Effectiveness of prevention of SARS-CoV-2 transmission among unvaccinated Italian healthcare workers.

Background: We aimed to investigate the association between personal protective equipment (PPE) use and SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers (HCWs).

Methods: We analyzed occupational surveillance contact forms followed by a PCR test notified between March and September 2020 by Italian HCWs. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) for positive PCR based on HCWs and contacts characteristics were calculated through multivariable logistic regression models.

Interprofessional Communication Team for Caregivers of Patients Hospitalized in the COVID-19 Wards: Results From an Italian Experience.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, emergency restrictions did not allow clinician family meetings and relatives' visits. In Molinette Hospital, a new communication model between healthcare providers and families of COVID-19 affected patients was developed by a team of physicians and psychologists. The study's aims were to investigate caregivers' distress and to analyse their satisfaction with the communications provided.

Transitional care: A new model of care from young age to adulthood.

Introduction: Transition of care represents the transfer from child to adult care. An effective transition maintains continuity of care and presents better clinical outcomes. This process has assumed growing relevance, thanks to improved survivorship of chronic paediatric patients.

Knowledge and beliefs on vaccines among a sample of Italian pregnant women: results from the NAVIDAD study.

Background: Vaccine hesitancy is an emerging phenomenon in European countries and leads to decreasing trends in infant vaccine coverage. The aim of this study was to analyze the level of confidence and correct awareness about immunizations, which are crucial for the success of vaccination programmes.

Methods: As part of the NAVIDAD multicentre study, we examined vaccination confidence and complacency among a sample of 1820 pregnant women from 14 Italian cities.

Orthorexia Nervosa: A cross-sectional study among athletes competing in endurance sports in Northern Italy.

Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) is an eating disorder marked by an excessive control over the quality of the food eaten. Some groups present a higher prevalence of ON and people practicing sports seems to be a population at risk. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of ON in endurance athletes and to compare their prevalence with the ones recorded in the sedentary population and in athletes playing other sports.

Healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in long-term care facilities (HALT3): an overview of the Italian situation.

Background: Awareness of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial use in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) is increasing. In 2017, the third national point prevalence survey (PPS) was conducted in Italy as part of the third 'Healthcare-Associated Infections in European Long-Term Care Facilities' (HALT3) study.

Aim: To report the results of HALT3 and analyse the resident population of LTCFs, implementation of good practices, prevalence of infections and antimicrobial use.

Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs towards compulsory vaccination: a systematic review.

Currently, many countries are dealing with groups refusing available recommended vaccinations. Despite several studies having demonstrated the efficacy of mandatory vaccinations in ensuring herd immunity, opposition is widespread. The aim of our study was to systematically review published studies evaluating attitudes towards mandatory vaccination programs.

Spatiotemporal trends in ground-level ozone concentrations and metrics in France over the time period 1999-2012.

The hourly ozone (O3) data from 332 background monitoring stations, spread in France, were analyzed over the period 1999-2012 and short-term trends were calculated. In the current climate change context, the calculation of human health- and vegetation-relevant metrics, and of associated trends, provides a consistent method to establish proper and effective policies to reduce the adverse O3 effects. The generation of optimal O3 maps, for risk and exposure assessment, is challenging.

Air quality and social deprivation in four French metropolitan areas--a localized spatio-temporal environmental inequality analysis.

Several studies have documented that more deprived populations tend to live in areas characterized by higher levels of environmental pollution. Yet, time trends and geographic patterns of this disproportionate distribution of environmental burden remain poorly assessed, especially in Europe. We investigated the spatial and temporal relationship between ambient air nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations and socioeconomic and demographic data in four French metropolitan areas (Lille in the North, Lyon in the center, Marseille in the South, and Paris) during two different time periods.

Peritoneal lavage with povidone-iodine solution in experimentally induced peritonitis.

Two experimental studies were carried out upon dogs to clarify the efficacy of peritoneal povidone-iodine lavage in peritonitis. With an experimental model of peritonitis which closely resembles the clinical situation, we found that peritoneal lavage with povidone-iodine was not more effective than other lavage regimens in decreasing bacterial colony counts and was associated with an early 100 per cent mortality. Renal function was not affected by the treatment with this antiseptic solution.

The significance of elevation of serum phosphate levels in experimental intestinal ischemia.

It has been suggested that the serum phosphate level is significantly elevated early in massive intestinal infarction. We attempted to determine whether or not this elevation in serum phosphate level is indeed an early and reliable diagnostic finding and to define the relationship between this elevation, the re-establishment of mesenteric blood flow and the viability of the intestinal wall. Significant elevation in serum phosphate value occurred after four hours of ischemia.

The technique of myotomy in esophageal reconstruction: an experimental study.

Circular myotomy has been shown to be a useful technique for approximating widely separated segments in esophageal atresia. We tested variations of this technique experimentally in dogs and found a significantly greater decrease in tension after double, spiral, and stepladder myotomies. Complications as measured by mortality and morbidity (leaks, strictures, and weight loss) were not found to differ statistically in the various groups, although there is a suggestion that the spiral myotomy group may have less postoperative problems.