Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Depletes Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Levels of Trigeminal Neurons in Rat Dura Mater.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains a major cause of cerebrovascular morbidity, eliciting severe headaches and vasospasms that have been shown to inversely correlate with vasodilator calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) levels. Although dura mater trigeminal afferents are an important source of intracranial CGRP, little is known about the effects of SAH on these neurons in preclinical models. The present study evaluated changes in CGRP levels and expression in trigeminal primary afferents innervating the dura mater 72 h after experimentally induced SAH in adult rats.

Anti-CGRP antibody galcanezumab modifies the function of the trigeminovascular nocisensor complex in the rat.

Background: Monoclonal antibodies directed against the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are effective in the prevention of chronic and frequent episodic migraine. Since the antibodies do not cross the blood brain barrier, their antinociceptive effect is attributed to effects in meningeal tissues. We aimed to probe if such an antibody can be visualized within the dura mater and the trigeminal ganglia following its administration to rats and to examine if the activity of the trigeminovascular nocisensor complex is influenced by this treatment.

Job satisfaction and work stress among physicians in Norway and Germany-A cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Physicians' health and wellbeing are important albeit often neglected quality indicators of health care systems. The aims of the study were to compare job satisfaction and work stress among doctors in Germany and Norway, and to identify predictors for job satisfaction.

Methods: All active physicians in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany (N = 13,304) and a nationwide sample of Norwegian physicians (N = 2,316) were surveyed in a cross-sectional design in 2021.

Changes in weekly working hours, proportion of doctors with hours above the limitations of European Working Time Directive (EWTD) and time spent on direct patient care for doctors in Norway from 2016 to 2019: a study based on repeated surveys.

Objectives: To compare the total weekly working hours, proportions with work hours above the limitations of European working time directive (EWTD) and time spent on direct patient care in 2016 and 2019 for doctors working in different job positions in Norway.

Design: Repeated postal surveys in 2016 and 2019.

Setting: Norway.

Modification of the TRP Channel TRPA1 as a Relevant Factor in Migraine-Related Intracranial Hypersensitivity.

Recently, the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) has gained more attention in migraine-related research. The involvement of the TRPA1 receptor in migraine headaches is proposed by the fact that TRPA1 may be a target of some migraine-triggering factors. Although it is doubtful that activation of TRPA1 alone is sufficient to induce pain, behavioral studies have demonstrated that TRPA1 is involved in injury- and inflammation-induced hypersensitivity.

Physician participation in quality improvement work- interest and opportunity: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Lack of physician involvement in quality improvement threatens the success and sustainability of quality improvement measures. It is therefore important to assess physicians´ interests and opportunities to be involved in quality improvement and their experiences of such participation, both in hospital and general practice.

Methods: A cross-sectional postal survey was conducted on a representative sample of physicians in different job positions in Norway in 2019.

Insulin sensitizes neural and vascular TRPV1 receptors in the trigeminovascular system.

Background: Clinical observations suggest that hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance can be associated with migraine headache. In the present study we examined the effect of insulin on transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor-dependent meningeal nociceptor functions in rats.

Methods: The effects of insulin on the TRPV1 receptor stimulation-induced release of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) from trigeminal afferents and changes in meningeal blood flow were studied.

TRESK background potassium channel modifies the TRPV1-mediated nociceptor excitability in sensory neurons.

Background: TWIK-related spinal cord potassium channel (TRESK) background potassium channels have a key role in controlling resting membrane potential and excitability of sensory neurons. A frameshift mutation leading to complete loss of TRESK function has been identified in members of a family suffering from migraine with aura. In the present study, we examined the role of TRESK channels on nociceptor function in mice.

Changes in work stress among doctors in Norway from 2010 to 2019: a study based on repeated surveys.

Objectives: To explore and discuss the changes in the levels of work stress for Norwegian doctors in different job positions (hospital doctors, general practitioners (GPs), private practice specialists, doctors in academia) from 2010 to 2019.

Design: Repeated questionnaire surveys in 2010, 2016 and 2019, where samples were partly overlapping.

Setting: Norway.

Why are doctors opting out of general practice?

Background: There has been a sustained focus on the lack of recruitment to general practice in Norwegian politics, media and research. We have little knowledge of the reasons that have been prominent for doctors who have actively opted out of general practice. We therefore wished to investigate what types of doctors choose not to work in general practice and why.

TRP Channels in the Focus of Trigeminal Nociceptor Sensitization Contributing to Primary Headaches.

Pain in trigeminal areas is driven by nociceptive trigeminal afferents. Transduction molecules, among them the nonspecific cation channels transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), which are activated by endogenous and exogenous ligands, are expressed by a significant population of trigeminal nociceptors innervating meningeal tissues. Many of these nociceptors also contain vasoactive neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P.

Changes in job satisfaction among doctors in Norway from 2010 to 2017: a study based on repeated surveys.

Objective: To assess job satisfaction for different categories of Norwegian doctors from 2010 to 2016-2017.

Design: Cross-sectional surveys in 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016-2017 of partly overlapping samples.

Setting: Norway from 2010 to 2016-2017.

How do doctors experience the interactions among professional fulfilment, organisational factors and quality of patient care? A qualitative study in a Norwegian hospital.

Objectives: Doctors increasingly experience high levels of burnout and loss of engagement. To address this, there is a need to better understand doctors' work situation. This study explores how doctors experience the interactions among professional fulfilment, organisational factors and quality of patient care.

Doctors as targets of unwanted sexual attention.

Bakgrunn: #MeToo-kampanjen satte søkelys på forekomst av uønsket seksuell oppmerksomhet innenfor ulike yrkesgrupper. Vi ønsket å undersøke uønsket seksuell oppmerksomhet rettet mot leger, og så på omfang og endring over tid i to representative datasett innsamlet før kampanjen.

Materiale Og Metode: I 1993 og 2014/15 ble det gjennomført spørreundersøkelser om arbeidsforhold, inkludert opplevd uønsket seksuell oppmerksomhet, i representative utvalg av norske leger.

Chronic adriamycin treatment impairs CGRP-mediated functions of meningeal sensory nerves.

Adriamycin is a potent anthracycline-type antitumor agent, but it also exerts potentially serious side effects due to its cardiotoxic and neurotoxic propensity. Multiple impairments in sensory nerve functions have been recently reported in various rat models. The present experiments were initiated in an attempt to reveal adriamycin-induced changes in sensory effector functions of chemosensitive meningeal afferents.

Perceived bullying among Norwegian doctors in 1993, 2004 and 2014-2015: a study based on cross-sectional and repeated surveys.

Objectives: To examine 12-month prevalence of perceived bullying at work for doctors in different job categories and medical disciplines in 1993, 2004 and 2014-2015, and personality traits, work-related and health-related factors associated with perceived workplace bullying.

Design: Cross-sectional questionnaire surveys in 1993, 2004 and 2014-2015 where the 2004 and the 2012-2015 samples are partly overlapping.

Setting: Norway.

Changes in prevalence of workplace violence against doctors in all medical specialties in Norway between 1993 and 2014: a repeated cross-sectional survey.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether reported prevalence of experienced threats, real acts of violence and debilitating fear of violence among Norwegian doctors have increased over the last two decades.

Design: Repeated cross-sectional survey.

Setting: All healthcare levels and medical specialties in Norway.

Doctors' working hours and time spent on patient care in the period 1994 - 2014.

Background: There is always a keen interest in the qualitative and quantitative aspects of doctors’ working hours. In this study developments are described in terms of total weekly working hours and time spent on direct patient care from 1994 to 2014 by doctors working in different job categories and medical disciplines in Norway.

Material And Method: All data has been obtained from LEFO’s reference panel of doctors, a near representative sample of approximately 1 600 practising doctors who have been followed up with questionnaires every second year since 1994.

Weekly working hours for Norwegian hospital doctors since 1994 with special attention to postgraduate training, work-home balance and the European working time directive: a panel study.

Objectives: To examine the weekly working hours of Norwegian hospital doctors from 1994 to 2012 with special emphasis on the quality of postgraduate training and work-home balance, and in relation to the requirements of the European Working Time Directive (EWTD).

Design: Panel study based on postal questionnaires.

Setting: Norway.

Differences in sickness absence between self-employed and employed doctors: a cross-sectional study on national sample of Norwegian doctors in 2010.

Background: Doctors have a low prevalence of sickness absence. Employment status is a determinant in the multifactorial background of sickness absence. The effect of doctors' employment status on sickness absence is unexplored.