 patients treated with bilateral dual S2AI screws and 32 patients treated with bilateral single S2AI screws was conducted between 2018 and 2020 with a minimum 1-year follow-up. Clinical and radiological outcomes of patients and incidence of perioperative complications, including rod breakage, screw dislodgment, proximal junctional kyphosis, proximal junctional failure, need for reoperation, and systemic adverse effects, were collected and statistically compared between the groups.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Persian version of selected PROMIS measures for use in lumbar canal stenosis patients.

Background: The National Institutes of Health (NIH) developed a new measurement system called the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) which can be used for multiple health conditions. The 29-item short form (PROMIS-29) with seven domains was more often used by clinical researchers to measure the physical function, mood and sleeping status of patients with low back pain (LBP). Translation of the PROMIS into multiple languages and adaptation of its application in different cultural diversities can help to further standardize clinical research studies and make them comparable to each other.

The Impact of Rigid Cervical Collars on Outcome of Patients Who Underwent Posterior Cervical Laminectomy and Fusion: A Retrospective Comparative Study.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the cervical collar impact on the functional outcomes of patients after posterior cervical laminectomy and lateral mass screw fixation (PCLF) surgery.

Overview Of Literature: The safety and possible benefits of implementing rigid cervical collars subsequent to PCLF are insufficiently investigated.

Percutaneous iliosacral screw insertion with only outlet and inlet fluoroscopic view for unstable pelvic ring injuries: Clinical and radiological outcomes.

Background: Percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation in posterior pelvic ring fractures is challenging and commonly performed under fluoroscopy or navigation techniques. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of percutaneous iliosacral screw implantation under fluoroscopy guidance with only inlet and outlet views.

Methods: This retrospective study included 58 consecutive unstable posterior pelvic injury patients (36 sacral fractures and 22 sacroiliac joint disruptions) treated with percutaneous iliosacral screws between January 2015 and November 2019.

Effect of Topical Administration of Tranexamic Acid on Intraoperative and Postoperative Blood Loss during Posterior Cervical Laminectomy and Fusion Surgery: A Retrospective Study.

Aim: To assess the role of topical administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) on intraoperative and postoperative blood loss of patients undergoing posterior cervical laminectomy and lateral mass screw ?xation (PCLF) compared to a control group.

Material And Methods: The data of 88 patients that underwent PCLF surgery, including 41 females and 47 males, were included in this retrospective study. Data elements including intraoperative blood loss (IBL), postoperative blood loss (PBL), amount of blood transfusion, surgical time, use of hemostatic agents, length of hospital stay, and time to return to work were extracted from medical records and compared between those who received topical TXA during surgery (irrigation of the surgical field with a solution of 3 g TXA in 100 ml normal saline) and an age- and sex-matched control group.

The Impact of Single-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion on Cervical Sagittal Parameters and Its Correlation With Pain and Functional Outcome of Patients With Neck Pain.

Background: This study examines the changes in segmental and global cervical sagittal parameters after single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in patients with cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy. We also investigate whether these changes have any relation with postoperative pain and functional outcome of the patients.

Methods: Sixty patients (37 females and 23 males) with a mean age of 45.

Surgical Management of Pediatric Cervical Angular Kyphosis with 540° Approach and Metacarpal Plate: A Case Report and Introduction of a Novel Technique.

Surgical decompression, deformity correction, and instrumentation of the upper cervical spine are challenging problems in cervical kyphosis, especially in infants and pediatrics. According to patients' age, surgical exposure is difficult and selecting the appropriate instrument for rigid fixation is crucial. In this article, we present a case of 2 years old with cervical angular kyphosis, which was approached posteriorly at first.

The Management and Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection in a Series of Neurosurgical Patients.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted neurosurgical practice worldwide. In Iran, hospitals have halted their routine activities, and most hospital beds have been assigned to COVID-19 patients. Here, we share our experience with 10 neurosurgical cases with confirmed COVID-19.

Dysphonia, Stridor, and Dysphagia Caused By Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) also known as Forestier disease is a noninflammatory, systemic skeletal disease of unknown etiology. DISH is usually asymptomatic but may compress the posterior wall of the aero digestive tract and lead to dysphagia, globus, hoarseness, stridor, dyspnea, and neurological problems. Although dysphagia is not uncommon among the presenting symptoms of DISH but dysphonia and stridor are rarely reported.

Delayed Infection of Occipitocervical Fixation in a Patient with Achondroplasia: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Background: Infections are a major concern in fixation surgeries. Most of the infections could occur in the first three months after the operation.

Case Report: We present a 45-year-old man who known case of achondroplasia who underwent craniospinal fixation and was presented to our clinic with surgical site infection after six years.

Outcome of Posterior-Only Approach for Severe Rigid Scoliosis: A Retrospective Report.

Background: The management of severe scoliosis may lead to significant complications, and adequate mobilization is a key step to achieve maximal correction, usually requiring extensive approaches. There is still no consensus on the management of these severe and rigid curves. In this study we evaluated the clinical and radiologic outcome of a posterior-only approach with multilevel asymmetric Ponte osteotomy with a minimum of 2 years' follow-up.

Comparison of the recruitment of transverse abdominis through drawing-in and bracing in different core stability training positions.

There are many proposed core stability exercises in a variety of positions; however, it is not clear that in which position, activation of transverse abdominis muscle is utmost. We aimed to compare the activation of transverse abdominis muscle in different core stability exercise positions through ultrasound imaging. in a 20 subjects' study we compared the effectiveness of drawing-in and bracing maneuvers on transverse abdominis in different core stability exercise positions (supine, hook lying, supine with 90° flexed knee and hip, supine with stretched knees and 90° flexed hips, bridge, bridge with one stretched knee and Bird dog).