Impact of oral early antiviral therapies for mild-moderate COVID-19 in the outpatient's setting during Omicron era: a pharmacoeconomic analysis.

Background: Molnupiravir (MOL) and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NIR) decreased mortality and hospital admissions in high-risk patients with mild to moderate COVID-19. Nevertheless, there is a lack of data about the pharmacoeconomic impact of these antivirals in the Omicron era. We conducted a pharmacoeconomic analysis assessing the medical costs of the use of these antivirals compared to those occurred in people who refused the treatment.

Pathological Consequences in Anti-HCV Antibody-Positive Organ Donation to an Anti-HCV Antibody-Negative Recipient.

Background: The need to expand the pool of available organs for transplantation has meant that the use of marginal organs is increasingly widespread. The advent of antiviral therapy for hepatitis C virus (HCV) has made it possible to consider the donation of organs from HCV-positive donors and even from viremic donors.

Methods: In HCV-positive to HCV-negative antibody donor transplantation, the development of antibodies to HCV is uneven, depending on the organ transplanted and with differences in the time of appearance.

Enhancing Monitoring Performance: A Microservices Approach to Monitoring with Spyware Techniques and Prediction Models.

In today's digital landscape, organizations face significant challenges, including sensitive data leaks and the proliferation of hate speech, both of which can lead to severe consequences such as financial losses, reputational damage, and psychological impacts on employees. This work considers a comprehensive solution using a microservices architecture to monitor computer usage within organizations effectively. The approach incorporates spyware techniques to capture data from employee computers and a web application for alert management.

Mental Health First Aid Training for Allied Health Clinical Educators: A Pre- and Post-Evaluation.

Purpose: Health profession students may experience mental health issues during training, and clinical educators report that they don't feel confident in supporting students with these issues. This study explored whether a customized Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training programme changed the knowledge, perceptions, intentions, and confidence of clinical educators in supporting students with mental health issues in the workplace.

Method: Twenty-four allied health clinical educators from a tertiary health service attended a two-day customized MHFA course.

Redevelopment of mental health first aid guidelines for substance use problems: a Delphi study.

Background: Substance use problems have a major impact on the physical and mental health of individuals, families and communities. Early intervention may have a positive effect on recovery and treatment outcomes for those with substance use problems, reducing related risk and harm. Separate mental health first aid guidelines on how a member of the public could assist someone experiencing or developing alcohol use and drug use problems in high income Western countries were developed using Delphi expert consensus in 2009 and 2011, respectively.

Immature platelet dynamics are associated with clinical outcomes after major trauma.

Background: Major trauma results in dramatic changes in platelet behavior. Newly formed platelets are more reactive than older platelets, but their contributions to hemostasis and thrombosis after severe injury have not been previously evaluated.

Objectives: To determine how immature platelet metrics and plasma thrombopoietin relate to clinical outcomes after major injury.

A comparative analysis of tranexamic acid dosing strategies in traumatic major hemorrhage.

Introduction: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a life-saving treatment for traumatic hemorrhage, but the optimal dosing regimen remains unknown. Different doses and treatment strategies have been proposed, including single bolus, repeated bolus, or bolus plus infusion. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different TXA dosing strategies on clinical outcomes in bleeding trauma patients.

Nationwide analysis of prehospital tranexamic acid for trauma demonstrates systematic bias in adherence to treatment guidelines: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Prehospital (PH) tranexamic acid (TXA) improves survival from trauma haemorrhage. Injury mechanism, physiology, and sex demographics vary with patient age. The authors hypothesised that these factors influence TXA guideline compliance and examined national trends in PH use to identify any systematic biases in bleeding management.

A new global fibrinolysis capacity assay for the sensitive detection of hyperfibrinolysis and hypofibrinogenemia in trauma patients.

Background: Conventional clotting tests are not expeditious enough to allow timely targeted interventions in trauma, and current point-of-care analyzers, such as rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM), have limited sensitivity for hyperfibrinolysis and hypofibrinogenemia.

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of a recently developed global fibrinolysis capacity (GFC) assay in identifying fibrinolysis and hypofibrinogenemia in trauma patients.

Methods: Exploratory analysis of a prospective cohort of adult trauma patients admitted to a single UK major trauma center and of commercially available healthy donor samples was performed.

Sonorheometry versus rotational thromboelastometry in trauma: a comparison of diagnostic and prognostic performance.

Background: Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) is used to rapidly identify trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) and direct targeted interventions in hemorrhaging trauma patients. A novel technology, Quantra System (HemoSonics), utilizes sonic estimation of elasticity via resonance sonorheometry, avoids mechanical clot interference, and may increase diagnostic accuracy, but there are limited data on bleeding in major trauma patients.

Objectives: To compare the performance of Quantra with that of ROTEM for rapid diagnosis of TIC and prediction of transfusion requirements and mortality.

Linguistic structure modulates attention in reading: Evidence from negative concord in Italian.

We report the reading performance of an Italian speaker with egocentric Neglect Dyslexia on sentences with Negative Concord structures, which contain a linguistic cue to the presence of a preceding negative marker and compare it to sentences with no such cue. As predicted, the frequency of reading the whole sentence, including the initial negative marker , was higher in Negative Concord structures than in sentences which also started with , but crucially, lacked the medially positioned linguistic cue to the presence of . These data support the claim that the presence of linguistic cues to sentence structure modulates attention during reading in Neglect Dyslexia.

Factors Associated With Residual Apnea-Hypopnea Index Variability During CPAP Treatment.

Background: CPAP is the first-line therapy for OSA. A high or variable residual apnea-hypopnea index (rAHI) reflects treatment failure and potentially is triggered by exacerbation of cardiovascular comorbidities. Previous studies showed that high rAHI and large rAHI variability are associated with underlying comorbidities, OSA characteristics at diagnosis, and CPAP equipment, including mask type and settings.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Intrinsic Cell Death Regulates Immune Response and Prognosis.

Ablative and locoregional treatment options, such as radiofrequency, ethanol injection, microwave, and cryoablation, as well as irreversible electroporation, are effective therapies for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatocyte death caused by ablative procedures is known to increase the release of tumor-associated antigen, thus enhancing tumor immunogenicity. In addition, the heat ablative resection induces pyroptotic cell death accompanied by the release of several inflammatory factors and immune-related proteins, including damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), heat shock proteins (HSPs), ficolin 3, ATP, and DNA/RNA, which potentiate the antitumoral immune response.

Development of the Mental Health Support Scale: A New Measure of Mental Health First Aid Behaviors.

Mental health first aid (MHFA) courses teach community members the knowledge and skills needed to recognize and respond to mental health problems until professional help is received or the crisis resolves. This study aimed to develop a reliable and valid measure of MHFA behaviors. A pool of actions that were recommended and not recommended were selected from MHFA guidelines and developed into two scales measuring either intended or provided support.

Counting on U training to enhance trusting relationships and mental health literacy among business advisors: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Financial distress is thought to be a key reason why small-medium enterprise (SME) owners experience higher levels of mental health conditions compared with the broader population. Business advisors who form trusting, high-quality relationships with their SME clients, are therefore well placed to: (1) help prevent/reduce key sources of financial distress, (2) better understand the business and personal needs of their clients and, (3) recognise the signs and symptoms of mental health conditions and encourage help-seeking where appropriate. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of relationship building training (RBT) combined with mental health first aid (MHFA) training for business advisors with MHFA alone, on the financial and mental health of their SME-owner clients.

Redevelopment of mental health first aid guidelines for supporting someone experiencing a panic attack: a Delphi study.

Background: Panic attacks and panic disorder can have a major impact on the mental health and wellbeing of those who experience them. People with recurrent panic attacks have increased odds of developing a mental disorder and of worsening the course of existing mental disorders. Early intervention efforts at the time that a panic attack occurs might reduce or prevent some of these associated negative outcomes.

Evaluation of the Conversations About Gambling Mental Health First Aid course: effects on knowledge, stigmatising attitudes, confidence and helping behaviour.

Background: The effects of problem gambling are wide-ranging, affecting many aspects of health and negatively impacting the person who gambles, their family and friends, and their community. People experiencing problem gambling have low rates of help-seeking and perceive many barriers to treatment, although evidence suggests that encouragement and support from friends and family can increase rates of help-seeking. Mental Health First Aid Australia's Conversations About Gambling course aims to teach members of the public evidence-based strategies for recognising and responding to signs of problem gambling in a person they know.

Temporal Transitions in Fibrinolysis after Trauma: Adverse Outcome Is Principally Related to Late Hypofibrinolysis.

Background: The relationship between late clinical outcomes after injury and early dynamic changes between fibrinolytic states is not fully understood. The authors hypothesized that temporal transitions in fibrinolysis states using rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) would aid stratification of adverse late clinical outcomes and improve understanding of how tranexamic acid modulates the fibrinolytic response and impacts mortality.

Methods: The authors conducted a secondary analysis of previously collected data from trauma patients enrolled into an ongoing prospective cohort study (International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number [ISRCTN] 12962642) at a major trauma center in the United Kingdom.

Reasons for not providing initial support to a colleague, friend, or family member experiencing a mental health problem or crisis.

Aim: To investigate reasons for not helping a person experiencing a mental health problem, and explore factors associated with not offering help.

Methods: Data were collected as part of a randomized controlled trial evaluating Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) in the workplace conducted with 608 Australian adults. Participants were asked if a colleague, friend, or family member had any mental health problem in the last 12 months, whether they had tried to help them, and reasons for not helping.

The Relationship Between Cognitive Abilities and Trait Clinical Features in Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder.

Very few studies have focused on the relationship between cognitive functions and clinical features in borderline personality disorder (BPD). Subjects with BPD and healthy controls were administered the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, Trail Making Test A and B, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-53) was used to assess the severity of current symptoms.

The use of computer-guided flapless dental implant surgery (Nobel guide®) and immediate function to support a fixed full-arch prosthesis in fresh frozen homologous bone grafted patients: a retrospective cohort study with 5 to 8-year follow-up.

The introduction of computer-assisted and guided surgery has radically improved the possibility of using all available bone for implant support, reducing the need for extensive grafting procedures and allowing for better implant placement and restoration. Moreover, fresh frozen homologous bone (FFB) grafts have shown good osteoconductive properties and biocompatibility with results comparable to autologous bone patients. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the survival and the success rate of implants and related fixed full arch prosthesis at the 5 to 8 years follow-up when performed with immediate function using a flapless surgical procedure and computer-aided technology (NobelGuide®, Nobel Biocare® AB, Goteborg, Sweden) in patients previously treated with FFB grafts; treated at the University of Verona with the NobelGuide® system from January 2007 to December 2012 with at least 5 years follow-up were reviewed.