Navigating athlete development in elite sport: Understanding the barriers to the provision of performance lifestyle service in England.

The English Performance Lifestyle (PL) service is a Career Assistance Program that aims to support British elite athletes in their holistic development throughout their time in elite sport to support their mental health and career prospects during and following their careers as athletes. Yet, despite the widespread existence and significant funding dedicated to this service, researchers have identified how it is often not fully embedded or used by sport organizations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to extend previous research by understanding the barriers to the provision of the PL service.

50 Years of Research on the Psychology of Sport Injury: A Consensus Statement.

Factors influencing sport injury risk, rehabilitation outcomes, and return to sport processes have been the focus in various research disciplines (sports medicine, psychology and sociology). One discipline, with over 50 years of scholarship, is the psychology of sport injury. Despite the research in this field, there is no evidence-based consensus to inform professional practice.

The athlete psychological well-being inventory: Factor equivalence with the sport injury-related growth inventory.

Until now, research on growth following sport injury has relied exclusively on retrospective reports and nomothetic measures drawn from other fields of research. Therefore, to more objectively explore growth following sport injury pre- and post-injury, rather than retrospectively, this study adapts and examines the psychometric properties of the Athlete Psychological Well-Being Inventory (APWBI), which can be used throughout the sport injury process (i.e.

Optimising the Early-Stage Rehabilitation Process Post-ACL Reconstruction.

Outcomes following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) need improving, with poor return-to-sport rates and a high risk of secondary re-injury. There is a need to improve rehabilitation strategies post-ACLR, if we can support enhanced patient outcomes. This paper discusses how to optimise the early-stage rehabilitation process post-ACLR.

Behaviour change practices in exercise referral schemes: developing realist programme theory of implementation.

Background: Exercise Referral Schemes have been delivered worldwide in developed countries to augment physical activity levels in sedentary patients with a range of health issues, despite their utility being questioned. Understanding the implementation mechanisms of behaviour change practices is important to avoid inappropriate decommissioning and support future service planning. The aim of this study was to develop initial theories to understand what influences the behaviour change practices of Exercise Referral practitioners within the United Kingdom.

Breast Education Improves Adolescent Girls' Breast Knowledge, Attitudes to Breasts and Engagement With Positive Breast Habits.

Many females experience breast-related issues that are considered to negatively impact health and well-being. These include breast cancer, issues related to incorrect bra fit, and issues related to breast movement including an increased incidence of breast pain, breast sag, and embarrassment, which can be a barrier to physical activity participation. Knowledge and awareness of these breast issues among females is low.

Prosthetic Rehabilitation in Practice: An Exploration of Experiential Knowledge in the Multidisciplinary Team.

The aim of this research was to explore the experiential knowledge of patient-facing staff working in a prosthetic rehabilitation center in the United Kingdom. Eleven members of staff with varied roles and levels of experience took part in semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Narratives of Recovery Over the First Year After Major Lower Limb Loss.

The objectives of this research were to extend previous research by exploring the psychosocial experiences of patients over the first year after major lower limb amputation (MLLA) and identify implications for rehabilitation practice. This research took place at a United Kingdom-based National Health Service-operated prosthetic rehabilitation center. Thirty patients were recruited who had experienced MLLA within the last year and were undertaking prosthetic rehabilitation.

Can Preinjury Adversity Affect Postinjury Responses? A 5-Year Prospective, Multi-Study Analysis.

Informed by and drawing on both the integrated model of response to sport injury (Wiese-Bjornstal et al., 1998) and the biopsychosocial model of challenge and threat states (Blascovich, 2008), this multi-study paper examined whether preinjury adversity affected postinjury responses over a 5-year time period. Study 1 employed a prospective, repeated measures methodological design.

Back to Normal Symmetry? Biomechanical Variables Remain More Asymmetrical Than Normal During Jump and Change-of-Direction Testing 9 Months After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: After anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), athletes have demonstrated performance asymmetries as compared with healthy cohorts, but little research has investigated if biomechanical asymmetries are also different during jump and change-of-direction (CoD) tasks between groups.

Purpose: To identify if differences in magnitude of asymmetry of biomechanical and performance variables exist between these groups.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Cognitive processing following acquired disability for para sport athletes: a serial mediation model.

To understand the cognitive processing that occurs in relation to a disabling life event among para sport athletes, as well as the role of para sport participation in shaping these cognitions, and subsequent perceptions of posttraumatic growth or distress. Participants were 75 para sport athletes with acquired disability. Serial multiple mediation analysis was conducted to identify the various pathways through which posttraumatic growth or distress is experienced.

Biomechanical but not timed performance asymmetries persist between limbs 9 months after ACL reconstruction during planned and unplanned change of direction.

Whilst anterior cruciate ligament injury commonly occurs during change of direction (CoD) tasks, there is little research on how athletes execute CoD after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The aims of this study were to determine between-limb and between-test differences in performance (time) and joint kinematics and kinetics during planned and unplanned CoD. One hundred and fifty-six male subjects carried out 90° maximal effort, planned and unplanned CoD tests in a 3D motion capture laboratory 9 months after ACLR.

Whole-body biomechanical differences between limbs exist 9 months after ACL reconstruction across jump/landing tasks.

Introduction: Previous studies examining jump tasks after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) have focused on performance measures without examining joint kinematic and kinetic variables. The aim of this study was to identify differences in biomechanical and performance measures between limbs across tests 9 months after surgery.

Methods: Four jump tests (double-leg drop jump (DLDJ), single-leg drop jump (SLDJ), single-leg hop for distance (SLHD) and hurdle hop (HH)) were carried out on 156 male subjects in a 3D motion capture laboratory 9 months after surgery.

Living with limb loss: everyday experiences of "good" and "bad" days in people with lower limb amputation.

To provide an understanding of the everyday experiences of individuals with a limb amputation. Twenty-two participants (14 female, 8 male) with a mean-age of 42 years ( = 10 years) were recruited to take part in two focus groups. The participants reported a range of lower-limb amputations (i.

From core belief challenge to posttraumatic growth in para sport athletes: moderated mediation by needs satisfaction and deliberate rumination.

To examine how deliberate rumination and psychological need satisfaction interact to facilitate posttraumatic growth for para sport athletes with acquired disability. Utilizing a sample of 70 para sport athletes, the hypothesized mediating role of deliberate rumination was examined via a simple mediation model. The interaction between needs satisfaction and deliberate rumination and their effect on posttraumatic growth was examined utilizing a moderated mediation procedure.

Understanding posttraumatic growth of paratriathletes with acquired disability.

Purpose: To examine the relevance of key components of Organismic Valuing Theory of Growth through Adversity in understanding posttraumatic growth amongst paratriathletes with acquired disability.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews informed by organismic valuing theory of growth through adversity were conducted with 14 elite paratriathletes (eight male, six female). To increase the likelihood that participants had experienced posttraumatic growth, a short form of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory was completed prior to interview participation.

Reinjury anxiety, coping, and return-to-sport outcomes: a multiple mediation analysis.

Purpose/objective: This study aimed to examine whether the dimensions of reinjury anxiety (i.e., intensity, frequency, and direction) predicted perceived return-to-sport outcomes and whether coping mediated this relationship.

Effect of dispositional optimism before and after injury.

Purpose: This study examined the direct, moderating, and indirect effects of dispositional optimism on the prediction of, and athletes' responses to, injury.

Methods: A 2-yr longitudinal design was conducted with a baseline sample of 694 asymptomatic participants (389 men, 305 women; mean ± SD age = 19.17 ± 1.

An examination of hardiness throughout the sport-injury process: a qualitative follow-up study.

Objectives: This qualitative follow-up study aimed to enhance the interpretability and meaningfulness of the findings that emerged from a quantitative study that explored the effect of hardiness on the prediction of, and response to, sport injury (i.e., Wadey, Evans, Hanton, & Neil, 2012).

Stressors experienced by injured athletes.

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to examine the stressors experienced by injured athletes during three phases of their recovery from sport injury, and (b) to explore the differences in the stressors experienced by team as compared to individual-sport athletes. Participants comprised previously injured high-level rugby union players (n = 5) and golfers (n = 5). Semi-structured interviews were used to explore the stressors participants experienced during three phases of injury (onset, rehabilitation and return to competitive sport).

An examination of hardiness throughout the sport injury process.

Objectives: This primary objective of the study was to examine the direct and moderating effects of hardiness on the prediction of sport injury, and the direct and indirect effects of hardiness on athletes' responses to injury.

Design: This study employed a longitudinal methodological design. Specifically, the injury status of 694 asymptomatic participants was monitored for 2 years.

Basic psychological skills usage and competitive anxiety responses: perceived underlying mechanisms.

This study examined the relationship between basic psychological skills usage (i.e., goal-setting, imagery, self-talk, and relaxation) and the intensity and directional dimensions of competitive anxiety.

The development and maintenance of mental toughness: perceptions of elite performers.

Seven participants from a previous study (Jones, Hanton, & Connaughton, 2002) agreed to be interviewed about the development of mental toughness. We also aimed to determine whether mental toughness requires maintenance. Semistructured interviews were conducted to elicit the participants' perceptions of how mental toughness is cultivated and retained.