NMDA Receptors in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Pathophysiology and Disease Models.

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are critical components of the mammalian central nervous system, involved in synaptic transmission, plasticity, and neurodevelopment. This review focuses on the structural and functional characteristics of NMDARs, with a particular emphasis on the GRIN2 subunits (GluN2A-D). The diversity of GRIN2 subunits, driven by alternative splicing and genetic variants, significantly impacts receptor function, synaptic localization, and disease manifestation.

Indole curcumin combats metastatic HBV-positive hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity.

Background: Chemical modification of the natural products and molecules can lead us toward drugs with lesser off-target effects for chemotherapeutic use against cancers. In this study, we explored the effect of an indole analog of the molecule curcumin, for the first time against HBV-positive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in vitro.

Materials And Methods: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase assays were used to measure the cytotoxic effects of indole curcumin against Hep3B cells.