Positive and negative effects of diagnostic intensities of ultrasound on erythrocyte blood group markers.

Human erythrocytes were exposed in vitro to diagnostic intensities of ultrasound. Various antigenic tests were conducted to see if the different blood group markers had been changed. No change was observed following sonication for Ss, M, K1, ABO, and the rhesus factors.

Photosensitization of single-strand breaks in pBR322 DNA by rose bengal.

Rose bengal photosensitized the formation of frank single-strand breaks (SSBs) in double-stranded, supercoiled pBR322 DNA as measured by neutral agarose electrophoresis. The yield of SSBs followed first order kinetics with respect to light fluence and dye concentration. The efficiency of cleavage was more than 20 times greater in an argon atmosphere than in an oxygen atmosphere.

[The incisor of the rat--not only an indicator for disorders of homeostasis].

In experimental endocrinology and for studies of disturbed homeostasis caused by alterations of mineral metabolism rat incisors are known test model. Recently they will be relevant to interpret effects of xenobiotics. In our experiments we found remarkable correlations between specific organ toxicity (affinity) and histotropic effects in the incisors (enamel or dentine), further variations of the reaction in relation to the time of application.

[Effect of metabolic changes in the liver on the cytotoxic activity of cyclophosphamide in the incisor of rats].

The incisor of the rat is a sensitive biological indicator which records nutritive and hormonal disorders as well as toxic influences. The present investigation was aimed to provide information whether or not the manifestation of cyclophosphamide-caused hypoplasias could be altered by an induction (phenobarbital) or inhibition (carbon tetrachloride) of the liver biotransformation capacity. Cyclophosphamide (15 or 30 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally.

Theoretical and experimental studies on the influence of ultrasound on immobilized enzymes.

Experimental investigations on alpha-amylase and glucoamylase bound to porous polystyrene show that the activity of immobilized enzymes can be raised in the presence of an ultrasonic field. The maximum activity increase in a flow cuvette at 7.6 MHz and a sound intensity of 5 kW/m(2) amounts to more than 200% under the given experimental conditions.

Effects of ultrasound on the catalytic activity of matrix-bound glucoamylase.

The effect of ultrasonic waves on the activity of glucoamylase bound to a porous polystyrene matrix is investigated in this Paper. The immobilized enzyme was sonated in a flow cuvette at frequencies between 1 and 11 MHz and sound intensities up to 5 kW m-2. The effect was measured as a function of the type and concentration of the substrate, carrier particle size, flow rate of the substrate solution and ultrasonic frequency.

Biochemical study of sialidosis type I in a Russian family.

A 7-year-old boy from a Russian family with decreased vision and a cherry-red spot but without any somatic and mental abnormalities is described in this paper. The decreased neuraminidase activity in the child's leukocytes and cultured skin fibroblasts and his 10-fold increase in urinary sialyloligosaccharides allowed us to conclude that he was affected by type I sialidosis. Some other results of the biochemical study of this child and his parents are presented.

Interaction of hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor with asialoorosomucoid and galactolyzed lysosomal alpha-glucosidase.

An asialoglycoprotein receptor was isolated from murine liver and purified more than 1600-fold using 2-fold affinity chromatography on asialoorosomucoid-Sepharose. The purified receptor did not interact with 125I-orosomucoid, but bound to 125I-asialoorosomucoid. The binding of the receptor to asialoorosomucoid was saturable.

Prenatal exclusion of metachromatic leukodystrophy by estimation of arylsulphatase A activity in chorion and cultured amniotic fluid cells.

Chorion biopsy specimens were used for prenatal assay of arylsulphatase A activity in a pregnant woman whose two children had died from metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). As in two subsequent pregnancies chorion arylsulphatase A was in the control range, it was concluded that both fetuses were healthy. Absence of MLD in the fetus from the first pregnancy was confirmed after assay of arylsulphatase A activity in fetal organs.

On the correlation of acoustical sounds and ultrasound velocimetry in the subclavian steal syndrome.

Patients with suspected subclavian steal syndrome were examined by Doppler ultrasonography and by auscultation, particular attention being paid to the velocity profiles and "augmentation bruits" in the vertebral arteries, and the findings being compared with angiography. This was done with the patients at rest and during and after ischemic exercise of the affected arm. The recorded bruits were analyzed for their frequency content and it was found that the bruits in a particular kind of vessel are well characterized by the first moment of the spectrum.

An unusual case of mannosidosis with severe deficiency of acid mannosidase in leukocytes and high residual enzymatic activity in skin fibroblasts.

A case of mannosidosis with high residual activity of fibroblast acid mannosidase is described. The mutant enzyme was thermostable and has an almost normal Km value. The patient had mild clinical manifestations, but excretion of mannose-rich oligosaccharides was very high.

Serum lipoproteins of patients with glycogen storage disease.

Seventeen patients with different types of glycogen storage disease (GSD) were under observation. The type of the disease was defined from glucaemic and lactotaemic curves obtained in glucose, galactose and adrenaline tolerance tests and by biochemical analysis of liver biopsy specimens. Seven patients were found to have Type I; five patients, Type III; one patient, Type VI; and four patients, the Type IX (or X) of GSD.

Carbohydrate content of acid alpha-glucosidase (gamma-amylase) from human liver.

The presence of carbohydrates in homogeneous preparations of human liver acid alpha-glucosidase has been established and the carbohydrate content of the enzyme determined. The enzyme was purified with the specific purpose of removing all low-molecular-weight carbohydrates. It was specifically adsorbed on Concanavalin A-Sepharose, eluted with methyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside and gave a positive reaction with the phenol-sulphuric acid reagent.

Studies on some biologically active dextrans.

The relationship between the structures of six native dextrans and their effects on nonspecific resistance to infection (n.s.r.

Two cases of unusual Type I glycogenosis.

Two patients with apparent clinical manifestations of glycogen storage disease were described. The curves obtained upon glucose and adrenalin tolerance tests were indicative of glycogen storage disease Type I. Liver biopsies showed the increased glycogen concentration; however, the activities of the enzymes involved in glycogen metabolism, including glucose-6-phosphatase activity, were within normal limits or even slightly enhanced.

[Alpha-L-fucosidase activity in human blood].

The alpha-L-fucosidase activity was studied in blood plasma and cells. In leucocytes and blood plasma of healthy persons the fucosidase activity varied considerably. The fucosidase activity in blood was not altered under pathological conditions other than fucosidosis.