Spontaneous pneumomediastinum as a cause of neck pain, dysphagia, and chest pain.

Two patients seen in the emergency department with neck pain, dysphagia, and chest pain were found to have spontaneous pneumomediastinum. The need for inclusion of pneumomediastinum in the differential diagnosis in patients with these symptoms is suggested.

cis-4-[[[(2-Chloroethyl)nitrosoamino]carbonyl]methylamino] cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, a nitrosourea with latent activity against an experimental solid tumor.

cis-4-[[[(2-Chloroethyl)nitrosoamino]carbonyl]methylamino] cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (N-Me-cis-CCCNU) was synthesized in five steps from cis-4-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid via an N-tosylated intermediate. N-Me-cis-CCCNU, which is incapable of the facile decomposition that characterizes the clinically useful nitrosoureas, effected a significant cure rate of both early and established murine Lewis lung carcinoma, even though its in vitro half-life was approximately 5.5 times that of the unmethylated parent compound.

[Experimental studies on the specific weight and osmotic activity of nephrologically important solutions].

The concentrating power of kidney is examined with respect to the excretion of osmotically active particles in terminal urine. Results of osmometric measurements on 14 solutions of physiological significance reveal that with increasing concentration there is some asymptotic lowering of the osmotic activity as a result of increasing physicochemical interactions. The specific gravity, however, increases in constant proportion.

Tallysomycin S10b: experimental antitumor activity and toxicity.

Tallysomycin S10b (TLM S10b), a structural analog of bleomycin (BLM), was evaluated and compared with BLM for antitumor activity in several murine tumor systems and for toxic effects in mice and rats. Neither TLM S10b nor BLM was effective against IP P388 and L1210 leukemias, whereas both drugs were active against IP P388/J leukemia (a BLM-sensitive subline). TLM S10b and BLM were both active against murine solid tumors, including SC B16 melanoma, IV Lewis lung carcinoma, SC Madison 109 lung carcinoma, SC CD8F1 mammary carcinoma and SC Colon 38 carcinoma.

Gas emissions and the eruptions of mount st. Helens through 1982.

The monitoring of gas emissions from Mount St. Helens includes daily airborne measurements of sulfur dioxide in the volcanic plume and monthly sampling of gases from crater fumaroles. The composition of the fumarolic gases has changed slightly since 1980: the water content increased from 90 to 98 percent, and the carbon dioxide concentrations decreased from about 10 to 1 percent.

Antiemetic activity of butorphanol against cisplatin-induced emesis in ferrets and dogs.

The analgesic agent butorphanol was evaluated for its ability to block cisplatin-induced emesis in ferrets and dogs. In ferrets, butorphanol (0.15, 0.

Structural modifications of anguidin and antitumor activities of its analogues.

Approximately 60 derivatives of anguidin were prepared for evaluation of antitumor activities. Positions 3, 4, 8-10, and 15 were modified, and the resultant derivatives were screened against P-388 leukemia. It was found that introduction of the C3-keto and C3,C8-diketo groups markedly improved the antileukemic activity, whereas epoxidation of the C9-C10 double bond or oxidation of the C15 position diminished its activity.

Simultaneous determination of vitamins B1, B2, B6, and niacinamide in multivitamin pharmaceutical preparations by paired-ion reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography.

A high-pressure liquid chromatographic procedure for the simultaneous determination of vitamins B1, B2, B6, and niacinamide in multivitamin pharmaceutical preparations was developed and evaluated. The method uses paired-ion reversed-phase partition chromatography for baseline separation of the four water-soluble vitamins. This method was applied to the analysis of a multivitamin and multivitamin-multimineral tablets, and a technique was developed to reduce vitamin adsorption by the minerals.

[Experiences in the determination of brain death].

The experience gained in the ascertainment of the brain death in 45 cases permits to draw the following conclusions: 1. The irreversible functional loss of the brain is in the first place diagnosed on the basis of the clinical-neurological findings. 2.

Evaluation of Madison 109 lung carcinoma as a model for screening antitumor drugs.

The Madison 109 lung carcinoma (M109) was evaluated as a model for the screening of antitumor agents. Thirty-five drugs with established antitumor activity were assayed in mice implanted ip or sc with M109. Depending on the mode of tumor implantation, drugs representing those affecting nucleic acids (through binding, interacalating, or inducing single-strand breaks), various alkylating agents, mitotic inhibitors, antimetabolites, and immunomodulators were able either to inhibit the growth of sc M109 or to extend the lifespan of mice given M109 ip.

Antileukemia (L1210) activity and toxicity of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) analogs.

cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (cis-platinum) and 40 of its analogs were evaluated for antitumor activity in BDF1 mice implanted ip with 10(6) L1210 leukemia cells. Several of these analogs were also evaluated for their ability to cause elevation in BUN and to produce leukopenia in normal BDF1 mice. In 11 experiments, cis-platinum given on Day 1 or Days 1--9 after implant produced T/C (treated/control) values between 164% and 214% and 157% and 285% respectively.

[Dialysis costs. 2. Ward-integrated dialysis].

It is described how with a small personnel and material expenditure in a nephrologic ward since several years haemodialytic therapies are performed successfully and effectively. The expenses for this form of dialysis integrated into the ward were compared with those in the dialysis centre. Demands of cost and personnel are essentially lower.

Therapeutic potentiation of nitrosoureas using chlorpromazine and caffeine in the treatment of murine tumors.

The therapeutic usefulness of chlorpromazine (CPZ) and caffeine (CAF) in combination with selected nitrosoureas was investigated in mice bearing L1210 leukemia, Lewis lung carcinoma, and B16 melanoma. We found that using BCNU with either CAF or CPZ was therapeutically superior to using either agent alone to treat mice bearing L1210 leukemia. Administering all three drugs in combination did not improve upon the therapeutic responses obtained with the two-drug combinations.