The role of lithium treatment on comorbid anxiety symptoms in patients with bipolar depression.

Background: Comorbid anxiety is pervasive and carries an immense psychosocial burden for patients with bipolar disorder. Despite this, trials reporting anxiety-related outcomes in this population are uncommon, particularly with regards to monotherapies.

Methods: Patients (n = 31) with both bipolar I or II disorder in current depressive episodes were enrolled in a six-week, open-label, single-center trial assessing the efficacy of lithium monotherapy in treating symptoms depression and comorbid anxiety.

Victimization by traditional bullying and cyberbullying and the combination of these among adolescents in 13 European and Asian countries.

There has been a lack of studies on bullying in non-western low-income and middle-income countries. This study reported the prevalence of traditional victimization, cybervictimization, and the combination of these, in 13 European and Asian countries, and explored how psychiatric symptoms were associated with victimization. The data for this cross-sectional, school-based study of 21,688 adolescents aged 13-15 were collected from 2011 to 2017.

Post-traumatic Stress and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents After the 2015 Earthquake in Nepal: A Longitudinal Study.

Few longitudinal studies have focused on mental health problems among adolescents after earthquakes. We investigated changes in post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and depressive symptoms from 18 to 31 months after the 2015 earthquake in Nepal and explored potential risk factors associated with the change in psychiatric symptoms. This study comprised of 515 adolescents, aged 11-17 years from two earthquake-affected areas, one severely affected than the other.

Parental age and risk of depression: A nationwide, population-based case-control study.

Background: The global prevalence of depression has increased in recent decades and so has the average age of parenthood. Younger and older parental age have been associated with several mental disorders in their offspring, but the associations for depression have been inconsistent.

Methods: This study comprised 37,682 singleton births in Finland from 1987- 2007.

Incidence and comorbidities of disruptive behavior disorders diagnosed in Finnish specialist psychiatric services.

Purpose: Disruptive behavior disorders (DBD), including oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD), are some of the most common psychiatric conditions in childhood. Despite this, there has been limited research on DBDs. We examined the incidence, comorbidity and gender differences of DBDs diagnosed by specialist services.

Risk for Premature Mortality and Intentional Self-harm in Autism Spectrum Disorders.

To examine the risk for premature mortality and intentional self-harm in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Based on a national birth cohort. Children born in 1987-2005, diagnosed with ASD by 2007 (n = 4695) were matched with four non-ASD subjects (n = 18,450) and followed until 2015 for mortality and intentional self-harm.

Preterm Birth Is Associated With Depression From Childhood to Early Adulthood.

Objective: There have been inconsistent findings on the associations among prematurity, poor fetal growth, and depression. We examined the associations among gestational age, poor fetal growth, and depression in individuals aged 5 to 25 years.

Method: We identified 37,682 case subjects based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code 2961 and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes F32.

Children's Relative Age and ADHD Medication Use: A Finnish Population-Based Study.

Objectives: The youngest children in a classroom are at increased risk of being medicated for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We examined the association between children's birth month and ADHD medication rates in Finland.

Methods: Using a population-based study, we analyzed ADHD medication use among children born in 2005 to 2007.

Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for anxiety disorders among children and adolescents: A systematic review.

Background: Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for anxiety disorders have rarely been studied, even though they are highly prevalent in children and adolescents. It is important to identify the common risk factors, so that targeted preventive care and early interventions can be provided.

Methods: A systematic review of the PubMed and PsycInfo databases was conducted to 25 October 2019, according to the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines.

Relative age is associated with bullying victimisation and perpetration among children aged eight to nine.

Aim: To assess whether relative age was associated with bullying involvement and whether the associations were independent of child psychiatric symptoms.

Methods: Bullying was assessed among 8576 children in the second grade, aged 8 years, by using four cross-sectional population-based studies with identical methodology completed by children, parents and teachers in 1989 (response rate 97%), 1999 (93%), 2005 (90%) and 2013 (86%). The main outcomes were bullying victimisation and perpetration.

The impact of parental psychopathology and sociodemographic factors in selective mutism - a nationwide population-based study.

Background: Selective mutism (SM) is nowadays considered a relatively rare anxiety disorder characterized by children failing to speak in certain situations. Research on risk factors for SM are limited in comparison to other psychiatric disorders. The aim of this study was to examine several potential risk factors for SM in a large nationwide cohort, namely parental psychopathology, parental age, maternal SES, urbanicity, maternal marital status and parental immigration status.

Early risk factors for postpartum depression: A longitudinal Japanese population-based study.

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) negatively impacts maternal health, parenting and development of children. Most previous studies on PPD risk factors are based on Western populations. Additionally, little is known about the association between psychosocial factors during early pregnancy period and PPD.

Perinatal risk factors and reactive attachment disorder: A nationwide population-based study.

Aim: To examine the association between several perinatal and obstetric risk factors and reactive attachment disorder in children diagnosed in specialised services.

Methods: In this nested case-control study, 614 cases with reactive attachment disorder and 2423 controls matched with age and sex were identified from Finnish national registers. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine the association between a number of perinatal risk factors and reactive attachment disorder.

Maternal Vitamin D Levels and the Risk of Offspring Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objective: Recent evidence has highlighted the importance of vitamin D in the development of the central nervous system. Some studies have shown an association between maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy and offspring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms based on parent or teacher ratings. There are no previous studies on early pregnancy 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and the risk of diagnosed offspring ADHD.

Time trends in the incidence of diagnosed depression among people aged 5-25 years living in Finland 1995-2012.

Knowledge of time trends for depression is important for disease prevention and healthcare planning. Only a few studies have addressed these questions regarding the incidence and cumulative incidence of diagnosed depression from childhood to early adulthood and findings have been inconclusive. The aim of this national register-based Finnish study was to report the time trends of the age-specific and gender-specific incidence and cumulative incidence of diagnosed depression.

Maternal serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and offspring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Exposure to infection and inflammation during the fetal period are associated with offspring neuropsychiatric disorders. Few previous studies have examined this association with ADHD with mixed findings. This study aims to examine the association between early gestational maternal C-reactive protein (CRP), prospectively assayed in stored maternal sera and the risk of ADHD in offspring.

Risk factors for impaired maternal bonding when infants are 3 months old: a longitudinal population based study from Japan.

Background: Impaired maternal bonding has been associated with antenatal and postnatal factors, especially postpartum depression. Only a few population-based, longitudinal studies have examined the association between maternal depression and bonding in outside western countries. In addition, little is known about the association between psychosocial factors during pregnancy and impaired maternal bonding.

Prenatal Cotinine Levels and ADHD Among Offspring.

Objectives: An association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been shown across several studies based on self-reports. No previous studies have investigated the association of nicotine exposure measured by cotinine levels during pregnancy and offspring ADHD.

Methods: In this population-based study, 1079 patients born between 1998 and 1999 and diagnosed with ADHD according to the and 1079 matched controls were identified from Finnish nationwide registers.

Parental immigration and offspring post-traumatic stress disorder: A nationwide population-based register study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between parental immigration status and a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in their offspring.

Methods: This nested matched case-control study was based on a Finnish national birth cohort for 1987-2010 and cases were diagnosed with PTSD by 2012 from the Care Register for Health Care. We identified 3639 cases and 14,434 controls individually matched for gender, place and date of birth (±30 days).

Parental Risk Factors among Children with Reactive Attachment Disorder Referred to Specialized Services: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

This nationwide population-based register study examined the family and parental risk factors associated with offspring reactive attachment disorder (RAD). We identified 614 children diagnosed with RAD from the Finnish Care Register for Health Care and each case was matched with four controls. Univariate and multivariate models examined the associations between risk factors and RAD.

Social risk factors for speech, scholastic and coordination disorders: a nationwide register-based study.

Background: Broadly defined learning and coordination disorders (LCDs) are common in the population and have previously been associated with familial social risk factors and male sex. However, comprehensive nationwide studies of these risk factors in LCD subgroups are lacking. Our objective was to assess different LCDs in relation to sex and maternal education, marital status and socioeconomic status based on occupation.

Lower Apgar scores and Caesarean sections are related to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Aim: We examined the associations between prenatal, birth-related and newborn risk factors and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: In this population-based study, 10 409 subjects diagnosed with ADHD by 31 December 2011 and 39 124 controls, born between 1 January 1991 and 31 December 2005, were identified from Finnish nationwide registers. Perinatal data were obtained from the Birth Register.

Psychiatric symptoms experienced by adolescents in Nepal following the 2015 earthquakes.

Background: In 2015, Nepal was hit by two major earthquakes, which caused 8900 deaths and displaced more than 450,000 people. We assessed the prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and depressive symptoms and explored potential risk factors among adolescents.

Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 893 students aged 11-17 in school grades 7-10.