Probing the Self-Assembly dynamics of cellulose nanocrystals by X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy.

Hypothesis: Charge-stabilized colloidal cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) can self-assemble into higher-ordered chiral nematic structures by varying the volume fraction. The assembly process exhibits distinct dynamics during the isotropic to liquid crystal phase transition, which can be elucidated using X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS).

Experiments: Anionic CNCs were dispersed in propylene glycol (PG) and water spanning a range of volume fractions, encompassing several phase transitions.

Long-Term Trajectories of Older Adults Served by an Emergency Department/Hospital-Based Elder Mistreatment Response Program.

Background: An emergency department (ED) visit or hospitalization provides an opportunity to identify elder mistreatment and initiate intervention, but this seldom occurs. To address this, we developed the Vulnerable Elder Protection Team (VEPT), a novel interdisciplinary consultation service. We explored the long-term trajectories of patients receiving VEPT evaluation and intervention.

Focusing on Caregiver Neglect: A Novel Strategy for Mistreatment of Older Adults Screening and Intervention.

Mistreatment of older adults is common and has serious health consequences but is under-recognized and under-reported. Screening for mistreatment of older adults and initiation of intervention in primary care clinics may be helpful, but the value of existing tools is not supported by evidence. We argue that shifting the focus to individual sub-types of mistreatment of older adults can provide improved approaches to screening and ultimately to intervention.

A review of the efficacy of complementary and alternative Medicines in managing Pruritus.

Background: Pruritus significantly impacts quality of life, leading to increased interest in complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) as potential treatments. This review explores the efficacy of various CAMs for pruritus.

Methods: A comprehensive review was conducted on the effectiveness of several CAMs for pruritus.

Practical Update on Treatment of Oral Candidiasis.

Dermatologists are likely to periodically encounter candidiasis in clinical practice, especially given the increased risk with the use of new broad-spectrum IL-17 blocking psoriasis agents such as bimekizumab. Oral candidiasis may be white or red, classically presenting as cottage-cheese consistency plaques associated with symptoms of a burning mouth and dysgeusia. Standard first- and second-line antifungal medications can easily and safely be prescribed by dermatologists.

Assessments of working group effectiveness in the planning of the New Jersey Kids Study: An applied mixed-methods study on the science of team science.

Introduction: The New Jersey Kids Study (NJKS) is a transdisciplinary statewide initiative to understand influences on child health, development, and disease. We conducted a mixed-methods study of project planning teams to investigate team effectiveness and relationships between team dynamics and quality of deliverables.

Methods: Ten theme-based working groups (WGs) (e.

A public health/hospital partnership to improve Emergency Department transitions of care for vulnerable older adults.

Background: Community-dwelling older adults are at high risk for unmet social service needs. We describe a novel partnership embedding county services case managers in the Emergency Department (ED) to connect older adults to community services alongside their medical care.

Methods: Setting: A medium-sized urban ED with 55,000 patient visits a year.

"What Does 'Age-Friendly' Mean to You?": The Role of Microaggressions in a Retirement and Assisted Living Community.

Background And Objectives: In conversations about expanding age-friendly ecosystems, the concept of "age-friendliness" has not been explored in relation to residential settings.

Research Design And Methods: This multiple-case study compared four residents' perspectives on the age-friendliness of a retirement and assisted living community, combining individual semi-structured interviews with observational data and organizational document analyses in a contextualist thematic examination.

Results: Three themes depict (A) existing experiences of the setting as "age-friendly" and the tension of the built design vs.

Herpes Vegetans in a Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in the Setting of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections classically present as a vesicular eruption on an erythematous base; however, viral infections may present much differently in the setting of immune deficiency. Herpes vegetans is an atypical presentation of HSV that occurs in immunocompromised patients, typically those with human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Herpes vegetans is characterized by hyperkeratotic, exophytic, and, sometimes, ulcerated nodules, often with a chronic and persistent course.

Blood pressure control in pregnant patients with chronic hypertension and diabetes: should <130/80 be the target?

Background: The Chronic Hypertension and Pregnancy Study demonstrated that a target blood pressure of <140/90 mm Hg during pregnancy is associated with improved perinatal outcomes. Outside of pregnancy, pharmacologic therapy for patients with diabetes and hypertension is adjusted to a target blood pressure of <130/80 mm Hg. During pregnancy, patients with both diabetes and chronic hypertension may also benefit from tighter control with a target blood pressure <130/80 mm Hg.

Effects of Antihypertensive Therapy During Pregnancy on Postpartum Blood Pressure Control.

Objective: To compare differences in postpartum blood pressure (BP) control (BP below 140/90 mm Hg) for participants with hypertension randomized to receive antihypertensive treatment compared with no treatment during pregnancy.

Methods: This study was a planned secondary analysis of a multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial (The CHAP [Chronic Hypertension and Pregnancy] trial). Pregnant participants with mild chronic hypertension (BP below 160/105 mm Hg) were randomized into two groups: active (antihypertensive treatment) or control (no treatment unless severe hypertension, BP 160/105 mm Hg or higher).

Association Between Metformin Use in Early Gestational or Type 2 Diabetes in Pregnancy and Preterm Preeclampsia.

Objective: To estimate the association between maternal metformin use for the treatment of early gestational or pre-existing type 2 diabetes and preterm preeclampsia.

Methods: This is a planned secondary analysis of the MOMPOD study (Medical Optimization of Management of Overt Type 2 Diabetes in Pregnancy), a randomized trial comparing the effect of adding metformin with insulin treatment on composite neonatal outcome in singleton pregnancies with early gestational or type 2 diabetes. Participants were randomized at 11-23 weeks of gestation to 1,000 mg metformin twice daily or placebo until delivery.

Elder Mistreatment Documentation by Prehospital Clinicians: An Analysis of the National Emergency Medical Services Information System Database.

Objectives: Elder mistreatment (EM), encompassing abuse and neglect, is a significant public health issue, affecting up to 10% of community-dwelling older adults annually. Elder mistreatment is a growing concern with a higher prevalence in institutional settings and substantial associated healthcare costs. Prehospital clinicians (PHCs) such as emergency medical technicians and paramedics are uniquely positioned to detect and report EM during their interactions with older adults in their homes.

Exploring Overt Racial and Ethnic Conflict in Resident-to-Resident Aggression in Long-Term Care Facilities.

Objectives: Resident-to-resident aggression (RRA) in long-term care facilities is gaining recognition as a serious problem. Racial/ethnic conflict may be a contributing factor to RRA incidents, but it remains insufficiently studied. Our goal was to explore overt racial/ethnic conflict in RRA.

Effect of an Intrapartum Pelvic Dilator Device on Levator Ani Muscle Avulsion During Primiparous Vaginal Delivery: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The objective was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of an intrapartum electromechanical pelvic floor dilator designed to reduce the risk of levator ani muscle (LAM) avulsion during vaginal delivery.

Methods: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial enrolled nulliparous participants planning vaginal delivery. During the first stage of labor, participants were randomized to receive the intravaginal device or standard-of-care labor management.

Person-centred decisions in emergency care for older people living with frailty: principles and practice.

Older people living with frailty are frequent users of emergency care and have multiple and complex problems. Typical evidence-based guidelines and protocols provide guidance for the management of single and simple acute issues. Meanwhile, person-centred care orientates interventions around the perspectives of the individual.

Emergency department and hospital-based programs responding to elder mistreatment: developing consensus about an idea whose time has come.

Elder mistreatment is common, serious, and under-recognized, with Emergency Department and hospital clinical encounters offering a potential but currently unrealized opportunity to identify and help older adults experiencing mistreatment. Interdisciplinary emergency department and hospital-based response teams represent a promising care model to address this. This manuscript describes two such teams and introduces a special issue dedicated to this work.