Clinical and histological comparative outcomes after injections of poly-L-lactic acid and calcium hydroxyapatite in arms: A split side study.

Background: Although much has been published on the use of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA) for off-face indications, questions remain regarding their exact mechanisms of action in subcutaneous tissue and their comparative efficacy.

Objective: To present the clinical and histological results of the PLLA and CaHA injections into the opposing arms of the same patients.

Methods: Five women received superficial subcutaneous injections of PLLA into the left arm and CaHA into the right arm.

Subcision™ plus poly-l-lactic acid for the treatment of cellulite associated to flaccidity in the buttocks and thighs.

Background: There is a growing demand for procedures to treat cellulite. Subcision™ is widely used for cellulite correction, and injectable poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) has been shown to be an effective option for various body conditions.

Aims: Present the results of combining Subcision™ plus PLLA, in the same session, in patients with cellulite and flaccidity.

Recommendations on the Use of Injectable Poly-L-Lactic Acid for Skin Laxity in Off-Face Areas.

Injectable poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is a biodegradable synthetic polymer that stimulates collagen production, leading to gradual volume restoration. The treatment of sagging skin in body areas is still a big challenge, as there are few aesthetic procedures aiming to improve it. This article provides recommendations on the use of PLLA in the treatment of skin laxity in off-face areas, as the neck, décolletage, arms, abdomen, buttocks, and thighs, including the patient selection, product preparation, and injection techniques.

Gummy smile and botulinum toxin: a new approach based on the gingival exposure area.

Background: Gummy smile (GS) is an aesthetic disorder for some patients, which can be corrected by injection of botulinum toxin.

Objective: We sought to classify GS according to the area of gingival exposure and the respective muscles involved in order to perfect the botulinum toxin injection technique for each patient.

Methods: Sixteen patients with GS were evaluated before receiving botulinum toxin injections.

Poly-L-lactic acid for neck and chest rejuvenation.

Background: Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) has been widely used in the enhancement of facial contours, but its use in nonfacial areas is rarely cited.

Objectives: To demonstrate the efficacy and safety of PLLA for neck and chest rejuvenation.

Methods: Thirty-six patients with different degrees of cutaneous flaccidity, atrophy, and wrinkles in the neck and chest were treated with PLLA.