An essential requirement for β1 integrin in the assembly of extracellular matrix proteins within the vascular wall.

β1 integrin has been shown to contribute to vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation, adhesion and mechanosensation in vitro. Here we showed that deletion of β1 integrin at the onset of smooth muscle differentiation resulted in interrupted aortic arch, aneurysms and failure to assemble extracellular matrix proteins. These defects result in lethality prior to birth.

When Cre-mediated recombination in mice does not result in protein loss.

Cre/loxP recombination enables cellular specificity and, in the case of inducible systems, temporal control of genomic deletions. Here we used a SM22α tamoxifen-inducible Cre line to inactivate β1 integrin in adult smooth muscle. Interestingly, analysis of two distinct β1 loxP transgenic mice revealed vastly different outcomes after β1 integrin deletion.

Adverse effects of antiretroviral treatment.

Background: The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has led to significant reduction in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related morbidity and mortality. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to antiretroviral treatment (ART) are however, major obstacles in its success.

Aims: We sought to study the adverse effects of ART in a resource-restricted setting in India.