The developmental trajectory of 1H-MRS brain metabolites from childhood to adulthood.

Human brain development is ongoing throughout childhood, with for example, myelination of nerve fibers and refinement of synaptic connections continuing until early adulthood. 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) can be used to quantify the concentrations of endogenous metabolites (e.g.

Development of self-referential effect on memory recollection.

Information learned in relation to oneself is typically better remembered, termed the self-reference effect (SRE). This study aimed to elucidate the developmental trajectory of the SRE in recollection and source memory from mid-childhood to young adulthood. In 2018-2019 in Baltimore, Maryland, 136 seven- to thirty-year-olds (77 female; approximately 80% White, 15% Asian American, 5% Black) viewed objects on one of two backgrounds and answered a self-referential or semantic question for each.

Correction: Self-referential encoding of source information in recollection memory.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Self-referential encoding of source information in recollection memory.

Information that is encoded in relation to the self has been shown to be better remembered, yet reports have disagreed on whether the memory benefit from self-referential encoding extends to source memory (the context in which information was learned). In this study, we investigated the self-referential effect on source memory in recollection and familiarity-based memory. Using a Remember/Know paradigm, we compared source memory accuracy under self-referential encoding and semantic encoding.

Standardizing human brain parcellations.

Using brain atlases to localize regions of interest is a requirement for making neuroscientifically valid statistical inferences. These atlases, represented in volumetric or surface coordinate spaces, can describe brain topology from a variety of perspectives. Although many human brain atlases have circulated the field over the past fifty years, limited effort has been devoted to their standardization.

Performance and impact of disposable and reusable respirators for healthcare workers during pandemic respiratory disease: a rapid evidence review.

Objectives: To synthesise evidence concerning the range of filtering respirators suitable for patient care and guide the selection and use of different respirator types.

Design: Comparative analysis of international standards for respirators and rapid review of their performance and impact in healthcare.

Data Sources: Websites of international standards organisations, Medline and Embase, hand-searching of references and citations.

Classification of aerosol-generating procedures: a rapid systematic review.

In the context of covid-19, aerosol generating procedures have been highlighted as requiring a higher grade of personal protective equipment. We investigated how official guidance documents and academic publications have classified procedures in terms of whether or not they are aerosol-generating. We performed a rapid systematic review using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses standards.

Extended use or reuse of single-use surgical masks and filtering face-piece respirators during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: A rapid systematic review.

Background: Shortages of personal protective equipment during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have led to the extended use or reuse of single-use respirators and surgical masks by frontline healthcare workers. The evidence base underpinning such practices warrants examination.

Objectives: To synthesize current guidance and systematic review evidence on extended use, reuse, or reprocessing of single-use surgical masks or filtering face-piece respirators.

A Murine Model of Robotic Training to Evaluate Skeletal Muscle Recovery after Injury.

Purpose: In vivo studies have suggested that motor exercise can improve muscle regeneration after injury. Nevertheless, preclinical investigations still lack reliable tools to monitor motor performance over time and to deliver optimal training protocols to maximize force recovery. Here, we evaluated the utility of a murine robotic platform (i) to detect early impairment and longitudinal recovery after acute skeletal muscle injury and (ii) to administer varying intensity training protocols to enhance forelimb motor performance.

Trends in Testosterone Replacement Therapy Use from 2003 to 2013 among Reproductive-Age Men in the United States.

Purpose: Although testosterone replacement therapy use in the United States has increased dramatically in the last decade, to our knowledge trends in testosterone replacement therapy use among reproductive-age men have not been investigated. We assessed changes in testosterone replacement therapy use and practice patterns among 18 to 45-year-old American men from 2003 to 2013 and compared them to older men.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of men 18 to 45 and 56 to 64 years old who were enrolled in the Truven Health MarketScan® Commercial Claims Databases throughout each given calendar year from 2003 to 2013, including 5,094,868 men in 2013.

Coccidioidomycosis: Experience From a Children's Hospital in an Area of Endemicity.

The incidence of coccidioidomycosis is increasing, and published pediatric experience is limited. This study further characterizes pediatric coccidioidomycosis by describing experience with 64 patients cared for at Children's Hospital of Los Angeles over 20 years, with focus on sites of involvement and severity, as well as serologic profiles of affected children.

Reproductive health care delivery.

Most patients in the United States with reproductive health disorders are not covered by their health insurance for these problems. Health insurance plans consider reproductive care as a lifestyle choice not as a disease. If coverage is provided it is, most often, directed to female factor infertility and advanced reproductive techniques, ignoring male factor reproductive disorders.

Quantitation of zoledronic acid in murine bone by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.

An in vitro method for extraction and quantification of zoledronic acid (ZA) from murine bone was developed. Whole mouse bones were incubated in ZA solutions with predetermined concentrations and bound ZA was subsequently extracted from bone with phosphoric acid and derivatized using trimethylsilyl diazomethane (TMS-DAM). ZA tetra-methyl phosphonate was quantified by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS).

Vasectomy: AUA guideline.

Purpose: The purpose of this guideline is to provide guidance to clinicians who offer vasectomy services.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review of the literature using the search dates January 1949-August 2011 was conducted to identify peer-reviewed publications relevant to vasectomy. The search identified almost 2,000 titles and abstracts.

Emergence of multiresistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in two patients with atopic dermatitis requiring linezolid treatment.

We report two patients with atopic dermatitis who developed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin infections resistant to clindamycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole requiring repeated linezolid treatment. For one patient and family members who received an aggressive regimen of staphylococcal decolonization, including intranasal mupirocin, dilute bleach baths, and bleach cleansing of household items and surfaces, subsequent culture results demonstrated methicillin-susceptible S. aureus colonization and infection.

Optimization of spermatogenesis-regulating hormones in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia and its impact on sperm retrieval: a multicentre study.

Unlabelled: Study Type - Therapy (outcomes) Level of Evidence 2a What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Clomiphene citrate, hCG and human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) are widely used in treatment of oligospermia, because they increase FSH and testosterone which are essential for spermatogenesis. Finding a sperm in non-obstructive azoospermia for intracytoplasmic sperm injection is a challenge and much effort is required to reach the optimum method of sperm retrieval. The study shows that a new protocol of clomiphene citrate, hCG and hMG in the treatment of non-obstructive azoospermia achieves an increase in the levels of FSH, LH and total testosterone to the target levels that we set.

An upsurge in pertussis: epidemiology and trends.

Objective: The objective of the study was to review the 2010 pertussis upsurge occurring within California and recent experiences at a large tertiary care children's hospital within California.

Methods: A retrospective review of all specimens submitted for Bordetella pertussis polymerase chain reaction assay from the emergency department at a large tertiary care children's hospital from January 2009 to August 2010. Outcome measures were the number of specimens submitted, the number of positive specimens, and the percentage of positive specimens.

Increased incidence of sacroiliac joint infection at a children's hospital.

Background: Pyogenic sacroiliitis (PSI) is an uncommon type of osteoarticular infection. A study is undertaken to confirm an observed increase in incidence of PSI at our pediatric institution and to evaluate any associations with increasing incidence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection and other factors.

Methods: All inpatients with osteoarticular infection were identified from the periods of 1992 to 1996 and 2004 to 2007.

Raoultella ornithinolytica bacteremia in an infant with visceral heterotaxy.

A case of Raoultella ornithinolytica bacteremia in an infant with visceral heterotaxy is reported. Physical examination was remarkable for markedly red skin flushing, not unlike that seen during histamine fish poisoning. R.

Prospective monitoring for invasive aspergillosis using galactomannan and polymerase chain reaction in high risk pediatric patients.

Background: The diagnosis of invasive aspergillus remains a challenge in the care of high-risk patients. Outcomes are improved when invasive aspergillus is diagnosed early, prompting the initiation of appropriate antifungal therapy. We evaluated the utility of prospective monitoring for invasive aspergillosis (IA) using biomarkers such as serum galactomannan (GM) and/or blood polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in high-risk pediatric patients.