The use of PVP-iodine as an adjunct to non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Objective: The present study was performed to assess the effect of topically-applied PVP-iodine, used as an adjunct both during basic non-surgical therapy and at re-treatment during the long-term maintenance of patients with advanced periodontal disease.

Material And Methods: 223 patients with advanced destructive periodontitis were recruited. The participants met the following inclusion criteria: (i) a minimum of 8 non-molar teeth, (ii) probing pocket depth of > or = 6 mm at > or = 2 teeth in each dentate quadrant, and radiographic bone loss exceeding 40% at the same teeth.

Initial outcome and long-term effect of surgical and non-surgical treatment of advanced periodontal disease.

Aim: A clinical trial was performed to determine (i) the initial outcome of non-surgical and surgical access treatment in subjects with advanced periodontal disease and (ii) the incidence of recurrent disease during 12 years of maintenance following active therapy.

Material And Methods: Each of the 64 subjects included in the trial showed signs of (i) generalized gingival inflammation, (ii) had a minimum of 12 non-molar teeth with deep pockets (> or =6 mm) and with > or =6 mm alveolar bone loss. They were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups; one surgical (SU) and one non-surgical (SRP).

The long-term effect of systemic tetracycline used as an adjunct to non-surgical treatment of advanced periodontitis.

Aim: In the present study both the short- and the long-term effects were evaluated of a treatment that, during the phase of basic therapy, included administration of systemic tetracycline and non-surgical intervention.

Material And Methods: 35 adult human subjects with advanced periodontitis, 19 females and 16 males, aged between 24 and 60 years, were included in a test group. 80 age- and sex-matched adult periodontitis subjects were recruited for a control group (42 females and 38 males).

The effect of systemic antibiotics in the treatment of patients with recurrent periodontitis.

Background: Subjects with periodontal disease exist who either (i) respond poorly to initial mechanical therapy ("refractory" periodontitis) or (ii) fail to adopt adequate self-performed plaque control techniques and hence develop recurrent disease ("recurrent" periodontitis) at multiple sites during the supportive treatment phase (SPT). Various systemic antibiotic regimens have been tried as adjuncts to the mechanical (re-) treatment of such "difficult to treat"-patients. While most studies indicated a positive outcome of the adjunctive therapy, some clinical investigators reported that this additional measure provided little or no benefit.

Longitudinal periodontal tissue alterations during supportive therapy. Findings from subjects with normal and high susceptibility to periodontal disease.

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate disease progression during supportive periodontal therapy in (i) a group of 225 subjects with "normal" (NG) and (ii) a group with high susceptibility (HSG; n= 109) to periodontal disease (based on their baseline disease status).

Material And Methods: The following variables were recorded at the baseline examination (1 year after they received non-surgical periodontal therapy) and at the re-examination after 12 years of maintenance: number of teeth, plaque, probing pocket depth, probing attachment level, bone level in full mouth radiographs. All assessments were performed in a standardized manner and by well-trained and calibrated examiners.

A 15-month evaluation of the effects of repeated subgingival minocycline in chronic adult periodontitis.

Background: A double-blind, randomized, parallel, comparative study was designed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of subgingivally administered minocycline ointment versus a vehicle control.

Methods: One hundred four patients (104) with moderate to severe adult periodontitis (34 to 64 years of age; mean 46 years) were enrolled in the study. Following scaling and root planing, patients were randomized to receive either 2% minocycline ointment or a matched vehicle control.

The effect of a triclosan/copolymer dentifrice on healing after non-surgical treatment of recurrent periodontitis.

The present study examined whether the daily use of a triclosan/copolymer dentifrice enhanced healing following non-surgical periodontal therapy at sites with progressive attachment loss in periodontitis-susceptible subjects: 60 subjects who had been (i) treated for advanced periodontal disease using nonsurgical means and (ii) had been enrolled, for at least 3-5 years, in a maintenance care program that called for prophylaxis once every 3 months. During the course of this maintenance period, all 60 subjects had suffered recurrent periodontitis at > or = 2 sites at several intervals. Following a baseline examination, all 60 subjects received, on an individual basis, detailed instruction in proper self-performed plaque control methods.

Identification of bacterial markers by culture technique in evaluation of periodontal therapy.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and P.

Effect of triclosan on the subgingival microbiota of periodontitis-susceptible subjects.

The present study evaluated the long-term effect of (i) meticulous self-performed, supragingival plaque control and (ii) the use of a triclosan/copolymer containing dentifrice in adult subjects susceptible to destructive periodontitis. 40 individuals were recruited into the trial. 3-5 years prior to the baseline examination, they had all been treated by nonsurgical means- for advanced periodontal disease.

The use of a triclosan/copolymer dentifrice may retard the progression of periodontitis.

The present investigation was performed to examine if triclosan and a copolymer, incorporated in a dentifrice and used by periodontitis-susceptible subjects could influence clinical symptoms characteristic of recurrent periodontitis. 60 subjects, 34 to 67 years of age, were recruited for the study. They were randomly selected from a group of patients previously treated for advanced periodontal disease.

A comparison of two transport media for saliva and subgingival samples.

This study has shown that microorganisms associated with caries (mutans streptococci, lactobacilli) and marginal periodontitis (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans) in pure culture can be stored in VMGA or reduced transport fluid and be recovered sufficiently after 24 h. Sufficient recovery after 24 h of mail transport was also obtained in 37 saliva samples obtained from adults and 80 subgingival samples from a group of patients before and 3, 6 and 15 months after periodontal treatment. The samples transported in VMGA III showed in comparison to the samples transported in reduced transport fluid a higher recovery rate as well as a higher percentage of the total viable count for investigated anaerobic species.

The effect of a triclosan-containing dentifrice on established plaque and gingivitis.

The aim of the present clinical trial was to study the effect on existing plaque and gingivitis of an oral hygiene regimen which utilized a dentifrice which contained triclosan. 120 subjects were recruited for the trial. They were examined for plaque and gingivitis using the criteria of (i) the Turesky modification of the Quigley & Hein plaque index and (ii) the Löe & Silness gingival index.

Topical antimicrobial therapy and diagnosis of subgingival bacteria in the management of inflammatory periodontal disease.

Bacterial specificity in human periodontal diseases suggests the possibility of diagnosing and treating periodontitis as specific infections and using microbiological diagnostic means to evaluate the efficacy of periodontal therapy. In a series of clinical trials, the usefulness of topical antimicrobial agents in combination with surgical and non-surgical conventional periodontal therapy were tested. The healing result was estimated by monitoring probing attachment levels (PAL).

Relationship between some subgingival bacteria and periodontal pocket depth and gain or loss of periodontal attachment after treatment of adult periodontitis.

We studied the association between post-treatment periodontal disease activity and subgingival Bacteroides gingivalis, Bacteroides intermedius, spirochetes and motile rods. 20 adults, 22-62 years, with moderate-to-severe periodontitis participated in a split-mouth treatment study. All individual quadrants received supragingival cleaning and in addition, subgingival scaling and a NaHCO3-NaCl-H2O2 slurry, subgingival scaling alone, slurry alone, or no subgingival treatment.

Microbiological and clinical effects of surgical treatment of localized juvenile periodontitis.

Since Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans appears to be a key etiologic agent in localized juvenile periodontitis, this study determined the effectiveness of different treatment modalities in suppressing A. actinomycetemcomitans in localized juvenile periodontitis lesions. A total of 25 deep periodontal lesions from 7 patients with localized juvenile periodontitis were included in the study.

Suppression of the periodontopathic microflora in localized juvenile periodontitis by systemic tetracycline.

Since recent studies have implicated Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in the etiology of localized juvenile periodontitis, this investigation determined the effectiveness of subgingival debridement, topical Betadine Solution, and systemic tetracycline in suppressing subgingival A. actinomycetemcomitans and other microorganisms. A total of 20 deep periodontal pockets and 10 normal periodontal sites of 6 localized juvenile periodontitis patients was included in the study.

Microbiological and clinical effects of topical subgingival antimicrobial treatment on human periodontal disease.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the microbiological and clinical effects of a subgingivally applied mixture of H2O2-NaCl and NaHCO3 followed by subgingival irrigation with 1% Betadine in the treatment of periodontal disease. 20 adults with moderate to severe periodontal disease were included in a split mouth design study. All patients were given oral hygiene instruction and were subjected to supragingival scaling in all 4 quadrants, and subgingival scaling and root planing of half the dentition.