Thyroid Eye Disease and Its Association With Diabetes Mellitus: A Major Review.

Purpose: Thyroid eye disease (TED) associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) presents unique challenges. DM is a risk factor for TED. Standard management of TED with glucocorticoids (GC), orbital radiation, or teprotumumab can cause adverse events in poor glycemic control.

A fungal epidemic amidst a viral pandemic: Risk factors for development of COVID-19 associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis in India.

Purpose: To study the risk factors for development of COVID-19 associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) during the COVID-19 pandemic in India.

Methods: Multi-centric retrospective case-control study conducted from October 2020 to May 2021. Cases comprised of consecutive patients of COVID-19-associated ROCM (CA-ROCM) presenting at the participating ophthalmic institutes.

Propensity of aerosol and droplet creation during oculoplastic procedures: A risk assessment with high-speed imaging amidst COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: The study uses principles of liquid and gas mechanics to verify and quantify the generation of aerosols in oculoplastic procedures, namely surgery using a scalpel, electrosurgical device, and a mechanized drill.

Methods: Surgical techniques were performed ex vivo using the electrosurgical device, scalpel, and mechanized drill on the muscle and bone of commercially available chicken. The liquid and gas dynamics were observed using a high-speed high-resolution Photron SA5 camera (0.

Malignant tumors of the eyelid in India: A multicenter, multizone study on clinicopathologic features and outcomes.

Purpose: To analyze data on eyelid malignancy in India, clinical and pathologic features, and outcomes.

Methods: A multicentre study, from oculoplastic practices in four geographic zones in India. The centers perform similar documentation and protocol-based management for eyelid tumors.

Visual morbidity in thyroid eye disease in Asian Indian patients.

Purpose: To describe visual morbidity in thyroid orbitopathy in Asian Indians and the factors influencing its onset.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed for patients with thyroid related orbitopathy seen between May 2014 and April 2019. Three hundred and one patients were included in the study.

Tele-consultations in the wake of COVID-19 - Suggested guidelines for clinical ophthalmology.

While telemedicine has been around for a few decades, it has taken great importance and prominence in recent times. With the fear of the virus being transmitted, patients and physicians across specialties are using consultation via a telephone call or video from the safety of their homes. Though tele-ophthalmology has been popular for screening, there are no clear guidelines on how to comprehensively manage patients seeking advice and treatment for a particular eye condition.

Risk factors for orbital implant exposure after evisceration: A case control study of 93 patients.

Purpose: The study aims to analyze risk factors for exposure of orbital implants after evisceration by comparison of patients with and without exposure of implants.

Methods: This is a case control study in retrospective interventional case series; Group A- implant exposures after evisceration, Group B - Patients on follow up after evisceration with implant, without exposure, with matched duration of follow up. The sample size is calculated for a power of 80.

Histopathologic risk factors in retinoblastoma in India.

Context: The presence of histopathologic risk factors is associated with development of metastasis in a patient with retinoblastoma. Adjuvant chemotherapy administered to such patients decreases the risk of metastasis.

Objective: To analyze the incidence of histopathologic risk factors in our patient population and the clinical predictors of such risk factors.

Bicanalicular laceration managed with two Mini-Monoka monocanalicular stents.

Bicanalicular lacerations have been traditionally managed using bicanalicular nasal intubation or annular stents. The Mini Monoka monocanalicular stent has been described for the management of monocanalicular lacerations. A bicanalicular laceration can also be successfully managed using two Mini Monoka monocanalicular stents, and this technique has several advantages.

Orbital metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma.

We report a case of orbital metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma and review the literature. A 45-year-old healthy male patient presented with proptosis due to an orbital mass. Histopathologic examination indicated that the tumor was a secondary from a hepatocellular carcinoma, and further investigations revealed the primary tumor in the liver.