Contamination source identification for the prompt management of a gastroenteritis outbreak caused by norovirus in drinking water in Northern Italy.

In June 2022, a gastroenteritis outbreak occurred in a town in Northern Italy, possibly associated with the ingestion of norovirus from public drinking water. Noroviruses are highly infectious RNA viruses, with high stability in the environment. They are the primary cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, and despite the fact that the disease is mainly self-limiting, norovirus infection can lead to severe illness in the immunocompromised, the elderly and children.

Role of aetiology, diabetes, tobacco smoking and hypertension in hepatocellular carcinoma survival.

Background: Aim of this study was to investigate the role of aetiology, diabetes, tobacco smoking and hypertension in the survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: A prospective cohort of 552 patients (81.5% males, mean age 64.

DNA damage in buccal mucosa cells of pre-school children exposed to high levels of urban air pollutants.

Air pollution has been recognized as a human carcinogen. Children living in urban areas are a high-risk group, because genetic damage occurring early in life is considered able to increase the risk of carcinogenesis in adulthood. This study aimed to investigate micronuclei (MN) frequency, as a biomarker of DNA damage, in exfoliated buccal cells of pre-school children living in a town with high levels of air pollution.