Direct actions of growth hormone in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, skeletal muscle cells in vitro.

The growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) system regulates skeletal muscle growth and function. GH has a major function of targeting the liver to regulate IGF-1 production and release, and IGF-1 mediates the primary anabolic action of GH on growth. However, skeletal muscle is a target tissue of GH as evidenced by dynamic GH receptor expression, but it is unclear if GH elicits any direct actions on extrahepatic tissues as it is difficult to distinguish the effects of IGF-1 from GH.

Plasma proteomic profiling of bacterial cold water disease-resistant and -susceptible rainbow trout lines and biomarker discovery.

Genetic variation for disease resistance is present in salmonid fish; however, the molecular basis is poorly understood, and biomarkers of disease susceptibility/resistance are unavailable. Previously, we selected a line of rainbow trout for high survival following standardized challenge with (), the causative agent of bacterial cold water disease. The resistant line (ARS-Fp-R) exhibits over 60 percentage points higher survival compared to a reference susceptible line (ARS-Fp-S).

Skeletal muscle metabolism and contraction performance regulation by teneurin C-terminal-associated peptide-1.

Skeletal muscle regulation is responsible for voluntary muscular movement in vertebrates. The genes of two essential proteins, teneurins and latrophilins (LPHN), evolving in ancestors of multicellular animals form a ligand-receptor pair, and are now shown to be required for skeletal muscle function. Teneurins possess a bioactive peptide, termed the teneurin C-terminal associated peptide (TCAP) that interacts with the LPHNs to regulate skeletal muscle contractility strength and fatigue by an insulin-independent glucose importation mechanism in rats.

Teneurins and Teneurin C-Terminal Associated Peptide (TCAP) in Metabolism: What's Known in Fish?

Teneurins have well established roles in function and maintenance of the central nervous systems of vertebrates. In addition, teneurin c-terminal associated peptide (TCAP), a bioactive peptide found on the c-terminal portion of teneurins, has been shown to regulate glucose metabolism. Although, the majority of research conducted on the actions of teneurins and TCAPs has strictly focused on neurological systems in rodents, TCAP was first identified in rainbow trout after screening trout hypothalamic cDNA.

The validation of a sensitive, non-toxic in vivo metabolic assay applicable across zebrafish life stages.

Energy expenditure and metabolism, is a well-studied field as it is linked to many diseases as dysregulation of metabolism is associated with cancer, neurodegeneration, and aging. Classical methods of studying metabolism in vivo are well established, but most are tedious and expensive, thus, finding methods of accurately measuring metabolism in living organisms that is quick and non-invasive is of strong interest. In this work, we validate the use of resazurin; a compound that is conformationally changed into fluorescent resorufin upon metabolic reduction by NADH, as a metabolic assay for adult zebrafish.