Publications by authors named "Rosner A"

Policy epidemiology utilizes human subject-matter experts (SMEs) to systematically surface, analyze, and categorize legally-enforceable policies. The Analysis and Mapping of Policies for Emerging Infectious Diseases project systematically collects and assesses health-related policies from all United Nations Member States. The recent proliferation of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) tools powered by large language models have led to suggestions that such technologies be incorporated into our project and similar research efforts to decrease the human resources required.

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We synthesized and characterized a novel, task-specific ionic liquid for metal extraction with considerably reduced leaching behavior compared to similar, phosphonium-based ionic liquids. The synthesis involves the design of the novel compound [TOPP][PAM] featuring both a highly hydrophobic cation and a functional anion. The characterization of the novel ionic liquid confirmed the formation of the desired structure and sufficient purity.

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Background: Fontan circulatory failure with impaired systolic function is well documented; however, its mechanisms are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to explore myocardial functional reserve in adolescent patients with Fontan circulation in response to exercise or acute preload increase.

Methods: The study included 32 patients (median age, 16.

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Background: Noninvasive assessment of elevated filling pressure in the left ventricle (LV) remains an unresolved problem. Of the many echocardiographic parameters used to evaluate diastolic pressure, the left atrial strain and strain rate (LA S/SR) have shown promise in clinical settings. However, only a few previous studies have evaluated LA S/SR in larger populations.

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Patients with acute coronary artery disease (CAD) exhibit reduced global and regional strain and strain rate (S/SR). However, knowledge about segmental S/SR in stable CAD patients is still limited. This study aimed to investigate whether resting segmental S/SR measurements differ in patients with chronic chest pain who have normal coronary arteries or stenotic coronary arteries, and to compare these measurements to those in patients with revascularized myocardial infarction (MI).

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Background: Cerebrovascular autoregulation in patients with acute and chronic liver failure is often impaired, yet an intact autoregulation is essential for the demand-driven supply of oxygenated blood to the brain. It is unclear, whether there is a connection between cerebrovascular autoregulation during liver transplantation (LTX) and the underlying disease, and if perioperative anesthesiologic consequences can result from this.

Methods: In this prospective observational pilot study, data of twenty patients (35% female) undergoing LTX were analyzed.

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Mutations in retinal primary cilia are responsible for human blindness but the mechanisms are not fully understood (Wheway et al., 2014). Characterizing the proteome of an organelle such as cilia, is a fruitful way to understand its function but methods often require considerable sample quantities.

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Background: Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is a hematological malignancy that affects both children and young adults. Traditional treatment is associated with a life-time prevalence of cardiac disease exceeding 50%. In the late 1990s protocols were modified to reduce cancer therapy-related adverse cardiac effects.

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Introduction: Cardiac organ damage like left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and left atrial (LA) enlargement is more prevalent in women than men with hypertension, but the mechanisms underlying this gender difference remain unclear.

Methods: We tested the association of drug nonadherence with the presence of LV hypertrophy and LA enlargement by echocardiography in 186 women and 337 men with uncontrolled hypertension defined as daytime systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 135mmHg despite the prescription of at least two antihypertensive drugs. Drug adherence was assessed by measurements of serum drug concentrations interpreted by an experienced pharmacologist.

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Background: Treatment of severe aortic stenosis with transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) was introduced in 2002. Since then, TAVI has become the primary treatment approach worldwide for advanced-age patients and younger patients with severe comorbidities. We aimed to evaluate the changes in patient demographics, complications, and mortality rates within 13 years.

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Background: Myocardial infarction is likely to be experienced as a life-threatening and potentially traumatic event. Approximately one-third of patients with myocardial infarction experience clinically significant symptoms of anxiety/depression. However, it is unclear how many of these patients experience these symptoms because of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

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Aims: Echocardiography is a cornerstone in cardiac imaging, and left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) is a key parameter for patient management. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled fully automatic measurements of LV volumes and EF both during scanning and in stored recordings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of implementing AI measurements on acquisition and processing time and test-retest reproducibility compared with standard clinical workflow, as well as to study the agreement with reference in large internal and external databases.

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Aquatic invertebrates play a pivotal role in (eco)toxicological assessments because they offer ethical, cost-effective and repeatable testing options. Additionally, their significance in the food chain and their ability to represent diverse aquatic ecosystems make them valuable subjects for (eco)toxicological studies. To ensure consistency and comparability across studies, international (eco)toxicology guidelines have been used to establish standardised methods and protocols for data collection, analysis and interpretation.

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Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R9 (LGMDR9) is a progressive and disabling genetic muscle disease. Sleep is relevant in the patient care as it impacts on health, functioning, and well-being. LGMDR9 may potentially affect sleep by physical or emotional symptoms, myalgia, or sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) through cardiorespiratory involvement.

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Environmental perturbations evoke down-regulation of metabolism in some multicellular organisms, leading to dormancy, or torpor. Colonies of the urochordate enter torpor in response to changes in seawater temperature and may survive for months as small vasculature remnants that lack feeding and reproductive organs but possess torpor-specific microbiota. Upon returning to milder conditions, the colonies rapidly restore their original morphology, cytology and functionality while harboring re-occurring microbiota, a phenomenon that has not been described in detail to date.

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Article Synopsis
  • Left ventricular (LV) function is crucial in assessing cardiovascular risks for hypertensive patients, yet detailed data on their strain and diastolic strain rates are lacking.
  • This study analyzed 2D strain imaging in over 2,200 participants from Russia and Norway, classifying them into groups based on blood pressure levels to compare their LV systolic and diastolic functions.
  • Findings indicated that higher blood pressure correlates with diminished strain and strain rates, particularly noting significant differences in relaxation markers (SR E) among hypertensive individuals compared to healthy controls.
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Background: Adequate pain control after open esophagectomy is associated with reduced complications, earlier recovery and higher patient satisfaction. While further developing surgical procedures like robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) it is relevant to adapt postoperative pain management. The primary question of this observational survey was whether one of the two standard treatments, thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) or intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), is superior for pain control after RAMIE as the optimal pain management for these patients still remains unclear.

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Purpose: To evaluate whether the 24-weeks postoperative fracture union rate for the investigational TFNA intramedullary nail was non-inferior compared to the control product PFNA-II.

Methods: The study was a prospective, randomized, single-blind, noninferiority dual-arm study drawing from 9 trauma centers across China, between November 2018 and September 2020, with follow-up measurements at 24 weeks after internal fixation. The full analysis data set (FAS [Intent-to-Treat]) was analyzed and is summarized here.

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Aims: Strain artefacts are known to hamper the correct interpretation of segmental strain and strain-rate (S/SR). Defining the normal ranges of myocardial segmental deformation is important in clinical studies and routine echocardiographic practice. In order to define artefact-free normal ranges for segmental longitudinal S/SR parameters, we investigated the extent to which different types of artefacts and their segmental localisation in the three different myocardial layers created a bias in the results of echocardiographic strain measurements.

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In heterogeneous multiple myeloma (MM) patients treatment decisions are challenging. The hypothesis was that adaptation of treatment intensity (dose reduction [DR] vs. none) according to an objective risk score (revised-myeloma comorbidity index [R-MCI]) rather than physician judgement alone may improve therapy efficacy and avoid toxicities.

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Harsh environments enforce the expression of behavioural, morphological, physiological, and reproductive rejoinders, including torpor. Here we study the morphological, cellular, and molecular alterations in torpor architype in the colonial urochordate Botrylloides aff. leachii by employing whole organism Transmission electron (TEM) and light microscope observations, RNA sequencing, real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) quantification of selected genes, and immunolocalization of WNT, SMAD and SOX2 gene expressions.

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BriLife, a vector-based vaccine that utilizes the recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) platform to express and present the spike antigen of SARS-CoV-2, is undergoing testing in a phase 2 clinical trial in Israel. A nonclinical repeated-dose (GLP) toxicity study in New Zealand white rabbits was performed to evaluate the potential toxicity, local tolerance, immunogenicity and biodistribution of the vaccine. rVSV-ΔG-SARS-CoV-2-S (or vehicle) was administered intramuscularly to two groups of animals (10, 10 PFU/animal, n = 10/sex/group) on three occasions, at 2-week intervals, followed by a 3-week recovery period.

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Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) occur despite antimicrobial prophylaxis and increase postoperative morbidity and mortality. This could be caused by an intraoperative decrease in antibiotic serum concentrations such as ampicillin after major abdominal surgery due to blood loss and fluid therapy, which possibly promotes SSI. This hypothesis was tested in the present study.

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An intuition of ambivalence in cognition is particularly strong for complex decisions, for which the merits and demerits of different options are roughly equal but hard to compare. We examined information search in an experimental paradigm which tasked participants with an ambivalent question, while monitoring attentional dynamics concerning the information relevant to each option in different Areas of Interest (AOIs). We developed two dynamical models for describing eye tracking curves, for each response separately.

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