Publications by authors named "Rosenfield D"

Many universities have implemented bystander training programs to prevent relationship violence and sexual assault. Such programs encourage students to engage in behaviors to prevent interpersonal violence (i.e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

This article presents primary outcomes from the Community Study of Outcome Monitoring for Emotional Disorders in Teens, a two-site, randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of the plus measurement-based care (UP-A), measurement-based care alone (TAU+), and treatment as usual (TAU) in community mental health clinics. A total of 174 clinicians were randomized to implement TAU ( = 49), TAU plus an MBC measure (TAU+; = 63), or UP-A plus MBC (UP-A; = 62). In addition, 196 adolescents were randomized to receive 16 weeks of either TAU ( = 68), TAU+ ( = 60), or UP-A ( = 68).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Le vélo demeure une activité populaire pour les enfants et les adolescents du monde entier; elle combine le plaisir de se déplacer rapidement et de nombreux avantages pour la santé et la société. Cependant, le vélo est également associé à un risque de blessures graves et de décès. Depuis dix ans, les recherches démontrent de plus en plus que l'amélioration de la sécurité des cyclistes dépend en grande partie de l'environnement dans lequel ils se déplacent et de mesures de sécurité individuelles comme le port du casque.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cycling remains a popular activity for children and youth around the world, combining the fun of moving at speed with numerous health and societal benefits. However, cycling is also associated with risk for serious injury and death. Over the past decade, research has increasingly shown that improving safety for cyclists depends, in large part, on the environment they are cycling in as well as on individual safety measures such as helmet use.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study looked at how approach bias (the tendency to move towards things you crave, like smoking) affects people's ability to quit smoking.
  • Researchers tested a method called approach bias retraining (ABR) to help smokers avoid their cravings and improve their chances of quitting.
  • Results showed that when smokers had lower approach bias and cravings, they were more likely to stay smoke-free during treatment, suggesting that ABR can be a helpful tool for quitting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Improving mindfulness is an important treatment target for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). However, less is known about how different treatments impact specific aspects of mindfulness. In a clinical trial (Simon et al.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The Exposure Therapy Consortium (ETC) was created to improve how exposure therapy works and to help people understand it better.
  • The article talks about how the ETC is organized and what they are doing to support researchers and doctors.
  • It also mentions how these teams can work together to find new ways to help more people access and use exposure therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Anxiety sensitivity (AS), reflecting the fear of bodily sensations, is a transdiagnostic vulnerability factor that underpins both affective psychopathology and smoking. Phase II research supports the efficacy of a 15-week community-based intervention (STEP) that combines high-intensity exercise offered by the YMCA with standard smoking cessation treatment (tobacco quitline and nicotine replacement therapy) for sedentary smokers with elevated AS. This Phase III study aims to enroll 360 adults to evaluate whether STEP efficacy for achieving smoking abstinence generalizes to Black and Hispanic smokers with elevated AS.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study examines how individuals with asthma respond to emotional films using fMRI to analyze brain activity, particularly focusing on the central nervous system's reaction to negative and neutral stimuli.
  • Both asthma patients and healthy controls showed reduced brain deactivation in certain areas when viewing negative films, indicating altered emotional processing related to asthma.
  • While increased exhaled nitric oxide levels correlated with brain activation, this relationship was stronger in healthy controls, suggesting that allergies in asthma patients may interfere with nitric oxide's effects on central nervous system activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Virtual care in Canada rapidly expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic in a low-rules environment in response to pressing needs for ongoing access to care amid public health restrictions. Emergency medicine specialists now face the challenge of advising on which virtual urgent care services ought to remain as part of comprehensive emergency care. Consideration must be given to safe, quality, and appropriate care as well as issues of equitable access, public demand, and sustainability (financial and otherwise).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The current study examined how interpersonal racial discrimination experiences operate together with other forms of interpersonal violence to contribute to mental health symptoms among justice-involved adolescents of color. Participants were 118 justice-involved adolescents of color aged 14 to 17 ( = 15.77,  = 1.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Research indicates that positive memories have a role in posttraumatic stress disorder's (PTSD) symptomatology and treatment. Following treatment development guidelines, a novel PTSD intervention - Processing of Positive Memories Technique (PPMT) - was developed and subsequently examined for its effects and feasibility in pilot studies. Extending this research, the proposed pilot randomized clinical trial with PPMT and Supportive Counseling (SC) arms will examine PPMT's effects on PTSD severity and biomarkers of stress systems' dysregulation (awakening salivary alpha amylase [sAA] and cortisol concentrations); examine mechanistic targets (affect) underlying PPMT's effects; and refine PPMT.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Positive and negative affect play critical roles in depression and anxiety treatment, but the dynamic processes of how affect changes over treatment in relation to changes in symptoms is unclear. The study goal was to examine relationships among changes in positive and negative affect with changes in depression and anxiety symptoms.

Method: This secondary analysis used a combined sample ( = 196) of two trials (Craske et al.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To explore predictors and moderators of clinical worsening during a double-blind trial in which patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) were randomized to either continue or discontinue their Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SRI) medication after achieving wellness from the addition of exposure and response prevention (EX/RP) therapy.

Method: The data came from a double-blind discontinuation trial that included N = 101 participants, 35 of whom were removed from the study due to clinical worsening. We first used LASSO logistic regression to identify which of the 34 potential baseline variables of interest (including demographics, diagnoses, other relevant clinical constructs, and specific genotypes), might moderate or predict this clinical worsening.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Exposure and response prevention (EX/RP) can be delivered as monotherapy or to augment serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs). While both options are considered effective OCD treatments, responses are heterogenous. Substantial work has investigated EX/RP predictors to account for this variability in responses, with mixed findings.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Positive valence emotions serve functions that may facilitate response to exposure therapy - they encourage approach behavior, diminish perceived threat reactivity, and enhance assimilation of new information in memory. Few studies have examined whether positive emotions predict exposure therapy success and extant findings are mixed.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of an exposure therapy trial for social anxiety disorder to test the hypothesis that patients endorsing higher trait positive emotions at baseline would display the greatest treatment response.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Effectiveness trials aim to increase the generalizability and public health impact of interventions. However, challenges associated with this design present threats to external and internal validity. This paper illustrates these challenges using data from a two-site randomized effectiveness trial, the Community Study of Outcome Monitoring for Emotional Disorders in Teens (COMET) and presents recommendations for future research.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Sleep disturbances are present in ~65% of individuals with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD). Although both Kundalini yoga (KY) and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) are effective treatment options for GAD, little is known about how these treatments compare in improving sleep for GAD and what drives these changes. Accordingly, we examined the effects of CBT, KY, and stress education (SEdu; an attention control condition) on subjective sleep quality (as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI] and Insomnia Severity Index [ISI]) in a randomised controlled trial of 226 adults with GAD (mean age 33.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Affective response to exercise (i.e., how individuals feel during- and post-exercise) as well as post-behavioral evaluations of affective experiences with exercise (i.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Over a decade and a half of research has resulted in inconsistent evidence for the efficacy of d-cycloserine (DCS), a partial glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate agonist, for augmenting exposure-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety- and fear-based disorders. These variable findings have motivated the search for moderators of DCS augmentation efficacy.

Methods: In this secondary analysis of a previous randomized clinical trial, we evaluated the value of de novo threat conditioning outcomes-degree of threat acquisition, extinction, and extinction retention-for predicting treatment response to exposure-based CBT for social anxiety disorder, applied with and without DCS augmentation in a sample of 59 outpatients.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Many individuals have experienced a multitude of chronic stressors and diminished psychological functioning during COVID-19. The current study examined whether biases towards positive social media or positive autobiographical memories was related to increases in psychological functioning during COVID-19. Participants were 1071 adults (M= 46.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

People with asthma may be particularly vulnerable to pandemic-related psychological distress, and research is needed to understand the impact of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic on their health and well-being. We sought to study the well-being of people with asthma relative to non-asthmatic controls during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also investigated asthma symptoms and COVID-19-related anxiety as potential mediators of distress.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF