Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) harboring mupirocin and biocide resistance genes in a large health care system.

Background: We aimed to determine the prevalence of genes associated with high-level mupirocin and biocide resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates among hospitalized patients and to characterize their genomic and epidemiologic features.

Methods: Study conducted on an integrated health system. Clinical cultures with MRSA from hospitalized patients collected between March 1, 2023, and January 20, 2024 underwent prospective whole-genome sequencing, including assessment for the presence of markers of resistance against mupirocin (mupA) and biocides (qac).

Bacteria as Biological Control Agents of Plant Diseases.

Biological control is an effective and sustainable alternative or complement to conventional pesticides for fungal and bacterial plant disease management. Some of the most intensively studied biological control agents are bacteria that can use multiple mechanisms implicated in the limitation of plant disease development, and several bacterial-based products have been already registered and marketed as biopesticides. However, efforts are still required to increase the commercially available microbial biopesticides.

Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Single-Center Experience in the United States, 2013-2018.

Background: is increasingly recognized as a human pathogen causing life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. There is a paucity of data around this topic in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients.

Methods: This work was a single-center retrospective cohort study of all SOT recipients with a positive culture for between 2013 and 2018.

Duration of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriales carriage among ICU patients in Miami, FL: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Current recommendations by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggest placing patients with carbapenem-producing Enterobacteriales (CPE) in contact precautions, but there is no consensus on the appropriate duration of precautions.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate predictors for prolonged CPE carriage and median clearance time.

Methods: Patients with first isolated CPE identified from 2012-2016 were followed for clearance of CPE using at least two rectal or tracheal aspirate surveillance cultures and clinical cultures during intensive-care-unit admission.

Predictive and diagnosis models of stroke from hemodynamic signal monitoring.

This work presents a novel and promising approach to the clinical management of acute stroke. Using machine learning techniques, our research has succeeded in developing accurate diagnosis and prediction real-time models from hemodynamic data. These models are able to diagnose stroke subtype with 30 min of monitoring, to predict the exitus during the first 3 h of monitoring, and to predict the stroke recurrence in just 15 min of monitoring.

Implementing carbapenem-resistance testing algorithms for Enterobacteriales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: diagnostic and antimicrobial stewardship with timely infection prevention.

Early detection of carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative (CRGN) infections can help tailor therapy sooner and prevent horizontal transmission more efficiently. This involves timely, multidisciplinary communication. To this aim, we describe our experience with implementing reflex testing algorithms for expanded antibiotic susceptibilities and molecular mechanisms of resistance in a large academic hospital.

Biological control of bacterial plant diseases with strains selected for their broad-spectrum activity.

The use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to control multiple pathogens that affect different crops was studied, namely, pv. in kiwifruit, pv. in and in strawberry.

Linezolid- and Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Infection Control and Antimicrobial Stewardship Using Whole Genome Sequencing.

Background: Vancomycin-resistant enterococci are an important cause of healthcare-associated infections and are inherently resistant to many commonly used antibiotics. Linezolid is the only drug currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat vancomycin-resistant enterococci; however, resistance to this antibiotic appears to be increasing. Although outbreaks of linezolid- and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (LR-VRE) in solid organ transplant recipients remain uncommon, they represent a major challenge for infection control and hospital epidemiology.

Somnolence and stuttering as the primary manifestations of a midbrain stroke.

Background: Stroke can occasionally manifest with non-lateralizing findings such as somnolence and stuttering. We describe a case and discuss the anatomical and physiological implications of this rare combination of symptoms.

Case Report: A 51-year-old woman presented with 3 days of "feeling drunk".

[Glomerulopathies associated to HIV infection: a Spanish perspective].

Unlabelled: HIV nephropathy (HIVAN) is the most frequent cause of chronic renal failure in HIV-infected black patients. However, the prevalence of other glomerulopathies mediated by immunocomplexes has increased in the last years. We report on the glomerular diseases observed in HIV patients in our Hospital.

Anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody sequential immunosuppressive induction therapy in renal transplants with high risk of delayed graft function.

There is little experience on the use of monoclonal antibodies that block the high-affinity interleukin-2 receptor (basiliximab and daclizumab) in sequential therapy in renal transplants with risk of delayed graft function. This study sougth to test the efficacy and safety of the substitution of anticalcineurins with two doses of basiliximab or daclizumab in the immediate posttransplant period for recipients at risk of delayed renal graft function. Immunosuppression consisted of steroids, mycophenolate mofetil, and two doses of basiliximab (20 mg/day) on days 0 and 4 posttransplant or daclizumab (1 mg/kg per day) on days 0 and 15 posttransplant.