Conservation genomics within government led conservation planning: an Australian case study exploring cost and benefit for threatened flora.

The importance of conserving plant genetic diversity has been recognised since the 1980's, but genetic research tools for improving conservation remain largely absent from standard planning. Using an Australian case study framework of the New South Wales Government's Saving our Species program, we outline the costs and benefits associated with conducting genomic analysis within a conservation strategy to inform for example, taxonomic resolution, targeted monitoring, translocations and ex situ collections. Despite a reported sentiment that costs are prohibitive, our study identified that where genetics reports have been provided (32 to date), the cost of genetic sampling, analysis and advice is less than 10% of the total Government investment (SoS program) and will continue decreasing proportionally throughout the years as other management occurs.

Floristic classifications and bioregionalizations are not predictors of intra-specific evolutionary patterns.

The relationship between intra-specific and inter-specific patterns and processes over evolutionary time is key to ecological investigations. We examine this relationship taking an approach of focussing on the association between vegetation and floristic classifications, summaries of inter-specific processes, and intra-specific genetic structuring. Applying an innovative, multispecies, and standardised population genomic approach, we test the relationship between vegetation mapping schemes and structuring of genetic variation across a large, environmentally heterogenous region in eastern Australia.

The landscape genetics of a mass-flowering fire-ephemeral plant.

Premise: Obligate fire ephemerals are annual plants that have germination and reproduction cued by fire occurrence, persisting between fire events in a long-lived soil seed bank. Within these species, gene flow is restricted not only geographically but also temporally because individuals are limited to reproducing with others affected by the same fire event. The patchwork-like distribution of fires may therefore promote population isolation.

Serum Vascular Adhesion Protein-1 and Endothelial Dysfunction in Hepatic Cirrhosis: Searching for New Prognostic Markers.

Endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in the development of liver cirrhosis. Among the biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, the soluble form of Vascular Adhesion Protein-1 (sVAP-1) is an unconventional and less known adhesion molecule endowed also with amine oxidase activity. The aim of this study was to explore and correlate the behavior of sVAP-1 with that of the soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and with the severity of liver cirrhosis.

Environmental and Biogeographic Drivers behind Alpine Plant Thermal Tolerance and Genetic Variation.

In alpine ecosystems, elevation broadly functions as a steep thermal gradient, with plant communities exposed to regular fluctuations in hot and cold temperatures. These conditions lead to selective filtering, potentially contributing to species-level variation in thermal tolerance and population-level genetic divergence. Few studies have explored the breadth of alpine plant thermal tolerances across a thermal gradient or the underlying genetic variation thereof.

Nuxcell Neo improves vaccine efficacy in antibody response.

Current vaccination protocols raise concerns about the efficacy of immunization. There is evidence that changes in the gut microbiota can impact immune response. The formation of the gut microbiota in newborns plays a crucial role in immunity.

Association of Prehospital Neck Wound Survivability and Battlefield Medical Evacuation Time in Afghanistan.

Introduction: The U.S. Military's Golden Hour policy led to improved warfighter survivability during the Global War on Terror.

Where to draw the boundaries? Using landscape genomics to disentangle the scribbly gum species complex.

Premise: Species delimitation is an integral part of evolution and ecology and is vital in conservation science. However, in some groups, species delimitation is difficult, especially where ancestral relationships inferred from morphological or genetic characters are discordant, possibly due to a complicated demographic history (e.g.

Experimental scatter of the fatigue response of additively manufactured components: a statistical method based on the Profile Likelihood.

The fatigue response of additively manufactured (AM) specimens is mainly driven by manufacturing defects, like pores and lack of fusion defects, which are mainly responsible for the large variability of fatigue data in the S-N plot. The analysis of the results of AM tests can be therefore complex: for example, the influence of a specific factor, e.g.

From Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition to Antiproliferative Activity: New Biological Perspectives for Polyamine Analogs.

Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are well-known pharmacological targets in neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. However, recent studies have revealed a new role for MAOs in certain types of cancer such as glioblastoma and prostate cancer, in which they have been found overexpressed. This finding is opening new frontiers for MAO inhibitors as potential antiproliferative agents.

The genome of the Wollemi pine, a critically endangered "living fossil" unchanged since the Cretaceous, reveals extensive ancient transposon activity.

We present the genome of the living fossil, , a southern hemisphere conifer morphologically unchanged since the Cretaceous. Presumed extinct until rediscovery in 1994, the Wollemi pine is critically endangered with less than 60 wild adults threatened by intensifying bushfires in the Blue Mountains of Australia. The 12 Gb genome is among the most contiguous large plant genomes assembled, with extremely low heterozygosity and unusual abundance of DNA transposons.

Cardiolipin drives the catalytic activity of GPX4 on membranes: Insights from the R152H mutant.

The aim of this study was to examine, in biochemical detail, the functional role of the Arg152 residue in the selenoprotein Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4), whose mutation to His is involved in Sedaghatian-type Spondylometaphyseal Dysplasia (SSMD). Wild-type and mutated recombinant enzymes with selenopcysteine (Sec) at the active site, were purified and structurally characterized to investigate the impact of the R152H mutation on enzymatic function. The mutation did not affect the peroxidase reaction's catalytic mechanism, and the kinetic parameters were qualitatively similar between the wild-type enzyme and the mutant when mixed micelles and monolamellar liposomes containing phosphatidylcholine and its hydroperoxide derivatives were used as substrate.

Market Analysis of Video Laryngoscopy Equipment for the Role 1 Setting.

Introduction: Airway compromise is the second leading cause of potentially preventable prehospital combat death. Endotracheal intubation (ETI) remains the most common role 1 airway intervention. Video laryngoscopy (VL) is superior to direct laryngoscopy (DL) for first-attempt intubation, especially in less-experienced providers and for trauma patients.

Paraprobiotics strains accelerate wound repair by stimulating re-epithelialization of NIH-3T3 cells, decreasing inflammatory response and oxidative stress.

The present study aimed to evaluate the potential and specificity of the inflammatory and antioxidant response of Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns (MAMPs) in NIH-3T3 fibroblast cells, as well as in the healing process of skin wounds. Cells (NIH-3T3) were cultivated in supplemented specific medium. NIH-3T3 cells were treated with MAMPs (Bifidobacterium lactis or Lactobacillus casei or Lactobacillus gasseri or Lactobacillus paracasei or Streptococcus thermophilus), at two concentrations and insulted with LPS or HO.

Clinical evaluation of paraprobiotic-associated Bifidobacterium lactis CCT 7858 anti-dandruff shampoo efficacy: A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Objective: The microbiome plays an important role in a wide variety of skin disorders. Hence, dysbiosis in the skin and/or gut microbiome is associated with an altered immune response, promoting the development of skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne vulgaris and dandruff. Studies have shown that paraprobiotics may be promising for the treatment of skin disorders through microbiota modulation and immunomodulation.

Enhancing F Benchtop NMR Spectroscopy by Combining -Hydrogen Hyperpolarization and Multiplet Refocusing.

Benchtop NMR spectrometers provide a promising alternative to high-field NMR for applications that are limited by instrument size and/or cost. F benchtop NMR is attractive due to the larger chemical shift range of F relative to H and the lack of background signal in most applications. However, practical applications of benchtop F NMR are limited by its low sensitivity due to the relatively weak field strengths of benchtop NMR spectrometers.

Differentially regulated targets in the fast-acting antidepressant effect of (R)-ketamine: A systems biology approach.

Approximately two-thirds of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) fail to respond to conventional antidepressants, suggesting that additional mechanisms are involved in the MDD pathophysiology. In this scenario, the glutamatergic system represents a promising therapeutic target for treatment-resistant depression. To our knowledge, this is the first study using semantic approach with systems biology to identify potential targets involved in the fast-acting antidepressant effects of ketamine and its enantiomers as well as identifying specific targets of (R)-ketamine.

Bacillus strains prevent lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in gut and blood of male mice.

Aims: The protective effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens(CCT7935), Bacillus subtilis(CCT7935), Bacillus licheniformis (CCT 7836), and Bacillus coagulans (CCT 0199) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal inflammation were investigated.

Methods And Results: Male Swiss mice were assigned into six groups: control group, LPS group, LPS + B. subtilis (CCT7935) group, LPS +   B.

Petrous apex's dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) mimicking a pineal region tumour: a rare cause of Hakim triad.

A dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is a dural-based shunt between meningeal arteries and meningeal veins, sinuses and/or cortical veins; they have been classified and named according to the location and the flow pattern. Petrous apex DAVFs are located where the petrosal vein penetrates the dura mater into the superior petrosal sinus; there are only few cases reported in the literature, they can show an aggressive behaviour (subarachnoid haemorrhage, severe brainstem oedema) with a high mortality rate. The described case is, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of a DAVF presenting with symptoms mimicking idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.

Evolutionary processes in an undescribed eucalypt: implications for the translocation of a critically endangered species.

Background And Aims: Knowledge of the evolutionary processes responsible for the distribution of threatened and highly localized species is important for their conservation. Population genomics can provide insights into evolutionary processes to inform management practices, including the translocation of threatened plant species. In this study, we focus on a critically endangered eucalypt, Eucalyptus sp.

Effects of different probiotic strains B. lactis, L. rhamnosus and L. reuteri on brain-intestinal axis immunomodulation in an endotoxin-induced inflammation.

The study evaluated the effects of supplementation with three different probiotic strains Bifidobacterium lactis (LACT GB™), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (RHAM GB™) and Lactobacillus reuteri (REUT GB™) on brain-intestinal immunomodulation in an animal model of LPS-induced inflammation. Fifty mice Balb/C were distributed into five groups: control; lipopolysaccharide (LPS); LPS + B. lactis (LACT GB™); LPS + L.

SHARPER-enhanced benchtop NMR: improving SNR by removing couplings and approaching natural linewidths.

We present a signal enhancement strategy for benchtop NMR that produces SNR increases on the order of 10 to 30 fold by collapsing the target resonance into an extremely narrow singlet. Importantly, the resultant signal is amenable to quantitative interpretation and therefore can be applied to analytical applications such as reaction monitoring.