Late-onset relapsing neurotoxicity after Brexucabtagene autoleucel associated with high chimeric antigen receptor T cells in cerebrospinal fluid.

Background Aims: Mounting evidence suggests that persistent cell expansion is the main driver for both efficacy and toxicity of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Hereby, we describe a case of delayed recurrent neurotoxicity associated with late CAR T-cells re-expansion.

Case Description: A 44-year-old man suffering from mantle cell lymphoma received brexu-cel.

Feasibility and Efficacy of CD45RA+ Depleted Donor Lymphocytes Infusion After Haploidentical Transplantation With Post-Transplantation Cyclophosphamide in Patients With Hematological Malignancies.

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation from haploidentical donor using post-transplantation cyclophosphamide has been used to cure hematological diseases. Because of slow immunological reconstitution, there is an increased incidence of viral infection. The aim of our study was to prospectively evaluate the efficacy and the feasibility of a CD45RA+ depleted donor lymphocytes infusion (DLI) in terms of reduction of viral infection early after haploidentical transplantation.

Desensitization with plasma exchange in a patient with human leukocyte antigen donor-specific antibodies before T-cell-replete haploidentical transplantation.

Background: The presence of human leukocyte antigen donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) increases the risk of graft failure in T-cell-replete haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) CASE REPORT: A 49-year-old female with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission received a haplo-HSCT from her daughter. Pretransplant recipient screening examination showed high DSAs levels against unshared class I leukocyte antigens.

Results: The patient underwent a desensitization program consisting of plasma exchange (PEX), polyvalent intravenous (IV) immunoglobulins, and IV tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF).

Genetic analysis of polynucleotide phosphorylase structure and functions.

Polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase) is a phosphate-dependent 3' to 5' exonuclease widely diffused among bacteria and eukaryotes. The enzyme, a homotrimer, can also be found associated with the endonuclease RNase E and other proteins in a heteromultimeric complex, the RNA degradosome. PNPase negatively controls its own gene (pnp) expression by destabilizing pnp mRNA.