Efficiency of Desiccation, Biomass Production, and Nutrient Accumulation in Zuri and Quênia Guinea Grasses in Integrated Crop-Livestock Systems and Second-Crop Maize.

Modern agriculture faces the challenge of increasing production without expanding cultivated areas, promoting sustainable practices that ensure food security and environmental preservation. Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLSs) stand out as an effective strategy, diversifying and intensifying agricultural production in a sustainable manner, ensuring adequate soil cover, and improving nutrient cycling efficiency. Thus, this study aimed to explore and compare integrated crop-livestock systems with Zuri guinea grass ( cv.

Use of data mining techniques to classify soil CO2 emission induced by crop management in sugarcane field.

Soil CO2 emissions are regarded as one of the largest flows of the global carbon cycle and small changes in their magnitude can have a large effect on the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. Thus, a better understanding of this attribute would enable the identification of promoters and the development of strategies to mitigate the risks of climate change. Therefore, our study aimed at using data mining techniques to predict the soil CO2 emission induced by crop management in sugarcane areas in Brazil.

Humic fractions of forest, pasture and maize crop soils resulting from microbial activity.

Humic substances result from the degradation of biopolymers of organic residues in the soil due to microbial activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of three different ecosystems: forest, pasture and maize crop on the formation of soil humic substances relating to their biological and chemical attributes. Microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial respiratory activity, nitrification potential, total organic carbon, soluble carbon, humic and fulvic acid fractions and the rate and degree of humification were determined.

Calretinin expression in high-grade invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast is associated with basal-like subtype and unfavorable prognosis.

Calretinin, a calcium-binding protein, is a widely used marker for mesothelial differentiation. There is accumulating evidence of calretinin expression in epithelial and mesenchymal malignancies, as well. The objectives of this study were to (1) further delineate the expression of calretinin in grade 3 breast carcinomas in the context of molecular subtypes and (2) identify the impact of calretinin expression on overall and disease-free survival.

Claudin expression in high-grade invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast: correlation with the molecular subtype.

Claudin proteins are a major component of the tight junctions. Dysregulation of claudin protein expression has been described in a number of malignancies. Gene expression profiling has stratified breast cancers into distinct molecular subtypes: luminal, HER2 positive (HER2+), and basal-like.

Decreased expression of gastrokine 1 and the trefoil factor interacting protein TFIZ1/GKN2 in gastric cancer: influence of tumor histology and relationship to prognosis.

Purpose: Transcriptional profiling showed decreased expression of gastrokine 1 (GKN1) and the related trefoil factor interacting protein (TFIZ1/GKN2) in Helicobacter pylori infection. Decreased GKN1 and GKN2 mRNA expression has been reported in gastric adenocarcinoma. We have examined GKN1 and GKN2 protein expression in a large gastric cancer series, correlated expression with tumor subtype, and evaluated their utility as prognostic biomarkers.

Analysis of T-cell clonality using laser capture microdissection and high-resolution microcapillary electrophoresis.

Identification of clonal lymphocytic populations by polymerase chain reaction may be difficult in cases with scant cellular infiltrates or those with a heterogeneous population of cells. Here, we assessed the diagnostic utility of laser capture microdissection (LCM) and high-resolution microcapillary electrophoresis in the analysis of clonality of small biopsy specimens. Clonality was determined in 24 cases: five reactive tonsils, five reactive lymph nodes, six inflammatory skin lesions, and eight T-cell lymphomas.

Enhanced colon tumor induction in uncoupling protein-2 deficient mice is associated with NF-kappaB activation and oxidative stress.

Oxidative stress has a complex effect on cancer development. To further study this process, we induced colon tumors with azoxymethane (AOM) in mice deficient for uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2). UCP2 has recently emerged as a negative regulator of mitochondrial oxidant production.

Insulin and insulin-like growth factor expression and function deteriorate with progression of Alzheimer's disease: link to brain reductions in acetylcholine.

Reduced glucose utilization and energy metabolism occur early in the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and correlate with impaired cognition. Glucose utilization and energy metabolism are regulated by insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), and correspondingly, studies have shown that cognitive impairment may be improved by glucose or insulin administration. Recently, we demonstrated significantly reduced levels of insulin and IGF-I polypeptide genes and their corresponding receptors in advanced AD relative to aged control brains.

Impaired insulin and insulin-like growth factor expression and signaling mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease--is this type 3 diabetes?

The neurodegeneration that occurs in sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) is consistently associated with a number of characteristic histopathological, molecular, and biochemical abnormalities, including cell loss, abundant neurofibrillary tangles and dystrophic neurites, amyloid-beta deposits, increased activation of pro-death genes and signaling pathways, impaired energy metabolism/mitochondrial function, and evidence of chronic oxidative stress. The general inability to convincingly link these phenomena has resulted in the emergence and propagation of various heavily debated theories that focus on the role of one particular element in the pathogenesis of all other abnormalities. However, the accumulating evidence that reduced glucose utilization and deficient energy metabolism occur early in the course of disease, suggests a role for impaired insulin signaling in the pathogenesis of AD.