Application of neurotransmitters and dental stem cells for pulp regeneration: A review.

Introduction: Although there have been many studies on stem cells, few have investigated how neurotransmitters and stem cell proliferation interact to regenerate dental pulp. Dental pulp regeneration is an innovative procedure for reviving dental pulp, if feasible for the entire tooth. Upon tooth injury, activated platelets release serotonin and dopamine in bulk to mobilize dental pulp stem cells to mediate natural dental repair.

Root and canal morphology of maxillary premolars and their relationship with the crown morphology.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between crown/root size and root/canal morphology of maxillary premolars.

Methods: One hundred and thirty-three first (P1) and 110 second (P2) maxillary premolars were used. Mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters and root heights of P1 and P2 were recorded to the nearest 0.

Morphological analysis of cementoenamel junction in premolars of Sri Lankans.

Cementoenamel junction is an anatomical landmark which indicates the meeting point of enamel of the crown and the cementum of the root. It is an important reference point in clinical dentistry as well as in dental radiography. The present study is done to describe the distribution of the mineralized tissue at the cementoenamel junction in relation to various surfaces of the premolars.

Supraorbital nerve exits: positional variations and localization relative to surgical landmarks.

Significant variations exist in the occurrence, form, and position of supraorbital nerve exits through the frontal bone. Detailed knowledge of the positional variations of supraorbital exits is important to ensure safe and successful regional anesthesia, and to avoid iatrogenic nerve injuries during surgery of the orbitofacial region. Supraorbital nerve exits from 116 sides of 58 dry intact adult skulls (37 male and 21 female) in a Sri Lankan population were examined to determine the morphological features and the precise position in relation to the facial midline, temporal crest of frontal bone, and frontozygomatic suture.

Morphometric Analysis of the Infraorbital Foramen: The Clinical Relevance.

The present study was conducted to ascertain the shape, size, presence of accessory foramina, direction, and the precise position of the infraorbital foramen (IOF) in relation to the inferior orbital margin (IOM), anterior nasal spine (ANS), nasion (Na), maxillary teeth, and supraorbital foramen/notch (SOF/N) in adult skulls in a Sri Lankan population. Fifty-four skulls (42 males and 12 females) were analyzed. The IOF was oval in shape (38.

Variations in the Root Form and Root Canal Morphology of Permanent Mandibular First Molars in a Sri Lankan Population.

The present study was conducted to determine the number of roots and morphology of the root canal system of permanent mandibular first molars (M1) in a Sri Lankan population. Sample of 529 M1 teeth was used. The number of roots was examined and the lengths of the mesial and distal roots were measured to the nearest 0.

Fluctuating asymmetry of the permanent mandibular molars in a Japanese population.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the pattern of fluctuating odontometric asymmetry of permanent mandibular first and second molars in a Japanese population. Dental plaster casts of 112 (57 males and 55 females) Japanese undergraduate dental students were used. The mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters of the whole crown and trigonid and talonid crown components were taken on the left and right sides of the mandibular permanent first and second molars.

Morphology of the cemento-enamel junction in premolar teeth.

The present study attempted to describe the distribution of the mineralized tissues that compose the cemento-enamel junction, with respect to both the different types of permanent premolars of males and females and the various surfaces of individual teeth. The cervical region of ground sections of 67 premolars that had been extracted for orthodontic reasons were analyzed using transmitted light microscopy to identify which of the following tissue interrelationships was present at the cemento-enamel junction: cementum overlapping enamel; enamel overlapping cementum; edge-to-edge relationship between cementum and enamel; or the presence of gaps between the enamel and cementum with exposed dentin. An edge-to-edge interrelation between root cementum and enamel was predominant (55.

Mandibular permanent second molar with four roots and root canals: a case report.

Although four-rooted mandibular first molars have been observed on a few occasions in the literature, to the best of our knowledge, four-rooted second molars have not been reported. Here, we describe a mandibular second molar with four roots and canals: two mesial and two distal. Mesial roots were separated in the cervical one-third near the cervical margin, while distal roots were divided at a lower level in the middle one-third of the root.

Root and canal morphology of permanent mandibular molars in a Sri Lankan population.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the root and canal morphology of Sri Lankan mandibular molars and to determine the affinities of these morphological variations to those of people of European and Asian origin. Two hundred mandibular first and second molars were examined. The number of roots and the prevalence of C-shaped (gutter-shaped) roots in mandibular second molars were recorded.