Core outcomes in nerve surgery: development of a core outcome set for common peroneal (fibular) neuropathy.

Objective: Common peroneal (fibular) neuropathy is the most common mononeuropathy of the lower extremity. Despite this, there are surprisingly few studies on the topic, and a knowledge gap remains in the literature. As one attempts to address this knowledge gap, a core outcome set (COS) is needed to guide the planning phases of future studies to allow synthesis and comparability of these studies.

Combat-related peripheral nerve injuries.

Active-duty service members (ADSM) and military Veterans represent a population with increased occupational risk for nerve injuries sustained both during training operations and wartime. Mechanisms of war-related nerve injuries have evolved over time, from the musket ball-related traumas described by S.W.

G. Carl Huber (1865-1934): A Michigan Pioneer in Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration.

The treatment of peripheral nerve injuries has seen tremendous innovations over the past century. Dr Gotthelf Carl Huber, an American immigrant and early experimental pioneer in the field of peripheral nerve injury, created a foundation of scientific knowledge for these advancements. At the beginning of his career, Huber published novel work in peripheral nerve injury, supporting the concept of Wallerian degeneration and demonstrating the use of nerve grafting for repair.

Core outcomes in nerve surgery: development of a core outcome set for brachial plexus and upper extremity nerve injuries.

Objective: When considering traumatic brachial plexus and upper extremity nerve injuries, iatrogenic nerve injuries, and nontraumatic nerve injuries, brachial plexus and upper extremity nerve injuries are commonly encountered in clinical practice. Despite this, data synthesis and comparison of available studies are difficult. This is at least in part due to the lack of standardization in reporting and a lack of a core outcome set (COS).

Survey of United States neurosurgeons on firearm injury prevention.

Objective: Firearm-related injuries and deaths are an endemic problem in the US, posing a burden on the healthcare system with significant social and economic consequences. As front-line care providers for these patients, neurosurgeons are both knowledgeable about these injuries and credible messengers in the public discussion of ways to reduce firearm injuries. The purpose of this study was to explore US-based neurosurgeons' views and behaviors regarding firearms to understand and define a potential role for neurosurgical organizations in advocacy efforts to reduce firearm death and injuries.

Effects of age and time since injury on traumatic brain injury blood biomarkers: a TRACK-TBI study.

Older adults have the highest incidence of traumatic brain injury globally. Accurate blood-based biomarkers are needed to assist with diagnosis of patients across the spectrum of age and time post-injury. Several reports have suggested lower accuracy for blood-based biomarkers in older adults, and there is a paucity of data beyond day-1 post-injury.

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors Without Muscle Weakness at Presentation: An Analysis of an Underappreciated Combination.

Objective: Patients with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) of major motor nerves typically present with muscle weakness and pain. We aimed to analyze and characterize patients with MPNSTs of major motor nerves but without muscle weakness at initial presentation.

Methods: We performed a retrospective search of MPNSTs in a major nerve evaluated and/or treated at our institution from 1994 to 2019.

High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein is a Prognostic Biomarker of Six-Month Disability after Traumatic Brain Injury: Results from the TRACK-TBI Study.

Systemic inflammation impacts outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI), but most TBI biomarker studies have focused on brain-specific proteins. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a widely used biomarker of inflammation with potential as a prognostic biomarker after TBI. The ransforming esearch and linical nowledge in raumatic rain njury (TRACK-TBI) study prospectively enrolled TBI patients within 24 h of injury, as well as orthopedic injury and uninjured controls; biospecimens were collected at enrollment.

Morbidity and mortality in elderly patients undergoing evacuation of acute traumatic subdural hematoma.

Objective: Acute traumatic subdural hematoma (atSDH) can be a life-threatening neurosurgical emergency that necessitates immediate evacuation. The elderly population can be particularly vulnerable to tearing bridging veins. The aim of this study was to evaluate inpatient morbidity and mortality, as well as predictors of inpatient mortality, in a national trauma database.

Point-of-Care Platform Blood Biomarker Testing of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein versus S100 Calcium-Binding Protein B for Prediction of Traumatic Brain Injuries: A Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study.

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is cleared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to determine need for head computed tomography (CT) within 12 h after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) (Glasgow Coma Score [GCS] 13-15); S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) serves this function in Europe. This phase 1 biomarker cohort analysis of the multi-center, observational Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study compares GFAP's diagnostic performance, measured on a rapid point-of-care platform, against protein S100B to predict intracranial abnormalities on CT within 24 h post-injury across the spectrum of TBI (GCS 3-15). Head CT scan performed in TBI subjects and blood was collected for all consenting subjects presenting to 18 United States level 1 trauma centers.

Personal and Familial Malignancy History in Patients with Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors with a Focus on Sporadic Tumors.

Background: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) occur sporadically, in patients with neurofibromatosis 1, and in patients with prior radiation therapy. The incidence of unrelated prior malignancies and family history of malignancy in patients with MPNSTs has not been previously described.

Methods: A retrospective search for cases of MPNSTs at our institution for the years 1994-2019 was performed.

Treating Morton's neuroma by injection, neurolysis, or neurectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of pain and satisfaction outcomes.

Background: Individual evidence suggests that multiple modalities can be used to treat entrapment pathology by Morton's neuroma, including injection, neurolysis, and neurectomy. However, their impacts on patient pain and satisfaction have yet to be fully defined or elucidated. Correspondingly, our aim was to pool systematically identified metadata and substantiate the impact of these different modalities in treating Morton's neuroma with respect to these outcomes.

Teriparatide treatment increases Hounsfield units in the lumbar spine out of proportion to DEXA changes.

Objective: The authors sought to assess whether Hounsfield units (HU) increase following teriparatide treatment and to compare HU increases with changes in bone mineral density (BMD) as measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA).

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed from 1997 to 2018 across all campuses at our institution. The authors identified patients who had been treated with at least 6 months of teriparatide and compared HU and BMD as measured on DEXA scans before and after treatment.

Interfascicular Resection of Benign Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors.

Background: Interfascicular resection is a surgical technique used to safely treat benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors through careful dissection of functional neural elements off the tumor surface.

Description: Proper operative technique is essential to improving symptoms, preserving neurologic function, and minimizing the chance for recurrence. Accurate tumor localization, ideal patient positioning, and placement of a longitudinal incision permit adequate exposure.

Association between plasma GFAP concentrations and MRI abnormalities in patients with CT-negative traumatic brain injury in the TRACK-TBI cohort: a prospective multicentre study.

Background: After traumatic brain injury (TBI), plasma concentration of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) correlates with intracranial injury visible on CT scan. Some patients with suspected TBI with normal CT findings show pathology on MRI. We assessed the discriminative ability of GFAP to identify MRI abnormalities in patients with normal CT findings.

Synovial Sarcoma of the Nerve-Clinical and Pathological Features: Case Series and Systematic Review.

Background: Synovial sarcoma of the nerve is a rare entity with several cases and case series reported in the literature. Despite an improved understanding of the biology, the clinical course is difficult to predict.

Objective: To compile a series of patients with synovial sarcoma of the peripheral nerve (SSPN) and assess clinical and pathological factors and their contribution to survival and recurrence.

[F]FDG, [C]PiB, and [F]AV-1451 PET Imaging of Neurodegeneration in Two Subjects With a History of Repetitive Trauma and Cognitive Decline.

Trauma-related neurodegeneration can be difficult to differentiate from multifactorial neurodegenerative syndromes, both clinically and radiographically. We have initiated a protocol for imaging of patients with suspected TBI-related neurodegeneration utilizing volumetric MRI and PET studies, including [F]FDG indexing cerebral glucose metabolism, [C]PiB for Aβ deposition, and [F]AV-1451 for tau deposition. To present results from a neuroimaging protocol for evaluation of TBI-related neurodegeneration in patients with early-onset cognitive decline and a history of TBI.

The medial safe zone for treating intraneural ganglion cysts in the tarsal tunnel: a technical note.

Introduction: Intraneural ganglion cysts in the tarsal tunnel are rare but are being increasingly reported. The cysts involve the tibial or plantar nerves and are most commonly derived from a neighboring (degenerative) joint, (i.e.

H3K27 trimethylation loss in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: a systematic review and meta-analysis with diagnostic implications.

Background: Multiple studies have reported the loss of trimethylation at lysine (K) 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3) in high-grade malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). However, the diagnostic potential of this finding in MPNSTs remains yet to be fully substantiated. Correspondingly, our aim was to pool systematically-identified metadata in the literature and substantiate the incidence of H3K27me3 loss in this setting.