Galectin-3 plays a key role in controlling infection by in human trophoblast cells and human villous explants.

Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a β-galactoside-binding lectin expressed in cells of the placental microenvironment. This lectin is involved in various biological processes, such as modulation of the immune system and control of parasitic illness. infection can lead to congenital transmission and cause miscarriages, prematurity and fetal anomalies.

Copaifera spp. oleoresins control Trypanosoma cruzi infection in human trophoblast cells (BeWo) and placental explants.

Congenital Chagas disease (CCD) is a worldwide neglected problem with significant treatment limitations. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of Copaifera spp. oleoresins (ORs) against Trypanosoma cruzi infection in trophoblast cells (BeWo lineage) and human chorionic villous explants (HCVE).

Copaifera spp. oleoresins and two isolated compounds (ent-kaurenoic and ent-polyalthic acid) inhibit Toxoplasma gondii growth in vitro.

Toxoplasmosis affects about one-third of the world's population. The disease treatment methods pose several side effects and do not efficiently eliminate the parasite, making the search for new therapeutic approaches necessary. We aimed to assess the anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity of four Copaifera oleoresins (ORs) and two isolated diterpene acids, named ent-kaurenoic and ent-polyalthic acid.

P21 recombinant protein modulates infection in different experimental models of the human maternal-fetal interface.

Introduction: is the etiologic agent of toxoplasmosis, a disease that affects about one-third of the human population. Most infected individuals are asymptomatic, but severe cases can occur such as in congenital transmission, which can be aggravated in individuals infected with other pathogens, such as HIV-positive pregnant women. However, it is unknown whether infection by other pathogens, such as , the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, as well as one of its proteins, P21, could aggravate infection.

Rottlerin impairs early and late steps of Toxoplasma gondii infection in human trophoblast cells and villous explants.

Congenital toxoplasmosis, caused by the opportunistic protozoan parasite T. gondii, can cause stillbirths, miscarriages and fetal abnormalities, as well as encephalitis and chorioretinitis in newborns. Available treatment options rely on antiparasitic drugs that have been linked to serious side effects, high toxicity and the development of drug-resistant parasites.

Polyalthic acid and oleoresin from Copaifera trapezifolia Hayne reduce Toxoplasma gondii growth in human villous explants, even triggering an anti-inflammatory profile.

Due to the lack of efficient antiparasitic therapy and vaccines, as well as emerging resistance strains, congenital toxoplasmosis is still a public health issue worldwide. The present study aimed to assess the effects of an oleoresin obtained from the species Copaifera trapezifolia Hayne (CTO), and an isolated molecule found in the CTO, ent-polyalthic acid (ent-15,16-epoxy-8(17),13(16),14-labdatrien-19-oic acid) (named as PA), against T. gondii infection.

BjussuLAAO-II, an l-amino acid oxidase from Bothrops jararacussu snake venom, impairs Toxoplasma gondii infection in human trophoblast cells and villous explants from the third trimester of pregnancy.

One-third of the world's population is estimated to be affected by toxoplasmosis. Pregnancy-related Toxoplasma gondii infection can cause vertical transmission, infect the fetus, and cause miscarriage, stillbirth, and fetal death. The current study showed that both human trophoblast cells (BeWo lineage) and human explant villous were resistant to T.

Leaf hydroalcoholic extract and oleoresin from control infection in human trophoblast cells and placental explants from third-trimester pregnancy.

The conventional treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis is mainly based on the combination of sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine. However, therapy with these drugs is associated with severe side effects and resistance, requiring the study of new therapeutic strategies. There are currently many studies with natural products, including oleoresin, showing actions against some pathogens, as and .

LPS-mediated activation of TLR4 controls Toxoplasma gondii growth in human trophoblast cell (BeWo) and human villous explants in a dependent-manner of TRIF, MyD88, NF-κB and cytokines.

We evaluated the influence of the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 pathways on BeWo, JEG-3 and HTR-8/SVneo cells, as well as in human villous explants infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Cells and explants were stimulated with LPS for 24 or 48 h and processed for the MTT assay, and expression of TLR4 was evaluated by confocal microscopy. In addition, we used peptides that inhibit MyD88 or TRIF, and inhibitor to NF-κB.

Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 modulates Toxoplasma gondii infection, immune response and lipid droplets formation in human trophoblast cells and villous explants.

Congenital toxoplasmosis is represented by the transplacental passage of Toxoplasma gondii from the mother to the fetus. Our studies demonstrated that T. gondii developed mechanisms to evade of the host immune response, such as cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and prostaglandin E (PGE) induction, and these mediators can be produced/stored in lipid droplets (LDs).

Copaifera spp. oleoresins impair Toxoplasma gondii infection in both human trophoblastic cells and human placental explants.

The combination of pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine is the standard care in cases of congenital toxoplasmosis. However, therapy with these drugs is associated with severe and sometimes life-threatening side effects. The investigation of phytotherapeutic alternatives to treat parasitic diseases without acute toxicity is essential for the advancement of current therapeutic practices.

Experimental models of maternal-fetal interface and their potential use for nanotechnology applications.

During pregnancy, the placenta regulates the transfer of oxygen, nutrients, and residual products between the maternal and fetal bloodstreams and is a key determinant of fetal exposure to xenobiotics from the mother. To study the disposition of substances through the placenta, various experimental models are used, especially the perfused placenta, placental villi explants, and cell lineage models. In this context, nanotechnology, an area of study that is on the rise, enables the creation of particles on nanometric scales capable of releasing drugs aimed at specific tissues.

Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 Inhibitors Reduce Infection and Upregulate the Pro-inflammatory Immune Response in Rodents and Human Monocyte Cell Line.

is able to infect a wide range of vertebrates, including humans. Studies show that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a modulator of immune response in multiple types of infection, such as . However, the role of COX-2 during infection is still unclear.

Phenotypic variability in Bartter syndrome type I.

Limited phenotypic variability has been reported in patients with Bartter syndrome type I, with mutations in the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter gene (BSC). The diagnosis of this hereditary renal tubular disorder is usually made in the antenatal-neonatal period, due to the presence of polyhydramnios, premature delivery, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypercalciuria, and nephrocalcinosis. Among nine children with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis, we identified new mutations consistent with a loss of function of the mutant allele of the BSC gene in five.