Rehabilitation of children with ectodermal dysplasia. Part 2: an international consensus meeting.

A consensus meeting was arranged to provide an opportunity to discuss the residual nonconsensus questions following three rounds of a Delphi study. It was hoped that the nonagreements could be resolved to define a comprehensive protocol for the management of ectodermal dysplasia, particularly with respect to the use of dental implants in growing patients. An international panel of expert clinicians in pediatric dentistry, prosthodontics, and orthodontics was invited to be part of the Delphi study to develop agreement on clinical questions through a consensus of ideas.

Rehabilitation of children with ectodermal dysplasia. Part 1: an international Delphi study.

Purpose: An international Delphi study was undertaken to determine by consensus an agreed approach to the management of children with dental manifestations of ectodermal dysplasia, including the use of dental implants. This was done using a questionnaire developed by an interdisciplinary team.

Materials And Methods: The Delphi study questionnaire was built around 19 areas of clinical relevance and included 90 items.

3D comparison of average faces in subjects with oral clefts.

This prospective cross-sectional, case-controlled morphometric study assessed three dimensional (3D) facial morphological differences between average faces of 103 children aged 8-12 years; 40 with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), 23 with unilateral cleft lip and alveolus (UCLA), 19 with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), 21 with isolated cleft palate (ICP), and 80 gender and age-matched controls. 3D stereophotogrammetric facial scans were recorded for each participant at rest. Thirty-nine landmarks were digitized for each scan, and x-, y-, z-coordinates for each landmark were extracted.

Three-dimensional gender differences in facial form of children in the North East of England.

The aim of the prospective cross-sectional morphometric study was to explore three dimensional (3D) facial shape and form (shape plus size) variation within and between 8- and 12-year-old Caucasian children; 39 males age-matched with 41 females. The 3D images were captured using a stereophotogrammeteric system, and facial form was recorded by digitizing 39 anthropometric landmarks for each scan. The x, y, z coordinates of each landmark were extracted and used to calculate linear and angular measurements.

An unusual dental anomaly in a hypodontia patient.

Unlabelled: Hypodontia is the most common developmental dental anomaly known in humans. It is often associated with other dental anomalies such as disturbances in eruption, peg lateral incisors and taurodontism. This case report describes a ten-year-old female with hypodontia and a very unusual conical-shaped mandibular right central incisor, which has not previously been reported in the literature.

Abnormal tooth size and morphology in subjects with cleft lip and/or palate in the north of England.

The aim of this study was to investigate tooth size and morphology in subjects with unilateral cleft palate (UCLP), bilateral cleft palate (BCLP), and isolated cleft palate (ICP) living in the north of England and to compare these with a control group. The measurements were undertaken retrospectively using dental study casts. To assess tooth size, the mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions of each fully erupted permanent tooth were measured using digital Vernier callipers.

Dental arch dimensions in oligodontia patients.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the dental arch sizes in a group of oligodontia patients with a group of age- and sex-matched untreated Class I control patients.

Methods: Dental casts were measured of 50 oligodontia patients and 50 untreated Class I patients between 8 and 16 years old. For each subject, dental arch length and width parameters were measured in the maxillary and mandibular arches with digital calipers.

The management of hypodontia: present and future.

Unlabelled: Developmental absence of teeth (hypodontia) is associated with characteristic morphological changes in the teeth, alveolar volume deficiencies, and skeletal jaw mal-relationships. Management may be complex, involving several dental specialties, ideally working as a close-knit team. Improved diagnostic and treatment technologies continue to evolve, ever widening the management opportunities for these patients.

A method for producing controlled fluoride release from an orthodontic bracket.

The aim of this study was to manufacture and test, in vitro, a novel modification to provide fluoride-releasing orthodontic brackets. Thirty-two orthodontic brackets were drilled to produce a recess (approximately 1.3 mm in diameter and 0.

Fluoride release for restorative materials and its effect on biofilm formation in natural saliva.

This study investigated the influence of natural saliva of varying pH on surface biofilm formation of restorative materials and how this influenced fluoride release. Columnar specimens of glass ionomer cement (GIC), resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC), compomer, giomer and composite, were prepared, matured for 24 h at 37 degrees C and 100% humidity, lapped and then placed in natural stimulated saliva with a pH of 3.8 or 7.

Can crown-root ratio predict premolar eruption?

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to establish a method to prospectively predict the eruption of mandibular second premolars with panoramic radiographs. This technique could be used clinically to optimize the timing of comprehensive treatment, detect abnormalities of development and eruption, or effectively estimate eruption timing and determine the need for early intervention because of caries or defects of the deciduous dentition.

Methods: Three hundred one white children from an orthodontic practice in Alaska between the ages of 6 and 16 years were examined and monitored with serial panoramic radiographs until all premolars had erupted.

Micro-tensile bond strength to surface and subsurface enamel.

Unlabelled: Testing of bond strength to enamel has been undertaken on both surface and subsurface enamel on the assumption that it is the same substrate. Over recent years, the micro-tensile method has become widely used for the evaluation of dental adhesives. However, there have been no micro-tensile bond strength studies comparing surface and subsurface enamel using orthodontic adhesives.

Auto-transplantation in the restorative management of traumatized anterior teeth: a case report.

Unlabelled: Auto-transplantation can be used to replace missing anterior teeth following traumatic injuries. This technique has the advantage (over other forms of treatment) of maintaining alveolar bone height which allows orthodontic and further restorative intervention by way of implants later in life. Careful restorative management of transplanted teeth is vital to their long-term survival as inadequate maintenance post transplant may result in root resorption and eventual tooth loss.

Comparison of in vivo and in vitro shear bond strength.

Much of the research into composite adhesives suggests that these materials will deteriorate in the oral environment, but most of these claims are made on the basis of extrapolation from in vitro experiments; relatively little in vivo research has been conducted into the mechanical properties of composite adhesives. For this study, we recruited 20 volunteers to wear removable appliances containing orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel slabs for 12 weeks. Each appliance carried 3 brackets bonded with Transbond (3M Unitek UK; Bradford, United Kingdom) and 3 brackets bonded with Heliosit (Ivoclar-Vivadent; Leicester, United Kingdom).

The relationship between acid-etch patterns and bond survival in vivo.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between acid-etch quality and bond survival in vivo. The subjects were 29 orthodontic patients. High-resolution silicone impressions were taken of the buccal tooth surfaces after etching for 30 seconds with 37% phosphoric acid.