Selection of oral bioavailability enhancing formulations during drug discovery.

The objective of this paper was to identify oral bioavailability enhancing approaches for a poorly water-soluble research compound during drug discovery stages using minimal amounts of material. LCQ789 is a pBCS (preclinical BCS) Class II compound with extremely low aqueous solubility (<1 µg/mL) and high permeability, therefore, resulting in very low oral bioavailability in preclinical species (rats and dogs). A number of solubility and/or dissolution enhancing approaches including particle size reduction, solid dispersions, lipid-based formulations and co-crystals, were considered in order to improve the compound's oral bioavailability.

In vitro hemolysis: guidance for the pharmaceutical scientist.

Pharmaceutical excipients are commonly incorporated into parenteral formulations to increase solubility and stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The biocompatibility of these excipients is an important consideration during formulation development. Despite the importance of hemolytic potential of parenteral formulations, there is considerable contradictory information in the literature related to the hemolytic potential of various excipients.

Lyophilization of polyethylene glycol mixtures.

Lyophilization of cosolvent systems may be a beneficial way of enhancing both physical and chemical stability of a drug product. The objective of this research is to establish whether cosolvent systems commonly used in the formulation of poorly water-soluble drugs can be successfully lyophilized. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 was selected because it is widely used and can be easily frozen.

Development of clinical dosage forms for a poorly water soluble drug I: Application of polyethylene glycol-polysorbate 80 solid dispersion carrier system.

Different formulation approaches were evaluated to ensure that the formulation of a poorly water soluble compound chosen during early development achieves optimum bioavailability. The insoluble compound has an aqueous solubility of 0.17 micro g/mL at 25 +/- 1 degrees C, a relatively high permeability (Caco2 P(app) = 6.