Time efficiency in mental state reasoning of people with multiple sclerosis: The double-sided affective and cognitive Theory of Mind disturbances.

 Theory of Mind (ToM) disturbances are recognized as a hallmark of several neurological conditions including multiple sclerosis (MS). People with MS show lower ToM competencies compared to healthy controls (HC) from the earliest stages of the disease. However, the nature of this disturbance is still under investigation.

Healthcare professionals' beliefs, attitudes, and thoughts toward cardiopulmonary telerehabilitation: A mixed-methods study.

Healthcare professionals' opinions, attitudes, and thoughts toward new digital healthcare are often overlooked. However, they play a crucial role in accepting new digital care strategies. This research aimed to understand the perceptions of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation professionals towards telerehabilitation by conducting a mixed-method study at various Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi centers in Italy.

The 36-Item Yoni Task: Normative Data for the Clinical Assessment of Theory of Mind.

The evaluation of Theory of Mind (ToM) in the clinical setting remains limited due to the lack of valid instruments for a quick and reliable assessment. In this study, the psychometric properties of the Yoni-36 task were tested, and correction grids, equivalence scores, and normative data were computed. : In total, 318 healthy subjects (169 females; mean age = 42.

Human reasoning on social interactions in ecological contexts: insights from the theory of mind brain circuits.

Introduction: The relationship between neural social cognition patterns and performance on social cognition tasks in daily life is a topic of debate, with key consideration given to the extent to which theory of mind (ToM) brain circuits share properties reflecting everyday social functioning. To test the efficacy of ecological stimuli in eliciting brain activation within the ToM brain circuits, we adapted the Edinburgh Social Cognition test social scenarios, consisting of dynamic ecological contextually embedded social stimuli, to a fMRI paradigm.

Methods: Forty-two adults (21 men, mean age ± SD = 34.

Reliability and minimal detectable change of the Yoni task for the theory of mind assessment.

Introduction: The Theory of Mind (ToM) assessment is becoming essential to evaluate the response to a social cognition intervention and to monitor the progression of social abilities impairment in atypical conditions. In the Italian setting, the Yoni task has been recently validated in its short version (the Yoni-48 task) to evaluate ToM in the clinical setting. The present study aimed to verify the test-retest reliability and the Minimal Detectable Change (MDC) of the Yoni-48 task.

Long-lasting improvements in episodic memory among subjects with mild cognitive impairment who received transcranial direct current stimulation combined with cognitive treatment and telerehabilitation: a multicentre, randomized, active-controlled study.

Background: In recent years, an increasing number of studies have examined the potential efficacy of cognitive training procedures in individuals with normal ageing and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Objective: The aims of this study were to (i) evaluate the efficacy of the cognitive Virtual Reality Rehabilitation System (VRRS) combined with anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex compared to placebo tDCS stimulation combined with VRRS and (ii) to determine how to prolong the beneficial effects of the treatment. A total of 109 subjects with MCI were assigned to 1 of 5 study groups in a randomized controlled trial design: (a) face-to-face (FTF) VRRS during anodal tDCS followed by cognitive telerehabilitation (TR) (clinic-atDCS-VRRS+Tele@H-VRRS); (b) FTF VRRS during placebo tDCS followed by TR (clinic-ptDCS-VRRS+Tele@H-VRRS); (c) FTF VRRS followed by cognitive TR (clinic-VRRS+Tele@H-VRRS); (d) FTF VRRS followed by at-home unstructured cognitive stimulation (clinic-VRRS+@H-UCS); and (e) FTF cognitive treatment as usual (clinic-TAU).

Exploring cognitive reserve's influence: unveiling the dynamics of digital telerehabilitation in Parkinson's Disease Resilience.

Telerehabilitation is emerging as a promising digital method for delivering rehabilitation to Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients, especially in the early stages to promote brain resilience. This study explores how cognitive reserve (CR), the brain's ability to withstand aging and disease, impacts the effectiveness of telerehabilitation. It specifically examines the influence of lifelong cognitive activities on the relationship between neural reserve and improved functional abilities following rehabilitation.

Efficacy of telerehabilitation with digital and robotic tools for the continuity of care of people with chronic neurological disorders: The TELENEURO@REHAB protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Context: Chronic Neurological Disorders (CNDs) are among the leading causes of disability worldwide, and their contribution to the overall need for rehabilitation is increasing. Therefore, the identification of new digital solutions to ensure early and continuous care is mandatory.

Objective: This protocol proposes to test the usability, acceptability, safety, and efficacy of Telerehabilitation (TR) protocols with digital and robotic tools in reducing the perceived level of disability in CNDs including Parkinson's Disease (PD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and post-stroke patients.

The key role of depression and supramarginal gyrus in frailty: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The age-related decrease in reserve and resistance to stressors is recognized as frailty, one of the most significant challenges identified in recent years. Despite a well-acknowledged association of frailty with cognitive impairment, depression, and gray matter morphology, no clear data are available regarding the nature of this relationship. This cross-sectional study aims to disentangle the role of the behavioral, neuropsychological, and neural components as predictors or moderators of frailty.

Cognitive Reserve proxies can modulate motor and non-motor basal ganglia circuits in early Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is hallmarked by dysfunctional circuitry between the basal ganglia and dorsolateral-prefrontal cortex. Recently progress has been made in understanding factors contributing to differential susceptibility to pathology mitigating disease-related cognitive decline. Cognitive reserve, the brain processing resources accumulated throughout life while engaged in mentally stimulating activities, can play an important protective role in cognitive performance.

A Multimodal Approach for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Progressive Aphasia (MAINSTREAM): A Study Protocol.

Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) is a syndrome due to different neurodegenerative disorders selectively disrupting language functions. PPA specialist care is underdeveloped. There are very few specialists (neurologists, psychiatrists, neuropsychologists, and speech therapists) and few hospital- or community-based services dedicated to the diagnosis and continuing care of people with PPA.

Beyond the simplicity of theory of mind deficit in multiple sclerosis: from kinetic perception to socio-emotional abstraction and mentalizing.

Background: Theory of Mind (ToM) processing in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is still poorly understood due to the difficulty of most tasks in qualifying the mentalizing deficit net of cognitive load.

Methods: In this study, we administered the New False Belief Animation Task (NFBAT) to 50 MS and 33 healthy controls (HC) to investigate spontaneous mentalizing in ToM and goal-directed interactions. The global cognitive level was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

Design and Development of a Diagnostic System for a Non-Intercepting Direct Measure of the SPIDER Ion Source Beamlet Current.

Stable and uniform beams with low divergence are required in particle accelerators; therefore, beyond the accelerated current, measuring the beam current spatial uniformity and stability over time is necessary to assess the beam performance, since these parameters affect the perveance and thus the beam optics. For high-power beams operating with long pulses, it is convenient to directly measure these current parameters with a non-intercepting system due to the heat management requirement. Such a system needs to be capable of operating in a vacuum in the presence of strong electromagnetic fields and overvoltages, due to electrical breakdowns in the accelerator.

Differential Roles of Neural Integrity, Physical Activity and Depression in Frailty: Sex-Related Differences.

The frailty sex paradox has recently gained attention. At all ages, females are more likely to be frail and show a more severe phenotype but have a higher survival rate compared to males. The main aim was to test sex-specific differences in frailty syndrome using a multimodal evaluation from clinical and imaging data to deepen the understanding of different underlying mechanisms involved in the two sexes, and thus understand the association with different risk factors.

System Integrated Digital Empowering and teleRehabilitation to promote patient Activation and well-Being in chronic disabilities: A usability and acceptability study.

Introduction: Telerehabilitation systems represent a promising way for the management of chronic disability, delivering technology-enabled rehabilitation outside the hospital setting. However, usability and acceptability assessment with users represents a critical starting point when using digital healthcare solutions. This study aims at evaluating the user experience with a Telerehabilitation system (SIDERAB) from the end-user side.

A digital health home intervention for people within the Alzheimer's disease continuum: results from the Ability-TelerehABILITation pilot randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: This study tested the efficacy of digital-health home intervention for people within the Alzheimer's disease (AD)-continuum.

Methods: Thirty people within the AD continuum were randomly assigned to a telerehabilitation (ABILITY; 6 males, M=78.2 ± 3.

Psychometric Calibration of a Tool Based on 360 Degree Videos for the Assessment of Executive Functions.

Introduction: Over the last decades, interactive technologies appeared a promising solution in the ecological evaluation of executive functioning. We have developed the EXecutive-functions Innovative Tool 360° (EXIT 360°), a new instrument that exploits 360° technologies to provide an ecologically valid assessment of executive functioning.

Aim: This work wanted to evaluate the convergent validity of the EXIT 360°, comparing it with traditional neuropsychological tests (NPS) for executive functioning.

Standardization and normative data of the 48-item Yoni short version for the assessment of theory of mind in typical and atypical conditions.

Introduction: The Yoni task is a computerized tool assessing first-and second-order affective and cognitive Theory of Mind (ToM), accounting for the multidimensional and multi-level mentalizing features. The Italian Yoni task has been validated and standardized in its 98-item version, and a 48-item short version has been proposed for a quick digital evaluation of ToM in clinical contexts.

Methods: The present study aimed to test the Yoni-48's convergent validity, correlating the tool score with the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test (ET) and Gender Test (GT), its items discrimination ability through the Classical Test Theory, and Rash model, its reliability by evaluating the internal consistency (McDonald's , Cronbach's , Guttman's , and Guttman's ) and Spearman-Brown ϱ split-half analysis, and to provide standardization and normative data in the Italian population.

Telerehabilitation Approaches for People with Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Telerehabilitation (TR) for chronic heart failure (CHF) allows for overcoming distance barriers and reducing exacerbations. However, little is known about TR descriptors, components, and efficacy in CHF.

Methods: This work systematically reviewed the TR strategies of randomized controlled trials in people with CHF.

Whole-Head Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as an Ecological Monitoring Tool for Assessing Cortical Activity in Parkinson's Disease Patients at Different Stages.

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is increasingly employed as an ecological neuroimaging technique in assessing age-related chronic neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), mainly providing a cross-sectional characterization of clinical phenotypes in ecological settings. Current fNIRS studies in PD have investigated the effects of motor and non-motor impairment on cortical activity during gait and postural stability tasks, but no study has employed fNIRS as an ecological neuroimaging tool to assess PD at different stages. Therefore, in this work, we sought to investigate the cortical activity of PD patients during a motor grasping task and its relationship with both the staging of the pathology and its clinical variables.

Affective Theory of Mind as a residual ability to preserve mentalizing in amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A 12-months longitudinal study.

Introduction: Theory of Mind (ToM) decline has been outlined in people with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI), but evidence from longitudinal studies is lacking. This longitudinal study aims to investigate changes in cognitive and affective ToM performance in an aMCI sample ( = 28; 14 females, mean age = 76.54 ± 4.

Characteristics, Components, and Efficacy of Telerehabilitation Approaches for People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is at the top of the list of non-communicable diseases with related rehabilitation needs. Digital medicine may provide continuative integrated intervention, overcoming accessibility and cost barriers.

Methods: We systematically searched for randomized controlled trials on telerehabilitation (TR) in people with COPD to profile the adopted TR strategies, focusing on TR models and the main rehabilitation actions: monitoring and assessment, decision, and feedback.

Corrigendum: Available virtual reality-based tools for executive functions: A systematic review.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.