Considerations for Evaluating Older Adults with Cancer for Depression: A Qualitative Survey of Experts.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to engage national experts in geriatric psychiatry and oncology in qualitative interviews to develop consensus regarding how older adult cancer survivors (OACS) experience depressive symptoms, and how best to assess OACs for depression.

Methods: Expert clinicians in geriatric oncology disciplines were interviewed about approaches to assessing depression in OACs. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed, and conducted until thematic saturation was achieved.

Incidental detection of pheochromocytoma during workup for symptomatic aortic stenosis: A case report and management discussion.

Pheochromocytoma patients with high levels of circulating catecholamines are at risk of cardiovascular complications related to hypertensive emergencies and subsequent organ damage. A patient with concomitant aortic stenosis and pheochromocytoma has compounded risk of cardiovascular complications, especially during surgery, which complicates medical decision-making. We report a patient with Turner syndrome and congenital heart defects (CHDs) who was incidentally discovered to have a pheochromocytoma during workup of symptomatic severe bioprosthetic aortic stenosis.

Neuropsychological Functioning in Sexual Offenders With and Without Pedophilic Disorder.

This study sought to examine neuropsychological functioning in men with pedophilic disorder (PD), in order to assess whether findings from prior neuropsychological studies are replicated in a diverse sample including men with non-contact sexual offenses. It was hypothesized that when non-contact offenders are included in the study, a slowed processing speed will emerge as the only finding unique to men with PD. A comprehensive neuropsychological battery was administered to 58 men convicted of a sexual offense, 20 of whom were classified as having PD.

Intolerance of uncertainty, experiential avoidance, and trust in physician: a moderated mediation analysis of emotional distress in advanced cancer.

We tested whether patients' trust in physician moderated the hypothesized indirect association between intolerance of uncertainty (IU; inability to tolerate the unknown) and emotional distress through the mediator, experiential avoidance (EA; efforts to avoid negative emotions, thoughts, or memories), in patients with advanced cancer. The sample included 108 adults with Stage III or IV cancer (53% female; M = 63 years) recruited from a metropolitan cancer center. All constructs were measured by standardized self-report instruments.

How patients with advanced cancer conceptualize prognosis: A phenomenological qualitative inquiry.

Background: Despite the importance of accurate prognostic understanding in patients with advanced cancer, there is little consensus around how to conceptualize and measure the multidimensional construct. Most studies focus on single aspects of prognostic understanding (e.g.

On taking up space: a qualitative inquiry of depression in older adults with cancer.

Objective: To identify the phenomenology of depression in older adults with cancer (OACs) in order to improve the accuracy of depression screening for this population.

Method: Inclusion criteria were: ≥70 years old, history of cancer, no cognitive impairment or severe psychopathology. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire, a diagnostic interview, and a qualitative interview.

Resolution of manic symptoms following unilateral adrenalectomy in patient with primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia.

Primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH) is often associated with symptoms of cortisol excess, which may include neuropsychological symptoms. We report a patient with PBMAH who presented with manic symptoms that resolved following unilateral adrenalectomy.

Measuring a Patient's understanding of their prognosis: An exploratory analysis.

Objective: In patients with cancer across the illness trajectory, treatment decisions are often influenced by one's perception of their prognosis (i.e., curability of disease, life expectancy, quality of life).

Identifying positive impression management using the MMPI-2 and the MMPI-2-RF: A meta-analysis.

Individuals may be motivated to conceal or minimize psychological symptoms and engage in positive impression management (PIM) in order to achieve desired outcomes across high stakes contexts (e.g. fitness for duty evaluations, pre-sentencing assessments, medical procedure evaluations, civil commitment).

Implications of COVID-19 Vaccination on Hospital Encounters and Outcomes.

Adverse events, including cardiac involvement, after vaccination for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been reported. We sought to evaluate trends of hospital encounters for vaccine recipients before and after vaccination. We analyzed patients who received the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine in the MedStar Health system (11 hospitals in Washington, District of Columbia and Maryland) from December 2020 through August 2021.

Detecting symptom exaggeration and minimization using translated versions of the MMPI-2 and MMPI-2-RF: A systematic review and preliminary meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review and preliminary meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of translated versions of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) and the MMPI-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) in detecting response distortion (i.e., symptom exaggeration and minimization), a central concern in forensic assessment.

Comparing the Ability of MMPI-2 and MMPI-2-RF Validity Scales to Detect Feigning: A Meta-Analysis.

Several meta-analyses of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) have examined these instruments' ability to detect symptom exaggeration or feigning. However, limited research has directly compared whether the scales across these two instruments are equally effective. This study used a moderated meta-analysis to compare 109 MMPI-2 and 41 MMPI-2-RF feigning studies, 83 (56.

Measuring hopelessness in advanced cancer: a secondary analysis of the Hopelessness Assessment in Illness questionnaire (HAI).

Objective: Hopelessness, or a sense of despair about the future, has been a growing focus of psychological research among patients with serious medical illnesses. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Hopelessness Assessment in Illness (HAI) questionnaire, developed specifically for those facing a life-threatening illness. Participants were 344 advanced cancer patients (e.

The impact of coaching on feigned psychiatric and medical symptoms: A meta-analysis using the MMPI-2.

Coaching individuals on test-taking strategies presents legal and ethical concerns and threatens the validity of psychological test score interpretations, which could lead to inaccuracies in clinical settings and injustices within the legal system. This meta-analysis examined the impact of coaching on the detection of symptom exaggeration or feigning on the MMPI-2. A total of 99 feigning studies (N = 19,536) comparing validity subscale scores between genuine and nongenuine (coached or non-coached) responders were analyzed.

Violence risk assessment for young adults receiving treatment for early psychosis.

Aim: Although the absolute risk of violence is small for individuals with mental illnesses, a specific subgroup of individuals who appear to be at increased risk for violence includes young people experiencing emerging or early psychosis. Prior research has identified risk factors for violence in this population, though no prior studies using a formal risk assessment tool have been identified. This study used the Historical Clinical Risk Management-20, version 3 (HCR-20) to identify risk of future violence among a sample of young adults with early psychosis and relevant predictors of risk unique to this population.

The Impact of Matching to Psychotherapy Preference on Engagement in a Randomized Controlled Trial for Patients With Advanced Cancer.

This study examined whether patients who were randomly assigned to their preferred therapy arm had stronger engagement with their treatment than those who were randomly assigned to a non-preferred therapy arm. Data were drawn from a RCT comparing Individual Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy (IMCP), with Individual Supportive Psychotherapy (ISP), in patients with advanced cancer. Treatment engagement was operationalized as patients' perceptions of the therapeutic alliance with their therapist and therapy sessions attended.

Prognostic implications of depression and inflammation in patients with metastatic lung cancer.

Lung cancer-related inflammation is associated with depression. Both elevated inflammation and depression are associated with worse survival. However, outcomes of patients with concomitant depression and elevated inflammation are not known.

The Sickness Behavior Inventory-Revised: Sickness behavior and its associations with depression and inflammation in patients with metastatic lung cancer.

Background: Inflammation may contribute to the high prevalence of depressive symptoms seen in lung cancer. "Sickness behavior" is a cluster of symptoms induced by inflammation that are similar but distinct from depressive symptoms. The Sickness Behavior Inventory-Revised (SBI-R) was developed to measure sickness behavior.

Measuring positive psychosocial sequelae in patients with advanced cancer.

Objective: Posttraumatic growth and benefit finding describe the potential for positive changes resulting from traumatic experiences, including cancer. In oncology, these constructs are increasingly examined concurrently using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) and the Benefit Finding Scale (BFS). However, distinctions between these constructs and their corresponding scales are not altogether clear, and the burden of administering 2 lengthy questionnaires is evident, particularly for patients at end-of-life.

Health Information Preferences and Curability Beliefs Among Patients With Advanced Cancer.

Context: Accurate prognostic understanding is associated with increased advance care planning, symptom control, and patient autonomy in oncology. The impact of prognostic understanding on patients' health information preferences (HIPs) and prognostic information preferences is unknown and has important implications for health care communication.

Objectives: The present study characterized the HIPs of patients with advanced cancer; examined differences in HIPs between patients with varying curability beliefs; and identified differences in the characteristics and psychological well-being of patients with varying curability beliefs.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in Oncology With Examination of Invariance Between Younger and Older Patients.

Accurate measurement of depressive symptoms in the cancer setting is critical for ensuring optimal quality of life and patient outcomes. The present study compared the one-factor, correlated two-factor, correlated four-factor, and second-order factor models of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), a commonly used measure in oncology settings. Given the importance of adequate psychometric performance of the CES-D across age groups, a second aim was to examine measurement invariance between younger and older adults with cancer.

Detection of feigned posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2).

Objective: This study synthesized the results of 22 studies ( = 3,912) of feigned posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms that used the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2).

Method: Robust variance estimation was used to analyze variables that affected the accuracy of scales used to detect feigned symptoms.

Results: The F scale ( = 1.

Leiomyosarcoma Tumor Embolism Masquerading as Thrombus in Transit.

BACKGROUND Tumor embolism is a rare neoplastic complication that occurs when there is intravenous invasion by a benign or malignant tumor. We present the case of an asymptomatic patient with an incidentally discovered leiomyosarcoma tumor emboli, which was initially misdiagnosed as "thrombus in transit." CASE REPORT The patient was a 58-year-old woman who was incidentally found on echocardiogram to have a large tubular mass within the inferior vena cava and right atrium.