Occurrence of coccidioidomycosis in a tertiary hospital in the Brazilian semi-arid region: diagnostic challenges.

Coccidioidomycosis is a systemic fungal infection that primarily affects the lungs in mammals. It is endemic to certain areas of the Americas. In Brazil, the disease occurs exclusively in the Northeast of the country, and the only etiological agent described is Coccidioides posadasii, typically found in the soil of arid regions with low rainfall.

Antibiotics stimulates the development of persistent cells in biofilms of bloodstream isolates.

invasive candidiasis is considered a global health problem. In such cases, biofilm formation on implanted devices represents a therapeutic challenge and the presence of metabolically inactive persistent cells (PCs) in these communities increases their tolerance to fungicidal drugs. This study investigated the influence of amoxicillin, AMX; cefepime, CEF; gentamicin, GEN; amikacin, AMK; vancomycin, VAN; and ciprofloxacin, CIP; on the production of PCs in biofilms of bloodstream isolates.

Fusarium keratitis in a Brazilian tropical semi-arid area: Clinical-epidemiological features, molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility.

Background: Fungal keratitis is a severe eye infection that can result in blindness and visual impairment, particularly in developing countries. Fusarium spp. are the primary causative agents of this condition.

Repurposing approved drugs as potential efflux pump inhibitors in multidrug-resistant .

To evaluate the action of promethazine, fluoxetine and carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone as efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) against multidrug-resistant . The effect of the compounds was evaluated in planktonic cells and bacterial biofilms. Accumulation tests were performed with ethidium bromide to prove their action as EPIs.

Antibiofilm activity of promethazine, deferiprone, and Manuka honey in an ex vivo wound model.

This study evaluated the antibiofilm activity of promethazine, deferiprone, and Manuka honey against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro and ex vivo in a wound model on porcine skin. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the effects of the compounds on biofilms were evaluated. Then, counting colony-forming units (CFUs) and confocal microscopy were performed on biofilms cultivated on porcine skin for evaluation of the compounds.

β-Estradiol and progesterone enhance biofilm development and persister cell formation in monospecies and microcosms biofilms derived from vulvovaginal candidiasis.

The present study aimed to: (1) evaluate the influence of the steroid hormones (SH) on biofilm development; (2) investigate the formation of persister cells (PC) in biofilms; and (3) investigate the influence of SH on PC formation. Biofilms were derived from vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) samples and evaluated by three models: microcosm biofilms grown in Vaginal Fluid Simulator Medium (MiB-VFSM); monospecies biofilms grown in VFSM (MoB-VFSM) and RPMI media (MoB-RPMI). SH altered cell counting and biomass of biofilms grown in VSFM; MoB-RPMI were negatively affected by SH.

Effect of promethazine on biofilms of gram-positive cocci associated with infectious endocarditis.

This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of promethazine against , and and its effect on the antimicrobial susceptibility of biofilms grown and on porcine heart valves. Promethazine was evaluated alone and in combination with vancomycin and oxacillin against spp. and vancomycin and ceftriaxone against in planktonic form and biofilms grown and .

Promethazine inhibits efflux, enhances antifungal susceptibility and disrupts biofilm structure and functioning in .

spp. are emerging opportunistic fungi associated with invasive infections, especially in patients with haematological malignancies. The present study investigated the inhibition of efflux pumps by promethazine (PMZ) as a strategy to control and .

Standardization of in vitro dual-species biofilms of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Malassezia pachydermatis: a strategy to establish an ex vivo biofilm model.

Ex vivo experiments have been performed aiming at mimicking in vivo environments. The main aim of this research was to standardize in vitro dual-species biofilm formation by Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Malassezia pachydermatis as a strategy to establish an ex vivo biofilm model. Initially, the in vitro formation of biofilms in co-culture was established, using YPD medium, inoculum turbidity of 0.

effect of the iron chelator deferiprone on the antimicrobial susceptibility and biofilms of .

This study evaluated the effect of the iron chelator deferiprone (DFP) on antimicrobial susceptibility and biofilm formation and maintenance by . Planktonic susceptibility to DFP alone and in combination with antibiotics was evaluated by broth microdilution and biofilm metabolic activity was determined with resazurin. DFP minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range was 4-64 µg/mL and in combination reduced the MIC for amoxicillin/clavulanate and meropenem.

Virulence factors of Gram-negative bacteria from free-ranging Amazon river dolphins (Inia geoffrensis).

Freshwater cetaceans play a significant role as sentinel animals, providing important data on animal species and aquatic ecosystem health. They also may serve as potential reservoirs of emerging pathogens and host virulence genes in their microbiota. In this study, we evaluated virulence factors produced by Gram-negative bacteria recovered from individuals belonging to two populations of free-ranging Amazon river dolphins (Inia geoffrensis).

Ex vivo wound model on porcine skin for the evaluation of the antibiofilm activity of polyhexamethylene biguanide and ciprofloxacin.

This study aimed to standardize the use of an ex vivo wound model for the evaluation of compounds with antibiofilm activity. The in vitro susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 to ciprofloxacin and polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) was evaluated in planktonic and biofilm growth. The effects of ciprofloxacin and PHMB on biofilms grown on porcine skin explants were evaluated by colony-forming unit (CFU) counting and confocal microscopy.

Malassezia spp. and Candida spp. from patients with psoriasis exhibit reduced susceptibility to antifungals.

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects over 125 million people worldwide. Many studies have shown the importance of the microbiome for psoriasis exacerbation.

Aim: Explore the fungal load and species composition of cultivable yeasts on the skin of psoriatic patients (PP) and healthy volunteers living in a tropical area and evaluate the susceptibility to antifungals.

The Potential of Phenothiazines against Endodontic Pathogens: A Focus on Dual-Species Biofilm.

Persistent apical periodontitis occurs when the endodontic treatment fails to eradicate the intraradicular infection, and is mainly caused by Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts, such as and , respectively. Phenothiazines have been described as potential antimicrobials against bacteria and fungi. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial potential of promethazine (PMZ) and chlorpromazine (CPZ) against and dual-species biofilms.

Heterologous extracellular DNA facilitates the development of and biofilms and enhances their tolerance to antifungals.

and are emergent agents of deep-seated and disseminated infections in immunocompromised patients. The present study aimed to investigate the role of extracellular DNA (eDNA) and the enzyme deoxyribonuclease (DNase) on the structure of and biofilms, as well as to examine their effect on the susceptibility to antifungals. Biofilms reached maturity at 48 h; eDNA concentration in the supernatant increased over time (6 < 24 h < 48h).

The role of human bocavirus as an agent of community-acquired pneumonia in children under 5 years of age in Fortaleza, Ceará (Northeast Brazil).

The human bocavirus (HBoV) is an agent of upper and lower respiratory infections, affecting mainly children under 5 years of age. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an important public health problem in developing countries, representing one of the main causes of hospitalizations and deaths in children. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of HBoV and the clinical and epidemiological characteristics in children diagnosed with CAP.

and dual-species biofilm: establishment of an protocol and characterization.

is the most important agent of persistent apical periodontitis, and recently, has also been implicated in periapical infections. This study aimed to optimize an and dual-species biofilm protocol for endodontic research. Different physicochemical conditions for biofilm formation were tested.

The herbicide paraquat alters growth and melanin production on the species complex.

Paraquat (1,10-dimethyl-4,4-bipyridinium dichloride; PQ) is a free-radical producing herbicide that affects cell membranes and can upset the environmental balance of microorganisms present in soil, such as spp. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro activity of PQ against spp. in planktonic and biofilm forms, as well as the protective effect of antioxidant agents against the antifungal effect of PQ and the kinetics of melanin production in response to PQ.

Lethal destructive sinusopathy due to amphotericin B-resistant Aspergillus flavus: A case report.

Background: The prevalence of pulmonary aspergillosis and the importance of its early diagnosis are recognized. However, non-pulmonary involvement, including the sinuses region, is not frequently reported, and an infection in this area can affect all paranasal sinuses (pansinusopathy), being a rare pathology that affects immunocompromised hosts. Recent studies have highlighted the occurrence of Aspergillus flavus resistant to antifungal therapy.

One Health Implications of Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Amazon River Dolphins.

Studies on the microbiota of freshwater cetaceans are scarce and may provide important data on animal and environmental health. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria recovered from two populations of free-ranging Amazon river dolphins (Inia geoffrensis). Twenty-one animals were captured and released, 13 from Negro River and 8 from Tapajós River, Brazil.

Anthraquinones from spp. inhibit : effects against growing and mature biofilms.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aloe emodin, barbaloin and chrysophanol on growing and mature biofilms of . The compounds were added at the moment of inducing biofilm growth or after growth for 72 h to evaluate their effects on growing and mature biofilms, respectively. Then, biofilm biomass was evaluated by crystal violet staining and metabolic activity by the XTT reduction assay.